Iindidi ezintathu eziphambili zeenkqubo zamandla elanga: i-On-Grid, i-Off-Grid kunye ne-Hybrid

Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeenkqubo zamandla elanga

1. Kwigridi- ekwabizwa ngokuba yigridi-tie okanye igridi-feed inkqubo yelanga

2. I-off-grid - ekwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yamandla ezimeleyo (SAPS)

3. Umhlanganiselwa -I-grid-iqhagamshele inkqubo yelanga kunye nokugcinwa kwebhetri

Amacandelo Angundoqo eSixokelelwano seSolar

IiPaneli zeSolar

Uninzi lweepaneli zelanga zanamhlanje zenziwe ngeeseli ezininzi ze-silicon-based photovoltaic (iiseli zePV) eyenza umbane othe ngqo wangoku (DC) ukusuka elangeni. Iiphaneli zelanga, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ziimodyuli zelanga, ngokuqhelekileyo zidityaniswe 'kwimitya' ukwenza into eyaziwa ngokuba yi-solar array. Isixa samandla elanga aveliswayo sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ukuqhelaniswa kunye ne-angle yokuthambeka kweepaneli zelanga, ukusebenza kakuhle kwepaneli yelanga, kunye nayo nayiphi na ilahleko ngenxa yomthunzi, ubumdaka kunye nobushushu obuphakathi.

Iiphaneli zelanga ziyakwazi ukuvelisa amandla ngexesha lemozulu yamafu kunye nesibekele, kodwa ubungakanani bamandla buxhomekeke 'kubunzima' kunye nokuphakama kwamafu, nto leyo emisela ukuba kungakanani na ukukhanya okunokudlula. Umthamo wamandla okukhanya waziwa njengemitha yelanga kwaye idla ngokuba yi-avareji imini yonke kusetyenziswa igama elithi Peak Sun Hours (PSH). I-PSH okanye i-avareji yeeyure zelanga zemihla ngemihla ixhomekeke ikakhulu kwindawo kunye nexesha lonyaka.

Isiguquli seSolar

Iiphaneli zesola zivelisa umbane weDC, ekufuneka uguqulwe ube ngumbane otshintshanayo (AC) ukuze siwusebenzise kumakhaya ethu nakumashishini. Le yindima ephambili ye-solar inverter. Kwinkqubo ye-inverter 'yentambo', iipaneli zelanga zidityaniswe kunye ngokulandelelana, kwaye umbane we-DC uziswa kwi-inverter, eguqula amandla e-DC kumandla e-AC. Kwinkqubo ye-microinverter, iphaneli nganye ine-micro-inverter yayo eqhotyoshelwe kwicala elingasemva lephaneli. Iphaneli isavelisa i-DC kodwa iguqulwa ibe yi-AC eluphahleni kwaye yondliwa ngokuthe ngqo kwibhodi yombane.

Kukwakho neesistim eziphucukileyo zokuguqula umtya ezisebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci zamandla ezincanyathiselwe ngasemva kwephaneli nganye yelanga. 

Iibhetri

Iibhetri ezisetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kwamandla elanga zifumaneka kwiintlobo ezimbini eziphambili: i-lead-asidi (AGM & Gel) kunye ne-lithium-ion. Zininzi ezinye iindidi ezikhoyo, ezifana neebhetri ze-redox kunye ne-sodium-ion, kodwa siya kugxila kwizinto ezimbini eziqhelekileyo. Uninzi lweenkqubo zokugcina amandla zanamhlanje zisebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezinokutshajwa kwaye zifumaneka kwiimilo ezininzi kunye nobukhulu, obunokuthi buqwalaselwe ngeendlela ezininzi ezichazwe ngokubanzi apha.

Umthamo webhetri ulinganiswa ngokubanzi njengeeyure ze-Amp (Ah) ze-lead-asidi okanye iiyure ze-kilowatt (kWh) ze-lithium-ion. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke izixhobo ezikhoyo zokusetyenziswa. Iibhetri ezisekwe kwi-lithium-ion zinokubonelela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90% yomthamo wazo okhoyo ngosuku. Xa kuthelekiswa, iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zibonelela kuphela nge-30% ukuya kwi-40% yomthamo wazo opheleleyo ngosuku ukwandisa ubomi bebhetri. Iibhetri ze-lead-asidi zinokukhutshwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa oku kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo zokugcina