Australia e rera ho kenya indasteri ea ho nchafatsa lisele tsa letsatsi ho qoba tšilafalo ea tikoloho

Forfatter: Iflowpower – Fournisseur de centrales électriques portables

Ha e le hantle, Australia e bontšitse thahasello ho matla a letsatsi. Joale, karolelano ea nako ea bophelo ea phanele ea letsatsi e ka ba lilemo tse 20, kahoo lisebelisoa tse ngata ho tloha mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-2000 li tla fihlela bophelo ba ts&39;ebeletso. Na li qetella li tlatsa litšila kapa li sebelisoa hape? Litsenyehelo tsa ho tsosolosa li phahame ho feta ho lahlela mobu, boleng ba thepa e khutlisitsoeng e ka tlaase ho thepa ea pele, kahoo thahasello ea ho tsosolosa e fokotsehile.

Leha ho le joalo, ha re nahana ka boteng ba litšepe tse boima tse kang loto le thini, haeba tsamaiso ea litšila e se ntle, re tla kena tlokotsing e &39;ngoe ea ho tsosolosa. Leha ho le joalo, haeba indasteri ea likoloi tsa motlakase ea lefats&39;e e na le thahasello ea ho nchafatsa lihlahisoa tsa letsatsi, libomo tse ka bang teng tsa nako li ka tlisa menyetla. Haeba e lokolloa tikolohong, lintho tse kotsi ka har&39;a scrap panel li ka lebisa tšilafalo e tebileng le mathata a bophelo bo botle.

E le ho kenyelletsa potoloho ea potoloho ea matla, mosebetsi o latelang oa indasteri ea mahlaseli a letsatsi ke ho lahla kapa ho tsosolosa. Leha ho le joalo, tsamaisong ea lithōle, ho sebelisoa hape kapa ho khutlisa boleng bo eketsehileng, ho sebelisoa hape ho nkoa e le ho molemo ho feta ho hlaphoheloa. Motlatsi ea ka sehloohong oa boima ba kakaretso ea mochine o tloaelehileng oa crystalline silicon photovoltaic ke khalase (75%), e lateloa ke polymer (10%), aluminium (8%), silicon (5%), koporo (1%) le chelete e nyenyane ea silevera, tin Lead le lisebelisoa tse ling le likaroloana.

Loto le thini (haeba e qoelisoa mobung le metsing a ka tlas&39;a lefatše, e tla fana ka menyetla ea bohlokoa haeba koporo, silevera le silicon li sebelisoa hape ka katleho. Ka hona, khetho ea ho lahlela mobu e lokela ho ts&39;oaroa ka ho feletseng ho thibela tšilafalo ea tikoloho le ho tsosolosa lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka phanele. Leha ho le joalo, mokhoa oa ho sebelisa hape ha o nkoe e le khetho e ntle moruong, kahoo hoa hlokahala ho nka likhothaletso tsa moruo ho potlakisa phallo ena.

Har&39;a lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka phanele, silicon ke monyetla o motle ka ho fetisisa hobane karolo ea silicon e kholoanyane ebile e na le bohloeki bo phahameng haholo (99.9999%). Silicon ea letsatsi e ka khutlisoa ho tsoa litšila tsa photovoltaic ho sebelisoa ts&39;ebelisong ea bobeli ea sethala sa letsatsi, kapa ho sebelisa hape lits&39;ebetso tsa boleng bo eketsehileng ho moloko oa 3B lithium ion battery anode.

Ha ho ntse ho eketseha likoloi tsa motlakase li na le monyetla o ikhethang oa ho tsosolosa le liindasteri tsa tsamaiso ea litšila lefatšeng, &39;me ho ka ba le sebaka sa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi. Libetri tsa kajeno tsa likoloi tsa motlakase li fetohile karolo ea bohlokoa ea litšenyehelo tsohle tsa likoloi tsa motlakase, ho itšetlehile ka 33% ho 57% ea koloi, &39;me tlhahiso ea thepa ke mohloli o ka sehloohong oa litšenyehelo tsa matla bakeng sa libeteri tsa tlhahiso. Leano la ho fokotsa litšenyehelo le itšetlehile haholo ka ho nchafatsoa ha boemo ba thepa, ke hore, ho reka le ho sebetsana le thepa e tala.

Le hoja balateli ba motlakase ka sebele ba tla amohela theko e tlaase, empa tlaleho ea mileage ke litaba tsa sehlooho. Ka 2015, Elonmusk o ile a bolela hore silicon ho li-betri tsa Models e eketsehile ka 6%. Ho tloha ka nako eo, likoloi tsa motlakase tse kang Daimler le BMW le tsona li kentse letsoho ka mafolofolo morerong oa R <000000> D oa ho kopanya silicon ea boemo ba betri bakeng sa likoloi tsa motlakase.

Silicon e fumanoeng ho liphanele tsa letsatsi e kanna ea ba seo ba se hlokang. Australia e &39;nile ea e-ba&39; marakeng oa photovoltaic o tsoetseng pele ka potlako, o kang Chaena, Japane, India le United States. Hona joale, ho feta 2.

Ho kentsoe lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse marulelong tse limilione tse 3 naheng ka bophara, re behile maemong a pele ka molao. Australia, ts&39;ebetso eohle e amana haufi-ufi le Victoria, &39;me e amana haufi-ufi le indasteri ea photovoltaic. Sepheo ke ho etsa likhothaletso ho linaha tsohle, libaka le mebuso ea koporasi mabapi le mekhoa e ratoang ea tsamaiso ea naha.

Le hoja ntle le pelaelo tebello ea lenaneo lena e le e khothatsang, ho potlakisa tsoelo-pele ea lona ho ka ’na ha fapana. Ha e le hantle, ho teba ha bothata bona ho ile ha hlokomeloa ka 2015. Ka nako eo, ho phallo ea litšila tsa elektroniki tsa Victorian phallo le tlhahlobo ea bokhoni ba ts&39;ebetso, liphanele tsa letsatsi li ne li nkuoa e le molapo o potlakileng oa litšila oa elektronike, ntle le lisebelisoa tse ikemiselitseng tsa ho tsosolosa.

Ho ea ka tlhahlobo ea sehlopha, ho lebeletsoe hore ka 2035, lithane tse fetang 100,000 tsa lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi li tla kena ka har&39;a litšila tsa Australia. Na see ke tlokotsi kapa monyetla? Haeba u batla ho hlaphoheloa ha liphanele tsa letsatsi Australia, ho na le lits&39;ebeletso tse ngata. Leha ho le joalo, maemong a mangata, foreimi ea aluminium le lebokose la mateano li ka khutlisa ka tlase ho 20% ea litšila ka ho bala boima ba &39;mele.

80% e setseng, ho kenyelletsa le silicon ea bohlokoa, Australia ha e e-s&39;o fanoe, empa liphello tsa lipatlisiso li bontša hore ha ho hlokahale. .