I-Photovoltaic kugridi yokulayisha "yedada", isitoreji samandla ebhethri siyindlela ethembisa kakhulu "yedada elosiwe"

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - 휴대용 전원소 공급업체

Iwebhusayithi yeForbes ishicilela isihloko sikaDavidCarlin, isihloko sithi: THSOLARREVOLUTIONISCOMING: Duck! Umusho odlule usho ukuthi "i-solar revolution iyeza", lapha Idada liphindwe kabili: uhlangothi olulodwa lubhekisela kumthwalo "idada" ijika elethwe yi-solar photovoltaic, enye i-Aspect, ibhekisela endleleni yokugxila kule jika ledada. Ngenkathi i-California Independent System Operator (CAISO) ihlolwa ngesikhathi ukukhiqizwa kukagesi kanye nesidingo e-California, "idada" latholwa okokuqala ngqa. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, opharetha begridi kazwelonke abahlukahlukene baye baba ngompetha imodeli yokubikezela yesidingo, futhi bangahlela ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngendlela efanele ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kwe-solar photovoltaic ukubukeka kwengeze isici esisha ekubalweni kwesidingo. Ngokungafani nogesi wamalahle, amandla enuzi kanye namandla egesi yemvelo, amandla elanga "awashintsheki", okusho ukuthi awakwazi ukwengeza noma ukuncipha ngokuthanda kwakhe. Kunalokho, amandla elanga ancike esimweni sezulu, inkathi kanye nesikhathi.

I-solar intermittent isho ukuthi abaphathi begridi kufanele bacabange kabusha ukuthi zisetshenziswa kanjani izimboni zamandla ezijwayelekile. Uma amandla elanga ekhula, siyancipha isidingo sezitshalo zamandla ezivamile (ezibizwa ngokuthi "net load"). Ngosuku olujwayelekile, imephu yokulayisha inetha ibukeka njengedada.

Ekuseni, nge-inthanethi ye-solar photovoltaic (Amadada), umthwalo wenetha uyehla. Lapho ilanga linamandla kakhulu (isisu sedada), umthwalo wenetha usemini. Khona-ke, kusihlwa, ngokuncipha kwamandla elanga kanye nokwanda okusha kwesidingo samandla jikelele, umthwalo wenetha ukhula ngokushesha.

Ekugcineni, lapho abantu belele (ikhanda ledada), umthwalo wenetha uyehla. Ngokukhula okusha kwamandla elanga, isisu sedada sizojula, intamo iba yinde. Lokhu kubukeka njengedada elinobungani ukwenza igridi yekhanda elibuhlungu.

Imishini yokuphehla amandla eyisisekelo (njengamalahle kanye) nokwakhiwa kufanele iqhubeke nokusebenza. Uma ubukhona bedada, vala lezi zitshalo zamandla eziyisisekelo zomthwalo emini, bese ugijima kusihlwa kunzima futhi kuyabiza. Umlawuli wegridi uvame ukuncika kugesi yemvelo njengesikhungo samandla sephedi eliphakeme ukuze sibhekane noshintsho esimeni esidingekayo, kodwa izitshalo eziningi zegesi yemvelo ziseqophelweni eliphezulu kuphela, futhi zisebenza ngempumelelo kwezomnotho emnothweni nakubathengi.

Ukwengeza, ukushintshashintsha okukhulu komthwalo wenetha kuzolimaza ingqalasizinda yegridi. Isixazululo sesibili "ukunciphisa" amandla elanga, ukunciphisa amandla elanga egridi kugridi, kodwa lokhu kuzophumela ekumoshweni okuningi kwamandla avuselelekayo. Singakwazi "ukupheka leli dada"? Nakuba ukusetshenziswa kokusetshenziswa kwe-solar photovoltaic kunenselele, kunezixazululo eziningi eziphumelelayo.

Okokuqala, ngokudala uhlelo olukhudlwana lwegridi, ungenza amandla elanga ezindaweni eziningi, ungakwazi ukuhlehlisa umthwalo omkhulu ngezinga elithile. Okwesibili, ukusungula indlela yokukhuthaza imakethe ngesikhathi sangempela nakho kuzosiza. Njengamanje, abathengi nezinkampani zithenga ugesi ngentengo ephakathi.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinguquko ekuhlinzekeni nasekufuneni, inani lentengo likagesi lishintsha kakhulu. Uma isidingo sisisikhulu, igridi ehlakaniphile yokubeka amanani esikhathi sangempela izokhokhisa izikweletu zikagesi zakusihlwa. Lesi signali senani singase sikhuthaze abantu ukuthi behlise ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi samanani aphezulu kagesi, kuncishiswe ukuhlinzwa okudingekayo.

Ngokufanayo, intengo yesikhathi sangempela izovumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bathengise amandla kagesi kugridi ngentengo efanelekile, behlise ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa kwamandla amaningi. Izintengo zesikhathi sangempela nazo zingahlanganiswa nezinyathelo zokonga amandla. Ngokukhethekile, abathengi banemikhiqizo ephezulu yokusebenzisa amandla, futhi benza izinto eziningi ngamandla amancane.

Kusukela ngo-1980, umkhiqizo wasekhaya wase-US ukhuphuke cishe ngama-200%, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kukhuphuke ngaphansi kwama-50%. Ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle futhi inciphisa ingcindezi kugridi. Igcina abasebenzisi unyaka kubasebenzisi.

US $ 100. Ekuphakeleni kukagesi, ama-opharetha wegridi angasebenzisa idatha enkulu nokufunda komshini ukuze abikezele kangcono izinguquko zokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe belanga obuhlukile bungadlala nokusetshenziswa.

I-Spotting Solar Power Generation (CSP) isebenzisa izibuko ukuze igxile, ukushisa amanzi kanye nokushayela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ophephela emhlane, ukukhiqiza amandla aguquguqukayo amaningi, kunganezela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ngokusebenza ezifundeni ezahlukene kanye nezikhathi ezihlukene. Kusukela kobunye ubuchwepheshe bamandla avuselelekayo obufana nama-biofuels, amandla olwandle, azoqhubeka nokukhuphuka, okusiza ukuzuza ukuhlukahluka kwezakhiwo zamandla ahlanzekile. Okokugcina, amandla ebhethri ayindlela ethembisa kakhulu "yedada elosiwe".

Manje, ubuchwepheshe obusha bebhethri buzuza isitoreji samandla esikhulu ngentengo efanelekile. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, intengo yebhethri yehle cishe ngo-90%. Ochwepheshe abaningi bacabanga ukuthi lesi yisiqalo nje.

Umbiko we-Woodmackenzie kulindeleke ukuthi ukugcinwa kwamandla kuzokhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-1300% phakathi kuka-2018-12024. Abahlaziyi be-UBS balinganisela ukuthi ngo-2030 imboni yokugcina amandla amandla ingase ibize cishe ama-5 trillion US dollars. Uma "iminyaka engu-10 yamandla elanga" ngawo-1960, khona-ke ama-1920 cishe "iminyaka engu-10 yokugcina amandla ebhethri", ukuthuthukiswa okunjalo kuzokwenza abakhiqizi belanga bagcine amandla, futhi bawakhulule lapho befuna.

Kugridi, ngizoxazulula inkinga yedada endaweni eyodwa kubo bonke.