Mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea litsamaiso tsa matla a letsatsi: On-Grid, Off-Grid le Hybrid

Mefuta e meraro ea mantlha ea litsamaiso tsa matla a letsatsi

1. On-grid - e tsejoang hape e le grid-tie kapa grid-feed solar system

2. Off-grid - e tsejoang hape e le sistimi ea motlakase e ikemetseng (SAPS)

3. Hybrid - Sistimi ea letsatsi e hokahaneng le grid e nang le polokelo ea betri

Likarolo tse ka Sehloohong tsa A Solar System

Liphanele tsa letsatsi

Liphanele tse ngata tsa sejoale-joale tsa letsatsi li entsoe ka lisele tse ngata tsa silicon-based photovoltaic (PV cell) tse fehlang motlakase o otlolohileng (DC) o tsoang khanyeng ea letsatsi. Liphanele tsa letsatsi, tse tsejoang hape e le li-module tsa letsatsi, hangata li hokahantsoe ka 'likhoele' ho theha se tsejoang e le "solar array". Palo ea matla a letsatsi a hlahisoang a ipapisitse le lintlha tse 'maloa, ho kenyelletsa le ho shebana le ho sekama ha liphanele tsa letsatsi, ho sebetsa hantle ha karolo ea letsatsi, hammoho le tahlehelo efe kapa efe ka lebaka la moriti, litšila esita le mocheso o teng.

Liphanele tsa letsatsi li ka hlahisa matla nakong ea maru le maru, empa boholo ba matla bo itšetlehile ka 'botenya' le bophahamo ba maru, e leng se bontšang hore na khanya e ka feta hakae. Bongata ba matla a khanya bo tsejoa e le mabone a letsatsi 'me hangata a lekanngoa letsatsi lohle ho sebelisoa lentsoe Peak Sun Hours (PSH). PSH kapa karolelano ea lihora tsa letsatsi le letsatsi e itšetlehile haholo ka sebaka le nako ea selemo.

Solar Inverter

Li-solar panel li hlahisa motlakase oa DC, o tlamehang ho fetoloa motlakase oa alternating current (AC) hore o sebelisoe malapeng le likhoebong tsa rona. Ena ke karolo ea mantlha ea motlakase oa letsatsi. Ka sistimi ea inverter ea "khoele", liphanele tsa letsatsi li hokahane hammoho ka letoto, 'me motlakase oa DC o tlisoa ho inverter, e fetolelang matla a DC ho matla a AC. Ka tsamaiso ea microinverter, phanele e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le micro-inverter ea eona e khomaretsoeng ka lehlakoreng le ka morao la phanele. Phanele e ntse e hlahisa DC empa e fetoloa ho AC marulelong 'me e feptjoa ka kotloloho ho switchboard ea motlakase.

Ho boetse ho na le li-inverter tse tsoetseng pele tsa likhoele tse sebelisang li-optimizer tse nyane tse hokelletsoeng ka morao ho phanele e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea letsatsi. 

Libetri

Libetri tse sebelisetsoang ho boloka matla a letsatsi li fumaneha ka mefuta e 'meli e meholo: asiti ea lead (AGM & Gel) le lithium-ion. Mefuta e meng e mengata e teng, e kang li-betri tsa redox le sodium-ion, empa re tla tsepamisa maikutlo ho tse peli tse tloaelehileng haholo. Lisebelisoa tse ngata tsa sejoale-joale tsa polokelo ea matla li sebelisa libeteri tsa lithium-ion tse nchafalitsoeng hape li fumaneha ka libopeho le boholo bo bongata, tse ka hlophisoang ka mekhoa e mengata e hlalositsoeng ka botlalo mona.

Bophahamo ba betri hangata bo lekanyetsoa joalo ka Amp hours (Ah) bakeng sa lead-acid kapa kilowatt hours (kWh) bakeng sa lithium-ion. Leha ho le joalo, ha se matla ohle a fumanehang bakeng sa ho sebelisoa. Libetri tse thehiloeng ho lithium-ion li ka fana ka 90% ea matla a tsona a teng ka letsatsi. Ha ho bapisoa, libeteri tse nang le asiti ea lead hangata li fana ka 30% ho isa ho 40% ea matla a tsona kaofela ka letsatsi ho eketsa bophelo ba betri. Libetri tsa asiti ea loto li ka ntšoa ka botlalo, empa sena se lokela ho etsoa feela maemong a tšohanyetso