I-United States iphakamisa indlela entsha yokuxazulula amabhethri e-lithium ion

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Umhlinzeki Wesiteshi Samandla Esiphathekayo

Umhlahlandlela: Ithimba labacwaningi ku-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) liphakamise indlela entsha yokuxazulula inkinga yebhethri ye-lithium-ion. Ukhiye wempendulo ungaba seqoqweni lamanje elizwela izinga lokushisa. Kwenzekani uma isipikili sikubhethri yebhethri ye-lithium-ion? Abacwaningi abaqaphele le nqubo bathi baye bahlakulela indlela esekelwe ku-polymer engakwazi ukumelana nezingozi zomlilo ezihlobene nebhethri ye-lithium-ion.

Kusukela ku-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), NASA, University of NASA, United Kingdom of Didcot, London, National Physics Laboratory, kanye ne-France&39;s European Synchronous Accelerator, Nail into the cylindrical "18650 battery" evame ukusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni kwezimoto (18x65mm). Abacwaningi bazama ukukhiqiza kabusha ukucindezelwa kwemishini okumele amabhethri ezimoto zikagesi (EV) akuthwale lapho eshayisana. Uzipho luzothinta isifunda esifushane ngaphakathi kwebhethri, okuholela ekukhuphukeni kwezinga lokushisa.

Ngemininingwane eyengeziwe, lapho isipikili singena ebhethrini, kwenzekani ngaphakathi, umcwaningi usebenzisa ikhamera ye-X-ray enesivinini esikhulu ukuze athwebule lesi sigameko ngesivinini samafreyimu angu-2000 ngomzuzwana. Usosayensi wabasebenzi bakwa-NREL uDonalFinegan uthe: “Lapho ibhethri lihluleka ngempela, isivinini sephutha layo lishesha kakhulu, ngakho-ke lingahlala liphelele emizuzwaneni embalwa ukuze ligwinye futhi libhujiswe ngokuphelele. Ngokushesha kakhulu, kunzima kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekeni phakathi nemizuzwana emibili.

Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekeni, ngoba ukuphathwa kwale mizuzwana emibili kuyisici esibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha kwebhethri. "Uma ungalawuli, ukunyuka kwezinga lokushisa kwebhethri eliphuma ngaphandle kokulawula kufakazelwe ukuthi lingaphezu kuka-800 degrees Celsius. Iseli lebhethri liqukethe abaqoqi be-aluminium nethusi, futhi ithimba locwaningo lisebenzisa ama-polymers ambozwe nge-aluminium ukuze lidlale ukusetshenziswa okufanayo, futhi laqaphela ukuthi abaqoqi bawo bamanje banenkontileka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngokushesha babamba ukugeleza kwamanje.

Ukushisa kwesifunda esifushane kubangela ukuba i-polymer yenze umgoqo womzimba phakathi kwezipikili kanye ne-electrode engalungile, futhi isifunda esifushane siyamiswa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, wonke amabhethri angenawo ama-polymer discharger, uma izipikili zenziwe, azokhipha. Ngokuphambene, akukho ukuziphatha okunjalo okufakwe i-polymer.

UFinegan uthe: “Isimo sokwehluleka okuyinhlekelele kwebhethri asivamile kakhulu, kodwa uma lesi simo sivela, singabangela umonakalo omkhulu. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuphepha nempilo yabasebenzi abafanelekile, akufani kuphela enkampanini. "Uma kucatshangelwa inkampani edidiyelwe iyunithi yebhethri, i-NREL iveze isizindalwazi sayo samaphutha ebhethri, ngamakhulu e-lithium-ion yokuhlola ukusetshenziswa kabi kwebhethri amakhulukhulu evidiyo yemisebe kanye namaphuzu wedatha yokushisa.

UFinegan uthe: “Abakhiqizi abancane abahlale benaso isikhathi nezinsiza zokuhlola amabhethri ngendlela eqinile kule minyaka emihlanu kuya kweyisithupha edlule. "Abacwaningi baseRussia basanda kuzalwa ukusebenzisa ama-polymers ukuvimbela ibhethri ukuthi lingathukutheli. U-Oleglevin nozakwabo benza i-polymer, iSt.

Petersburg University, yakha i-polymer, futhi ukuqhutshwa kukagesi kwalesi polymer kuyashintsha njengoba ikhalori noma i-voltage ishintsha. Ithimba libize le ndlela ngokuthi "isingeniso samakhemikhali". Ngokusho kwethimba le-microsolytic, le polymer yososayensi baseRussia ifaneleka kuphela amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) ngoba izingxenye ezahlukene ze-cathode zisebenza ngama-voltages ahlukene.

Mayelana nebhethri le-LFP ngu-3.2V. I-voltage yokusebenza ye-nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) cathode yesimbangi iphakathi kuka-3.

7V kuya ku-4.2V, kuye ngohlobo lwebhethri le-NMC.