Waste Battery Recycling &39;Kurara&39; uye &39;Kuvhiringidzika&39;

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Mea Hoolako Uku Uku

"Kuunganidza mabhatiri emarara", izvi zvine pesvedzero yakakura yekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo, iri kubatwa mumamiriro ezvinhu anonyadzisa. Mangwanani emusi wa25 Gumiguru, "Fengtai District&39;s 2015 kupatsanura marara uye kudzokorodza zviwanikwa zvekudzoreredza zviitwa" muFangzhuang, chiitiko chakatarisana nesaiti inosvika makirogiramu maviri emabhatiri emarara. Vanhu vazhinji mukupindura kufona kwezvemamiriro ekunze uku vanovhiringikawo.

Aripi mabhatiri emarara akanyanya kudzokorodza? Mutori wenhau weNew Beijing News akawana kuti kusvika parizvino, Beijing haisati yagadzira marara akazara ekuunganidza bhatiri uye nzira yekurapa, uye nzvimbo yekurasira yave nhamba huru yemabhatiri emarara emarara. Panyaya iyi, dhipatimendi rekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza rakatsanangurwa kuti mabhatiri emumba asvika kune yakaderera uye isina mercury-yemahara tekinoroji zvinodiwa, uye anogona kugovaniswa nemarara emumba zuva nezuva pasina kubatanidzwazve. Nekuenderera mberi nekuongorora vatori venhau, yakakura, ichiri kusvibisa nharaunda, kana kudzokorodza bhatani bhatiri, bhatiri rinodzoreredza, lithium-ion bhatiri, nezvimwe.

, pamwe ne "haufanire kupora" kuti uve marara emumba. Kunyangwe iyo yakadzoserwa yakatenderedza marara bhatiri, mapato ese anogara aripo. "Hakuzove nekudzokorodza" kuita pachena, "Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoti mabhatiri ese emarara ane dzimwe njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza.

Veruzhinji havagone kuziva marara bhatiri reruoko, ingave mercury, cadmium "ngozi" Bhatiri. Kubva pakuona kwekushandisa zviwanikwa, kunyangwe njodzi yengozi isiri yepamusoro, inogona kuvandudzwa. Kana ichingoraswa semarara emumba zuva nezuva, hapana mubvunzo kuti kutambisa zviwanikwa.

"" Mumaoko emarara mabhatiri kutambisa masero kana kurapwa kwemunhu, kutsvaga "imba inotevera" kumusoro kwemusika wepamusoro muFengtai District, isingasviki 3 square metres yewachi yekugadzirisa kaunda, 50-year-old fortune master Ming Document iri bishi nemaruva ekare, kuseri kwekabhati, "Kuunganidza", "Baby" yakaunganidzwa mumakore zviuru zvitatu zvematafura emakumi matatu apfuura. Huwandu hwemabhatiri huchiri kukura nekumhanya kwemakumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu macapsules pazuva, uye anotumirwa nevatengi vanobva kuMing Wenyi, Calculator, remote control, nezvimwe. "Bhatani bhatani rakasvibiswa, harigoni kukanda," yeuka zvakajeka sirogani yeparaganda yawaona: "Bhatani rimwe bhatiri rinogona kusvibisa 600,000 mvura, yakaenzana nemvura yekunwa yemunhu".

Asi kukurumidza kwemaziso kunokonzera musoro, haazivi kuti uremu hwose hwasvika kupi kupfuura makirogiramu gumi. Mumakore matatu, kuitira kuti agadzire mabhatiri aya, akawana vashandi vekuchenesa, vashandi vehutsanana, vachivhara motokari yekudzorerazve, vachitarisira kuti mumwe munhu anogona kudzokorora, asi anorambwa. Panyaya yedambudziko rakafanana, kunewo nharaunda dzakashinga kuita kudzokorodza kwemabhatiri emarara.

Muna 2000, iyo Capital Spiritual Civilization Hofisi yakanyora "Green Community Manual", ingave marara bhatiri rekudzoreredza bhokisi munharaunda rave chiratidzo che "Yakanaka Nharaunda", "Green Community". Muna 2001 National Environmental Protection Administration, bhatiri remarara rinoshandiswa semarara ane ngozi, uye rinodiwawo zvakajeka pakuunganidza. PaYanyuan Village Street, Chaoyang District, II, gumi nemaviri zvivakwa zvekugara munharaunda, zvine mabhokisi ekurasa bhatiri.

Muzvivako uye zvivako zve11, 10 malita emabhatiri emarara akarembera pamadziro emadziro, masero emarara akazadzwa haana kucheneswa, imwe yemabhokisi emarara emarara, inoputika anenge 100 mabhatiri emarara , Inogona chete "kutamisa" kumusoro kwebhokisi. "Unogona kutumira bhatiri remarara kwatiri, ngatibate hofisi yemugwagwa kuti tigadzirise" "Kune" njodzi "marara bhatiri mubhokisi rekugamuchira, mushandi wenharaunda yeAnyuan North Library. Muchokwadi, hapana mhinduro muhofisi yemumugwagwa.

"Iniwo ndinotarisana nemarara bhatiri mumubvunzo." Mutori wenhau akaendesa vagari kuAsia Games Street Office Community Construction Office, bvunza kugadziriswa kwemabhatiri emarara, uye vashandi vehofisi Xu Lu vakati, ivo vanofanirawo kubata Kambani yekudzokorora kunze, "Asi chii chiri kuda kuiwana,". Mukuru wezvakawanda zvakatorwa zvakatorwa muBeijing akati sero remarara ravakawana rinogumira kumabhatiri e-lead-asidhi, kunyanya bhatiri rebhatiri remotokari nemotokari yebhatiri.

Kubva pabhokisi rekudzokorodza kusvika kubhatiri remarara emarara, anopfuura makore gumi akaregwa. Mazuva ano, vava mamiriro ezvinhu pasi pekuodzwa mwoyo, uye vanhu veBeijing vari kuita basa rekudzokorodza mabhatiri emarara vanofunga kuti muna 2000 ndiyo "nguva yakanaka" muindasitiri iyi. Muna Chikumi wegore, kusanganisira maguta masere muBeijing, zvakange zvakatemwa kuunganidza maguta ekufambisa marara, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza kunobva kwaraswa, uye marara ekudzoreredza bhatiri anobatanidzwa zvishoma nezvishoma.

"Iyo marara padivi pemugwagwa, mukuwedzera pakudzokorodza uye isingagadzirike, yepakati yakasiiwawo kune bhatiri remarara". Izvi zvinoita kuti Wang Ziquen aone mukana. Anotenda kuti zvisinei nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, resource regeneration, inowanikwawo pakurasa bhatiri kudzoreredza kubva kuhupfumi.

"Dangerous waste pollution control technology policy" inotaura zvakajeka kuti pamberi pebhatiri rine mercury, cadmium yabviswa, maguta emararamiro emararamiro emararamiro emararamiro anofanira kugadza kuunganidza kuunganidza, kuchengetedza, zvivako zvekurapa, kutonga kunobudirira kwemabhatiri emarara; kusimudzirwa kwemabhatiri emarara Unganidza, dzivirira mercury, cadmium tsvina bhatiri yakasanganiswa munzvimbo dzekupisira marara edzimba. Kune mabhatiri emarara akagadzirwa, kune mamiriro ehupfumi uye ehunyanzvi, ipa pamberi pekushandisa kwavo zviwanikwa. Mugore rino, Wang Zixin akakwidza anopfuura mamirioni matatu yuan nehama neshamwari.

Yakagadzira Beijing Donghua Xinxin Waste Battery Recycling Center muYixian, Hebei Province. Ichi zvakare chigadziriso chekugadzirisa bhatiri marara mugore rekutanga munyika. Hurumende yakatangawo danho rinoenderana.

Kubva muna 1998, iyo Beijing Sanitation Dhipatimendi ine yakakosha bhatiri recycling mota, iyo ine basa rekuunganidza nekubvisa tsvina bhatiri, veruzhinji kana unit ye30 kilogiramu yemabhatiri emarara anogona kudzokororwa mahara. Aya mabhatiri emarara anozopedzisira atumirwa kumarara bhatiri raibhurari yeDaxing District Standfill. Nekudaro, iyi "nguva yakanaka" isingasviki makore maviri, ichamira nekuda kwenhevedzano yemitemo.

Muna Gumiguru 2003, madhipatimendi mashanu akadai seState Environmental Protection Administration akapihwa pamwe chete "Waste Battery Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology Policy", uye tarisiro yetsvina yebhatiri yakatemwa sebhatiri rechargeable uye bhatani bhatiri senge lithium ions, uye harina kukurudzira kuunganidzwa kwepakati yenyika yakaderera mercury kana Mercury-isina marara bhatiri. Nekuitwa kwehurumende "Mitemo paKumhanya kweMercury Zvemukati zveBattery Zvigadzirwa", mazhinji emabhatiri anoonekwa pamusika anoona yakaderera mercury kana mecury. Muna 2008, Ministry of Environmental Protection neNational Development and Reform Commission vakabatana vakaburitsa "National Hazardous Waste Directory" inoratidza kuti mabhatiri e nickel cadmium akaraswa uye mabhatiri emonocrecaline anogadzirwa muhupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva uye tsvina yemagetsi ine ngozi, nezvimwe.

, inogona kutarisirwa maererano nemarara ane ngozi. Izvi zvinobvumira mabhatiri emarara kuti ashandise zvakare mudhishi. Lu Yi, maneja mukuru weJin Guanyuan Community, Huilongguan Town, Changping District, agara aripo, uye maseru emarara munharaunda akaunganidza kubva kumarara ehupenyu, uye chiteshi chekutakura marara chakaunganidzwa, uye pakupedzisira chakatumirwa kuAowei marara.

Mutori wenhau uyu akabva aziva mumacells akawanda muguta iri kuti mabhatiri emarara anosanganiswawo nemarara emumba, haachaonekwi. Lu Jiangtao, director weSports Disffects yeBeijing Municipal Municipal Bureau, akasimbisa kuti kune nzira nhatu dzekurasira, kupisa uye compost yemarara epamba muBeijing. "Kurasa bhatiri nemarara emumba, hazvigone kuve compost, nzira yekupedzisira yekugadzira marara uye kupisa.

"Kukurukurirana pa" Yakagamuchirwa "Waste Battery Recycling Policy", "Haikurudzire centralized recycling", mushure mekubvunza nhevedzano yemitemo, nzira yekudzokorodza kana bhatiri remarara richidzokororwa, uye kupokana kunogara kuchiitika. "Kungodzora rudzi rwebhatiri chete, zvirinani kudzoreredza zvese", Beijing Normal University [microblogging] Ph.D.

mushure mekutarisa kwenguva refu kwekutsvaga kwezvakatipoteredza, inotenda kuti mabhatiri emarara aya akaiswa mumapoka uye anodzoreredzwa, kuitira kuti veruzhinji varasikirwe. Mao Da anonyanya kuda kutambisa bhatiri haina kukamurwa kuita mhando, ese akanyanya kudzokorodza. Akapa zvikonzero zvitatu: Kutanga, mabhatiri emarara ose ane ngozi dzakati dzemhoteredzo; chechipiri, zviwanikwa zvinogona kudzokororwa mubhatiri zvinogona kushandiswazve; pakupedzisira, nyika dzeEU dzakaedza chete kudzoreredza chete mercury, cadmium mabhatiri, "asi ivo ndakaona kuti iyi yemhando yekushanda haina kukwirira, zviri nani kupora zvese.

". Purofesa Tsinghua University Environmental College, mutevedzeri wemukuru weChina Environmental Society Solid Waste Subsidiary, Nie Yongfeng, anotsigirwa nebhatiri remarara iro risingadzokorore zviyero zvezvakatipoteredza, asi izvi zvinomuita kutya kutsva. "Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo ndeokuti mari yose yekudzikinura yakanyanyisa, asi izvo zvinodiwa hazvina kushandiswazve, uye pakupedzisira kuva mari yose,".

Nie Yongfeng anotenda kuti pane zvishoma zvekutengesa zvinowanikwa mumusika, asi nhamba yemabhatiri emagetsi anomiririrwa ne lithium bhatiri rinowanzoshandiswa nenharembozha, iyo inogona kushandiswa zvakare, kana ivo vakarasa nemarara epamba, ichaita Kugadzira marara makuru ekushandisa. Akataura kuti ingangoita indasitiri yebhatiri yazvino inogona kuita mucherechedzo wekutengesa link, zvichiratidza kuti kudzokorodza uye kusagadzirisika, uye zvikamu zvekudzokorodza zvakare zvinofanirwa kuve zvakabatana. "Kuita kuti veruzhinji vanzwisise, kwete kungoisa bhokisi rekudzokorodza, bhatiri ripi riri mukufamba".

Cao Guoqing, mutevedzeri wemunyori mukuru weChina Battery Industry Association, anotenda kuti marudzi ari kushandiswa zvakanyanya emabhatiri e lithium achakanganisa zvakanyanya nharaunda. Akavhiringika alkaline zinc manganese mabhatiri uye mamwe mabhatiri ekutengesa asvika kune mercury-isina chinodiwa, kubva pakuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza maonero, zvinotofanira kudzoreredza, "Iyo mercury yemukati mumabhatiri akadai ingori miriyoni zvikamu, izvo zvinopfuura miriyoni imwe muvhu. Izvo zvirimo zvakare zvidiki, asi anobvuma kuti marara bhatiri rinogona kuramba rakaiswa pakushandiswa kwezvinangwa zvekudzokorodza zvinangwa.

Kunyangwe bhatiri remarara rakadzoserwa, gakava rinosvika pakakwirira muna 2012. Musi waNdira 30, 2012, Du Shaozhong, mutevedzeri wemukuru weBeijing Environmental Protection Bureau, akati mune microblogging yayo, mune yayo microblogging, dambudziko remarara bhatiri rekurapa: tsvina nickel cadmium inogadzirwa nehupenyu hwezuva nezuva, iyo cottonoxide bhatiri haitungamirirwe zvinoenderana nemarara ane njodzi, yakapararira Kurapa nemarara epamba, hakuzokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Mamiriro ezvinhu aripo haakurudzire centralized collection processing.

Musi waKurume 18, Du Shaozhong akaronga musangano wehurumende pamusoro pematambudziko ebhatiri, uye vatori vechikamu vakasanganisirwa mumakoreji uye masangano nevakuru veBeijing Environmental Protection Agency. Pamusangano uyu, Mao Da anoiswa kubhatiri kuti adzore "moto". Akataura kuti nyika haina kuona mabhatiri anoshandiswa muhupenyu anga ari mercury uye asiri-cadmaking.

Pachine chikamu chikuru chemarara maseru emarara ane ngozi. Muna 2001, "Hazardous Waste Polishing Prevention and Treatment Technology Policy" inosimudzirwa nekuunganidza tsvina yebhatiri Inofanira kuramba ichishanda. Ndiani anouya ku "kuguma" marara bhatiri? Mapazi akakodzera ane maitiro akasiyana; kushandiswa kwebhatiri kwemarara kwakaoma kushandura "kilomita yekupedzisira" muBeijing, marara ekudzoreredza bhatiri anosanganisira National Development and Reform Commission, Transport Committee, Commercial Commission, Environmental Protection Bureau uye Municipal Help Committee.

Izvo zvakasiyanawo nemafungiro emabhatiri emarara. "Waste Battery Recycling Izvi zvichiri kusagadzikana kutaura, nekuti hapana kurapwa kwakanaka," Wang Dongpo, munhu akakodzera anoona nezveBeijing Sanitation Group Propaganda Dhipatimendi, akati kudzokorodza kuchaenderera mberi, nezvimwe. gadzirisana ne.

Muchokwadi, kubva muna 2002, Beijing Municipal Municipal Bureau yeCasit Committee yakapa Beijing Chechipiri Qing&39;an Sanitation Corporation kuti iite basa rakashandiswa rekudzoreredza bhatiri, uye yakagamuchira huwandu hwe1298.99 matani pakupera kwa2011. Zvinoenderana neruzivo rwakaburitswa muBeijing Environmental Protection Bureau, kwave nematani mazana matatu emabhatiri emarara kuTianjin, uye kurapwa kusingakuvadzi, mari inodarika mamirioni makumi mana nemaviri, uye inodarika 1800 yuan patani yekurapwa.

Muna 2014, Hurumende yeMunicipality yeBeijing ichachengetawo matani zana nemakumi matatu emabhatiri emarara akachengetwa munzvimbo yekurasira marara, uye akatumirwa kuTianjin kuti arapwe zvisina ngozi. Parizvino yakagadzirisa raibhurari yebhatiri yenzvimbo yekurasira, yakashandiswa semamwe matura. "Ini ndinogona kuvigwa pano chete, nekuti hapana kugona kuita," Wang Qingwen, Director wePublicity Dhipatimendi reBeijing Municipal Municipal Bureau, anotenda kuti bhatiri remarara harisi marara emumba, anofanira kukurudzira vanogadzira kuti vadzokorore.

“Dhipatimendi reIndustrial and Information Technology Dhipatimendi neCommercial Commission vanofanirwa kumanikidza kugadzirwa nekutengesa kwemugadziri, bhatiri remarara rinofanirwa kunge riri iro rinogadzira recycle. "Panyaya iyi, Cao Guoqing akataura kuti pari zvino pane mabhatiri e-lead-acid chete (bhatiri remotokari, bhatiri) ane ega ega ega ekugadzira marara bhatiri system yekudzoreredza, mamwe marudzi emabhatiri. Mutori wenhau weBeijing News akadanawo kuti Nanfu, Jinxiang, Shuanglu, uye vana vanogadzira mabhatiri, kunze kwevagadziri vatatu, vakati bhatiri rakagadzirwa harifanirwe kudzokororwa, rinogona kurapwa nemarara epamba.

Vashandi vebheteri vane simba vakati "vanhu vashomanana chete ndivo vane basa rekutengesa, havanzwisisi mamiriro acho ezvinhu". “Ukazviunganidza, ungava nengozi, ndezvebazi rekuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda. "Lu Jiangtao akataura kuti kupera kwemarara emudzimba kunonyanya kudzokororwa uye kudzoreredzwa zviwanikwa, hazvisanganisi kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, misika yemanisiparati uye madhipatimendi ekuchengetedza zvakatipoteredza madhipatimendi maviri, uye anoshuma kuhurumende yemunisiparati zvakateerana nezvedambudziko rekudzokorodza mabhatiri emarara.

"Kudzoreredza bhatiri remarara kuri kuitwa neMunicipal Municipal Boys Office, muchavabvunza", vashandi veBeijing Environmental Protection Bureau Mission Office Du Wei vakapindura. Vashandi vehofisi yeBeijing Municipal Commission vakati kunyangwe vachitora chikamu mukudzokorodza zviwanikwa, chikamu chikuru chebasa chiri muDevelopment and Reform Commission. Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission&39;s publicity department vashandi vakati basa richiri mubhatiri remarara, basa guru richiri mukomiti yebhizinesi, "bhatiri rekudzoreredza bhokisi dot basa riri rese, Development and Reform Commission yedu ine basa rekubatanidza, kukwidziridzwa kwepolicy uye kuita kwedhipatimendi, Hapana basa chairo.

"Ramba uine tariro" "Half Months" mumurume wemakore makumi masere; vanhu vanozvipira vanoomerera pakuunganidza mabhatiri emarara muna Gumiguru 19 gore rino, Shen Yunshi ane makore makumi masere nematanhatu, akazova "Beijing Daily" "Beijing Osse" column. Muna 2000, Shen Yunshi, makadhi akasiya basa eBeijing Information Science uye Technology University, vakadzidza kuti Nha. 5 bhatiri rakamuka rinogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwenyika uye pasi pevhu, uye chinhu chinokuvadza chinokuvadza kuhutano hwemunhu.

Akabvongodza mabhokisi anodarika gumi ekudzokorodza bhatiri kwehusiku humwe, akagadzikwa kunze kweimba yekurara yechikoro uye chivakwa chemhuri, uye akasarudza kuve "marara bhatiri recycling" anozvipira. Kubva ipapo, anounganidza bhatiri remarara hafu yemwedzi wega wega, rinotumirwa kunzvimbo yekutakurisa marara yeBeijing. Mumakore gumi nemashanu apfuura, Shen Yunshi akaunganidza nehuwandu hwemabhatiri emarara.

"As long as you can move, unenge uchizviita." Parizvino, Shen Yunshi achiri kuomerera pane yake "Half Monthly", maitiro ekuita nemabhatiri aya. “Handisati ndatambira, hakuna basa rakadaro.

"Musi wa26 Gumiguru, mutori wenhau weBeijing News akadana nzvimbo yeBeijing yekuunganidza marara, vashandi vepakati vakadaro. Kubva muhafu yechipiri yegore rapfuura, bhatiri rakaunganidzwa nemurume wekare waShen Yunshi rinopihwa kuna Wang Zhixin. Musi waGunyana 14, webhusaiti yeguta guru yakaunza "Discovery Battery Box" nharaunda yekuvaka sevhisi yekuzvipira mudunhu reXicheng, kubva munaGunyana 15, nharaunda yese yenharaunda dzese mudunhu, kubva munaGunyana 15 Vazvipiri vanogona kutora mifananidzo nekamera, nharembozha, nezvimwe.

Nekudaro, mushure mekupera kwechiitiko, Dunhu reXicheng rakadzora kubva mubhokisi rekutsvaga tsvina yebhatiri kuti ridzokorore bhatiri remarara, uye zvakare akaronga kudzoreredza kwakatevera. Muna 2010, hofisi yeCapital Civilization yakasarudza "Vanhu vakabatsira kune hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza" mukati meguta, uye iyo chete yakakurudzirwa quota yekanzuru yemusika gallery komiti yakapa Wang Zi Xin. Kunyangwe bhatiri yake yekurapa bhatiri, akamanikidzwa kuvhara nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekusvibiswa kwakakonzerwa nehunyanzvi hwekukura.

Musi wa25 Gumiguru, Beijing Sanitation Group mabhizinesi ari pasi peBeijing Jinghuan City Mineral Resources Development Co., Ltd., United King&39;s Beijing Donghua Xinxin Waste Battery Recycling Center, muFengtai District Fangzhuang Organisation Resource yekudzokorodza mabasa ekuzivisa, anenge makirogiramu maviri emabhatiri emarara.

"Omerera kune zvazvino, ramba uine tariro", Wang Zicxin agara achisimbirira pabasa rake rekutsvaira bhatiri, uye achiri nemubhadharo wako wega kuhaya chirimwa chemarara muWei Shanzhuang mudunhu reDaxing, sebhatiri rekuchengetedza. Muimba yekuchengetera yaWang Zixin, kune anopfuura mazana matatu ematani emabhatiri emarara, anopfuura mamirioni makumi maviri emitambo. Wang Zizhong anofungidzira kuti gore rimwe chete gore rapfuura, akawana anopfuura matani makumi mashanu emabhatiri emarara, achitora chikamu che1% chehuwandu hwemabhatiri emarara gore rapfuura.

Vanoita sei nemabhatiri emarara: Vagadziri vebhatiri vanobhadhara kuunganidza mabhatiri emarara, kurapwa uye kushandiswa kwecyclic. United States, South Korea: Enterprise tsvina yebhatiri yekugadzira tekinoroji yakakura, hurumende inoitisa zviwanikwa kugadzirisa. Japan: Bhatiri remarara rinounganidzwa rakaparadzana sechinhu chisingabatike chekurasa marara.

China: Waste Battery inotakurwa kuenda kuSouth Korea nedzimwe nyika kuti igadziriswe. .