Misalin aminci, matakan kariyar baturin lithium-ion da dalilan fashewa

著者：Iflowpower – Nhà cung cấp trạm điện di động

Batirin lithium shine tsarin batir mafi sauri a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata kuma a halin yanzu ana amfani da shi sosai a samfuran lantarki. Wayoyin hannu na baya-bayan nan, fashewar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da gaske fashewar baturi. Wace irin wayar hannu da batirin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ke aiki, yadda ake aiki, dalilin fashewa, yadda ake hana fashewa.

Bayan da aka caje ainihin baturin lithium ion zuwa ƙarfin da ya fi 4.2V, zai fara bayyana. Matsakaicin cajin yana da girma, kuma haɗarin kuma ya fi girma.

Bayan ƙarfin baturi na lithium ya haura 4.2V, ragowar adadin atom ɗin lithium a cikin tabbataccen kayan lantarki bai wuce rabi ba, kuma kayan ajiyar kayan aiki sau da yawa yana faɗuwa, ta yadda ƙarfin baturi ya sami raguwa na dindindin. Idan ya ci gaba da caji, tun da tafki na gurɓataccen lantarki ya cika da zarra na lithium, ƙarfe na lithium na gaba zai taru a saman abubuwan da ba su da kyau.

Wadannan kwayoyin zarra na lithium za a yi reshen crystallization daga alkiblar da ba ta da kyau zuwa ion lithium. Waɗannan lu&39;ulu&39;u na ƙarfe na lithium za su wuce ta takarda diaphragm don yin gajerun da&39;ira masu inganci da mara kyau. Wani lokaci baturin da ke gaban guntun da’ira zai fara fashewa da farko saboda kayan kamar aikin cajin da ake yi, da electrolyte da sauran kayan za su fashe iskar, ta yadda gidan batirin ko bawul ɗin matsa lamba ya karye, wanda hakan zai ba da damar iskar oxygen shigar da sinadarin atom ɗin na lithium a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, shi kuma ya fashe.

Don haka, lokacin da aka yi cajin baturin lithium ion, dole ne a saita shi don saita iyakar ƙarfin lantarki a lokaci guda don yin la&39;akari da rayuwa, ƙarfin aiki, da amincin baturin. Mafi kyawun cajin ƙarfin lantarki shine 4.2V.

Dole ne a sami iyakar ƙarfin lantarki lokacin da batirin lithium ya cika. Wasu kayan za su lalace lokacin da ƙarfin baturi ya kasa 2.4V.

Hakanan saboda baturin zai zama mai fitar da kansa, mafi tsayin ƙarfin lantarki yana raguwa, don haka yana da kyau kada a saka shi har sai 2.4V lokacin da aka cire. Ana cire baturin lithium ion daga 3.

0V zuwa 2.4V, kuma makamashin da aka fitar ya kai kusan kashi 3% na ƙarfin baturi. Saboda haka, 3.

0V shine ingantaccen wutar lantarki mai yankewa. A lokacin caji da fitarwa, ban da iyakar ƙarfin lantarki, iyakar halin yanzu shima wajibi ne. Lokacin da halin yanzu ya yi girma, ion lithium ba ya shiga grid ɗin ajiya, wanda zai tara a saman kayan.

Bayan wadannan ions lithium sun kasance ta hanyar lantarki, lithium atomic crystallization yana faruwa a saman kayan, wanda yayi daidai da cajin da ya wuce kima, wanda zai iya haifar da haɗari. A wajen tsaga, zai fashe. Don haka, ya kamata a haɗa kariyar batir lithium ion: iyakar babba na ƙarfin caji, iyakar fitarwa, da iyakar babba na halin yanzu.

Gabaɗaya, ban da tantanin batirin lithium-ion, za a sami farantin kariya, wanda ke da mahimmanci don samar da waɗannan kariya guda uku. Koyaya, kariya guda uku na kariyar ba shakka ba ta isa ba, kuma fashewar batirin lithium-ion na duniya har yanzu tarihin rayuwa ne. Don tabbatar da amincin tsarin baturi, dole ne ka yi bincike mai zurfi game da fashewar baturin.

Fashewa yana haifar da: 1, polarization na ciki; 2, matsananci sha tef, reactive drum tare da electrolyte; 3, ingancin, matsalar aiki na electrolyte kanta; 5, da Laser waldi sealing yi a cikin taro tsari ne matalauta, yayyo lokacin da nutsewa ne leaked; 6, ƙura, ƙurar iyakacin duniya na farko yana haifar da sauƙi micro-gajeren kewaye; 7, kyawawan sanduna masu kyau da marasa kyau sun fi girma fiye da tsarin tsari, harsashi yana da wuya; 8, bayanin kula Liquid sealing matsala, karfe ball sealing yi ba shi da kyau don haifar da gas drum; 9, kayan gida yana wanzuwa kauri, kauri na nakasar gidaje; 10, yanayin zafi na waje shima muhimmin dalilin fashewa ne. Nau&39;in nau&39;in fashewar nau&39;in fashewar fashewar baturi za a iya taƙaita shi azaman gajeriyar kewayawa ta waje, gajeriyar kewayawa, da nau&39;ikan caji uku. Tsarin waje a nan yana nufin waje na baturi, wanda ya haɗa da gajerun kewayawa da ke haifar da ƙarancin ƙira a cikin fakitin baturi.

Lokacin da ɗan gajeren kewayawa ya kasance a waje da tantanin baturi, ɓangaren lantarki ba ya yanke, kuma ciki na baturin zai sami zafi mai yawa, wanda zai haifar da wani ɓangaren electrolyte mai tururi, kuma yana tallafawa harsashin baturi. Lokacin da zafin jiki na cikin baturi ya kai digiri 135 a ma&39;aunin celcius, ingancin diaphragm yana rufewa, aikin lantarki na lantarki yana ƙarewa ko kusa da ƙarewa, abin da ke cikin yanzu yana raguwa, kuma zafin jiki yana raguwa a hankali, wanda hakan zai hana fashewa. Duk da haka, ƙimar rufewar ramin mai kyau ya yi rauni sosai, ko ramin mai kyau ba ya rufe takardar diaphragm, wanda zai ci gaba da tashi, ƙarin electrolyte, da kuma kammala gidan baturi, har ma ƙara yawan zafin baturi don yin zafin baturi 燃 并 da fashewa.

Wurin gajeriyar kewayawa na ciki yana da mahimmanci saboda foil ɗin jan ƙarfe yana jan membrane na foil na aluminum, ko kuma rassan atom na lithium suna sa diaphragm. Waɗannan allura masu kyau na iya haifar da ƙananan gajerun kewayawa. Tun da allurar tana da kyau sosai, akwai ƙimar juriya, sabili da haka, halin yanzu ba lallai bane.

Copper aluminum foil manne yana haifar da tsarin samarwa. Kuma saboda kurakuran ya yi kadan, wani lokacin ma sai ya kone, ta yadda batirin zai dawo daidai. Saboda haka, yuwuwar fashewar fashewar burrs ba ta da yawa.

Ta wannan hanyar, yana yiwuwa a sami ɗan gajeren baturi a ciki daga ciki na kowane ɗayan sel. Koyaya, lamarin fashewar ya faru, amma an sami goyan bayan ƙididdiga. Saboda haka, fashewar da ke haifar da gajerun da&39;irori na ciki yana da mahimmanci saboda yawan caji.

Domin, siffa ce ta lithium karfe crystallization, kuma shi ne micro-short kewaye. Sabili da haka, zafin baturi zai ƙaru a hankali, kuma a ƙarshe babban zafin jiki zai haifar da iskar gas. Wannan yanayin, ko yana da tsayi da yawa don yin fashewar abu mai ƙonewa, ko kuma an fara karye harsashi na waje, don haka iskar da aka saka a ciki da ƙarfe na lithium, fashewa ne.

Koyaya, wannan fashewar da ke haifar da wuce gona da iri na gajeriyar da&39;ira ba lallai ba ne ya faru a lokacin caji. Yana yiwuwa zafin baturin bai yi girma ba don barin kayan ya ƙone. Lokacin da iskar gas ya bayyana, mabukaci bai isa ya karya gidan batir ba, mabukaci zai ƙare caji, tare da wayar hannu ta fita.

A wannan lokacin, zafi na yawancin ƙananan gajerun da&39;irori, sannu a hankali yana ƙara yawan zafin baturin, bayan wani lokaci, kawai fashewa. Bayanin gama gari na mabukaci shine ya ɗauki wayar ya gano cewa wayar tana da zafi, sannan ta fashe. Wasu nau&39;ikan fashe-fashe, za mu iya sanya hujjar fashewa akan rigakafi, rigakafin gajeriyar da&39;ira na waje, da inganta amincin baturi abubuwa uku.

Daga cikin su, rigakafin overchalten da rigakafin gajeriyar kewayawa na waje suna cikin kariyar lantarki, kuma suna da babbar alaƙa da ƙirar tsarin batir da fakitin baturi. Mayar da hankali na inganta amincin wutar lantarki shine kariyar sinadarai da injiniyoyi, wanda ke da babban alaƙa da masana&39;anta na baturi. Matsalolin tsaro na aminci batura lithium-ion mai haɗari ba kawai suna da alaƙa da yanayin kayan tafkin ba, har ma suna da alaƙa da fasahar shirya baturi da amfani.

Baturin wayar hannu yana da abubuwan fashewa akai-akai, a gefe guda, saboda gazawar da&39;irar kariyar, amma mafi mahimmanci, babu wata mahimmanci ga kayan. Lithium cobalt-cobaltate tsarin balagagge ne, amma bayan an cika cajin, har yanzu akwai adadi mai yawa na ion lithium don zama a cikin ingantacciyar lantarki. Lokacin da aka cika shi, ions lithium da suka rage a cikin ingantacciyar lantarki za su yi tururuwa zuwa wutar lantarki mara kyau.

Mummunan lantarki da ke samar da dendride wani makawa ne sakamakon baturi mara makawa tare da baturin kayan lithium cobaltate. Ko da a cikin tsarin caji da fitarwa na yau da kullun, ana iya samun wuce gona da iri na lithium ion kyauta zuwa gurɓataccen lantarki don samar da dendrites, da kayan lithium cobaltate. Makamashi ya fi 270 mA a kowace gram, amma don tabbatar da aikin sake zagayowar sa, ainihin ƙarfin amfani shine rabin ƙarfin ka&39;idar.

Lokacin amfani da shi, saboda wasu dalilai (kamar lalacewar tsarin gudanarwa), ƙarfin cajin baturi ya yi yawa, kuma wani ɓangaren lithium da ya rage a cikin tabbataccen lantarki zai fitar da cewa ana ajiye electrolyte a cikin nau&39;in lithium na ƙarfe a cikin nau&39;in karfe. Dendritic manna diaphragm don samar da gajeriyar da&39;ira ta ciki. Muhimman abubuwan da ke cikin electrolyte shine carbonate, wurin walƙiya yana da ƙasa sosai, wurin tafasa kuma yana da ƙasa, kuma zai ƙone ko fashe a wasu yanayi.

Idan akwai zafi fiye da kima na baturi, zai iya haifar da carbonates a cikin electrolyte su zama oxidized da dawo da su, akwai iskar gas mai yawa da kuma ƙarin zafi, kamar rashin lafiyan bawul ko gas ba a saki ta hanyar batir mai aminci, matsawar baturi zai tashi sosai kuma ya haifar da fashewa. Batirin lithium-ion na polymer electrolyte ba ya warware matsalolin aminci da gaske, da kuma lithium cobaltate da Organic electrolyte, kuma electrolyte shine gel, ba shi da sauƙi don zubewa, kuma ƙarin konewar tashin hankali zai faru, konewa shine amincin batirin polymer Mafi matsala. Akwai kuma wasu matsalolin da ake amfani da su, kuma za a sami gajeriyar kewayawa ko na ciki a cikin baturi.

Batir na ɗan gajeren lokaci na waje fitarwa na yanzu, yana cinye ƙarfi da yawa a cikin toshe na ciki, babban zafi. Gajerun da&39;ira na cikin gida yana samar da babban magudanar ruwa, kuma yawan zafin jiki yana haifar da narkewa, kuma an faɗaɗa guntun da&39;irar, wanda hakan ya haifar da da&39;irar mugu. Batirin lithium-ion babban ƙarfin aiki ne na 3 zuwa 4.

2V zuwa baturi daya. Wajibi ne a dauki wani bayani na baya yana da karfin bazuwar wutar lantarki fiye da 2V, kuma kwayar halitta za ta zama electrolyte a karkashin babban halin yanzu da zafin jiki, kuma ana samar da iskar gas. Sakamakon matsanancin matsin lamba na ciki, mai tsananin karya gidaje.

Yawan caji na iya haifar da lithium na ƙarfe, a yanayin fashe a cikin gidaje, hulɗar kai tsaye tare da iska, wanda ke haifar da konewa, da kuma haɗa electrolyte, harshen wuta mai ƙarfi, faɗaɗa sauri, fashewa. Bugu da kari, akwai gajeren zangon baturi saboda rashin amfani da rashin amfani da bai dace ba, kamar matsi, tasiri da ruwa da sauransu, wanda zai iya haifar da gajeriyar kewaya batir, exotherm a fitarwa ko tsarin caji.

Tsaron batirin lithium-ion: Don hana yawan zubar da batir ko caji saboda rashin amfani, ana samar da tsarin kariya sau uku a cikin baturin lithium ion monomer. Na farko, ana amfani da kashi mai sauyawa. Lokacin da zafin jiki a cikin baturi ya tashi, juriyarsa yana ƙaruwa, lokacin da zafin jiki ya yi yawa, wutar lantarki ta atomatik yana tsayawa; na biyu shi ne don zaɓar kayan da ya dace, lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi zuwa wani ƙima, Makirifo na microphone akan partition za a narkar da kai tsaye, ta yadda lithium ion ba zai iya wucewa ba, an dakatar da amsawar ciki; na uku shine samar da bawul ɗin aminci (wato, matsa lamba na ciki na baturin ya tashi zuwa wani ƙima, bawul ɗin aminci yana buɗewa ta atomatik don tabbatar da amincin baturin.

Wani lokaci, ko da yake baturin kanta yana da matakan kula da tsaro, saboda wasu dalilai da ke haifar da gazawar, rashin lafiyar bawuloli ko gas ba kamar haka ba ne ta hanyar sakin bawul ɗin tsaro, compressor a cikin baturin zai tashi da sauri kuma ya haifar da fashewa. Gabaɗaya, jimlar makamashi da amincin batirin lithium ion sun bambanta, tare da sabon ƙarfin baturi, ƙarfin baturi kuma yana ƙaruwa, aikin watsawar zafi ya lalace, kuma yiwuwar haɗari zai ƙaru sosai. Game da baturan lithium-ion don wayoyin hannu, ainihin buƙatun ɗaya ne daga cikin yuwuwar haɗarin haɗari, wanda kuma shine ƙaramin ma&39;auni da jama&39;a za su iya karɓa.

Game da baturan lithium-ion masu girma, musamman motoci, da sauransu, tilasta watsewar zafi, musamman mahimmanci. Zaɓi kayan lantarki mafi aminci, zaɓi kayan manganate na lithium, kuma tabbatar da cewa lithium ion na ingantacciyar wutar lantarki yana cikin madaidaicin buɗaɗɗen wutar lantarki a cikin cikakken iko.

A lokaci guda kuma, akwai ingantaccen tsarin lithium manganate, ta yadda oxidative Properties sun fi ƙasa da lithium cobaltate, kuma bazuwar zafin jiki ya wuce lithium cobaltate 100 ° C, ko da saboda gajeriyar da&39;ira ta ciki (acupuncture), gajeriyar kewayawa ta waje, lokacin da aka cika caji, yana da cikakken iya Hana haɗarin ƙonewa, fashewar ƙarfe. Bugu da ƙari, kayan manganate na lithium kuma za&39;a iya ragewa sosai. Haɓaka aikin fasahar sarrafa aminci da ke akwai, da farko haɓaka aikin amincin batirin lithium-ion, wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga manyan batura masu ƙarfi.

Zaɓin diaphragm tare da kyakkyawan aikin rufewar thermal, yin amfani da diaphragm shine ya wuce ta tabbataccen lantarki da mara kyau na baturi, yana ba da izinin wucewar ions lithium. Lokacin da zafin jiki ya tashi, ana rufe shi kafin diaphragm ya narke, ta haka ya tashi juriya na ciki zuwa 2000 ohms, ta yadda abin da ke ciki ya tsaya. Lokacin da matsa lamba na ciki ko zafin jiki ya kai ga ka&39;idodin da aka saita, bawul ɗin da ke tabbatar da fashewa zai buɗe, fara yin matsa lamba, kuma iskar gas na ciki ya gaji sosai, nakasar, ƙarshe yana haifar da fashe gidaje.

Inganta ƙwarewar kulawa, zaɓi ƙarin sigogi masu mahimmanci da kulawar haɗin gwiwa tare da sigogi da yawa (wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga batura masu ƙarfi). Dangane da fakitin batirin lithium-ion mai girma yana da kirtani / haɗin kai, kamar kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka tana da ƙarfin lantarki na 10V, ƙarfin yana da girma, kuma ana iya gamsu da buƙatun ƙarfin lantarki tare da sel guda 3 zuwa 4, sannan 2 ~ 3 jerin fakitin baturi suna layi ɗaya don tabbatar da babban ƙarfin. Fakitin baturi mai girma da kanta dole ne ya saita ƙarin cikakken kariya, amma kuma yayi la&39;akari da nau&39;ikan allon kewayawa guda biyu: ƙirar allon kewayawa da tsarin SmartBatteryGaugeboard.

Dukkanin saitin kariyar baturi ya haɗa da: Mataki na 1 Kariya IC (Hana yawan cajin baturi, over-Press, Short Circuit), Mataki na 2 Kariya IC (Hana 2nd Overstall), Fuse, Alamar LED, Daidaita Zazzabi. A karkashin tsarin kariya masu yawa, har ma a yanayin rashin daidaituwa a cikin cajar wutar lantarki, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka tana da matsala, baturin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka za a iya canza shi zuwa kariya ta atomatik, idan yanayin bai yi tsanani ba, sau da yawa yana aiki daidai bayan sake haɗawa, babu fashewa. .