The future is above, how do lithium ion batteries change the future?

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Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, izithuthi zombane uza kufumana ukwakhiwa ngomlinganiselo omkhulu. Ngokutsho IEA yangaphambili, ngo-2030, i-jikelele electric isithuthi isiqinisekiso kuya kusuka 3.7 yezigidi ngo-2017 ukuya 130 million, kwaye umthamo yonyaka intengiso ziya kufikelela-2.

1.5 million. Kulo mzekelo, yonyaka amandla amatsha battery avuke 68 GW w11 ngo-2017 ukuya 775 GW, apho 84% iya kusetyenziswa iimoto ukukhanya.

ezweni lam, EU, India, US Demand accounted for-50%, 18%, 12%, kwaye thabatha 7% ngokulandelelana. Kule minyaka idlulileyo amabini, kunye yobukhulu enkulu isikali yemveliso, Lithium-ion netheknoloji ibhetri engundoqo isithuthi yombane kuye kwaphucuka kakhulu, ixabiso liye lehla kakhulu, kangangokuba intsebenzo iindleko zezithuthi zombane iqala imoto amafutha . Key Drive zizathu Ukususela ngowe-1990, ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion liye lasetyenziswa ngokubanzi xa umthengi electronic, ukugcinwa energy (indlu, eziluncedo), kunye noshishino injini yombane.

Ngenxa ubungakanani isikali yemveliso, ukusebenza kwayo kuye kwaphucuka kakhulu, intengo ukuhla kakhulu. Future. izinto Chemical.

Ukusebenza kwebhetri banazo izinto nokwehlukana. Izinto cathode angenziwa kuquka lithium nickel ayibe manganese (NMC), lithium nickel ayibe aluminiyam oxide (NCA), Lithium manganese oxide (LMO) kunye phosphate lithium yentsimbi (LFP); inkoliso anode ukusetyenziswa eziphathekayo grafayithi, iimoto onzima isithuthi enzima ajikelezayo ubomi, lithium titanate (LTO). NMC and NCA technology kukuba amandla konga ephakamileyo, alawula imarike ibhetri ukukhanya; amandla lexinene LFP esezantsi, kodwa uye wangenelwa ubomi lomjikelo ephakamileyo kunye nokusebenza ukhuseleko, yinto umnqweno ukusebenzisa zizithuthi ezinzima zombane (okt ezithwala) impahla Chemical.

Izinto eziyimichiza ibe nefuthe elikhulu kakhulu iindleko ibhetri, besebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo imichiza, kunye abana babo ixabiso unako ukufikelela-20%. Ibhetri umthamo kunye nobukhulu. umthamo isithuthi ibhetri Electric yahluke kakhulu, amandla ibhetri kwezithuthi zombane ezincinane ezintathu kwilizwe lam ngu 18.

3 ~ 23 kWh; EYurophu nakuMntla Melika umthamo ibhetri izithuthi naphakathi-23 ~ 60 kWh; cars ezinkulu umthamo ibhetri kwi 75 ~ 100 kWh. Okuya uba mkhulu umsantsa amandla ebhetri, iindleko. Kuqikelelwa ukuba 70 kW yipa- ibhetri iindleko unit amandla yi-25% ngaphantsi kwama-30 kW.

isikali Machining. Zhang Da isikali nokusingatha ukuphumeza uqoqosho isikali yenye into ebalulekileyo. Okwangoku, uluhlu imveliso eqhelekileyo imalunga 0.

5 ~ 8 JW / nyaka, uninzi imveliso imalunga 3 GW / ngonyaka. Ngokutsho nomthamo eqhelekileyo ka 20 ~ 75 kWh, isithuthi enye zombane ibalwa, yaye zikhutshwa isityalo esinye luyafana machining imiqulu battery 6000-400,000 ngonyaka ngamnye. Okwangoku, eJamani, eUnited States, ilizwe lam, India kunye nezinye iindawo usandul kwakhiwa inyanda imveliso mveliso kwebhetri enkulu, kuquka Super Factory xa Tesla nyaka ifikelela 35 GW.

Ukutshaja isantya. Ithekhnoloji ngoku bayakwazi ukumangalela 80% ngo imizuzu engama-40 ~ 60. Le isibheno longeze ukuntsonkotha koyilo bebhetri, ezifana ukunciphisa ububanzi electrode, nto leyo eya kongeza iindleko ibhetri; ukunciphisa mninzi amandla ibhetri, ngokwenjenjalo kuphungulwe ubomi bebhetri.

Ingxelo yokubola US Department of Energy wayitshintsha uyilo ibhetri ukulungiselela kilowatts 400 ezibiza uya kwandisa iindleko iindleko kwebhetri. Isiqhelo iphambili revolution eziphathekayo ziya kusekelwa phezu yokubola IEA, kwaye ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion kunjalo zivale kwisithuba seminyaka engamashumi amabini, kodwa izinto zayo khemikhali kancane utshintsho. Phambi 2025, isizukulwana esitsha Lithium Lithium ukuba abe ayibe ephantsi, ukuxinana amandla aphezulu kunye cathode lithium nickel ayibe manganese (NMC) 811, njl

uya kungena imveliso abaninzi. Kulo anode grafayithi, imali encinci lesilicon idityaniswe, kwaye amandla mninzi ukuba zinyuke nge-50%, lo gama ityuwa electrolyte into enokumelana ombane aphezulu kuya kunceda ekuphuculeni ukusebenza. Ngeli thuba 2025 ukuya 2030, lithium but is a cathode, grafayithi / lesilicon edityanisiweyo ezibonakalayo ukuze anode, Lithium ion, angangena lesigaba sokuyila, kwaye ungade electrolytes eqinileyo ukuphucula ngakumbi mninzi amandla kunye nokhuseleko bebhetri.

Ukongezelela, iteknoloji ye-lithium ion inokutshintshwa ngamanye amandla oxinaniso kunye neendleko eziphantsi zethiyori kunye ne-lithium air, i-lithium sulfure, njl. Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba lophuhliso lwale teknoloji lisephantsi kakhulu, kwaye ukusebenza kwangempela kusahlolisiswa. Inqaku elipapashwe kwi-Nature Journal kaJulayi 26, i-2018, inqaku elinesihloko esithi "TenyearsleftToredesignlithium-Ionbatteries" ibonise ukuba ukuguquka kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion kunye nexabiso libekwe kancinci.

I-tight ngaloo ndlela ibangele ingxaki engentla ibandakanya: kwi-crystal structure yezinto ze-electrode, ubungakanani bentlawulo enokugcinwa ngokukhawuleza ukusondela kubuninzi beethiyori; ukunyuka kwimarike kunzima ukuqhubeka ukuzisa ukucutha ixabiso elikhulu. Okubi nakakhulu, izinto ze-electrode, ezifana ne-cobalt kunye ne-nickel, zinqabile kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso liyabiza. Ukuba akukho tshintsho olutsha, kulindeleke ukuba lube ngu-2030 ~ 2037 (okanye ngaphambili), imfuno ye-cobalt kunye ne-nickel.

Ukugqithisa isivuno. Kwelinye icala, izinto ezintsha ezizezinye ze-electrode, njengentsimbi, ubhedu, ubhedu, zisekwinqanaba lokuqala lophando. Eli nqaku libiza izazinzulu zezixhobo, iinjineli kunye nee-arhente zenkxaso-mali ukunyusa uphando kwizinto ze-electrode ezisekelwe kwintsimbi, ubhedu kunye nezinye izinto ezifana neendawo zokugcina.

Ngaphandle koko, uphuhliso olukhulu lwezithuthi zombane luya kuthintelwa. Economic 掂 掂 影响 因 因 因:::: 程: 程: 里 行 里 里 里 里 (程 (里 里 行 里 (里 里 里, 里 行 里 (里 里, 里, 里, 里, . amaxabiso ebhetri, kukho ibhetri eyi-70-35 kWh / ngonyaka, amandla ebhetri angama-70 ~ 80 kWh / ngonyaka, kunye neendleko zebhetri ye-70 ~ 80 kWh, kunye neendleko ze-2030 zingancitshiswa zibe yi-100. ~ 122 US dollar / kWh, kunye EU ($ 93 / kW), ilizwe lam ($ 116 / kW) kunye neendleko zeendleko Japan ($ 92 / kW) isondele kakhulu.

Umsantsa phakathi kweendleko zezithuthi zombane kunye noololiwe bamafutha uya kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa ixabiso lebhetri kunye nepetroli lidlula ubungakanani bomzimba womzimba. Ngokomzekelo, ixabiso lebhetri lilingana ne-$ 400 / kWh, iimoto zombane zikhuphisana kakhulu, kwaye izithuthi zepetroli ziya kuba nezoqoqosho. Ukuba ixabiso leebhetri zeemoto zombane liphantsi, i-petroli inexabiso eliphezulu, kwaye i-mileage yemihla ngemihla iphezulu, khetha imoto encinci yombane okanye i-plug-in hybrid car kuneemoto ezincinci zepetroli ezinoqoqosho.

Ngokomzekelo, ixabiso lebhetri li-$ 120 / kWh, ixabiso lepetroli liphezulu kunanamhlanje, ke imoto yombane ecocekileyo iya kuba yinto ekhethiweyo yoqoqosho kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-mileage yexesha elide. Ukuba ixabiso lebhetri lilingana ne-$ 260 / kWh, i-mileage ingaphezu kweekhilomitha ezingama-35,000 / ngonyaka, ixabiso leoli lifikelela kwi-$ 1.5 / ilitha, lukhetho lwezoqoqosho.

Kwiibhasi ezinkulu zombane, ukuba ixabiso lebhetri lingaphantsi kwe-260 yeedola zase-US / kWh, ibhasi yombane ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-50,000 yeekhilomitha / ngonyaka ixabisa ukukhuphisana kummandla kunye nenkqubo yerhafu ye-diesel ephezulu.