I-Photovoltaic kwigridi "yedada" yomthwalo ijika, ukugcinwa kwamandla ebhetri yeyona ndlela ithembisayo "yedada elosiweyo"

Автор: Iflowpower – Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

Iwebhusayithi yeForbes ipapasha inqaku elithi DavidCarlin, isihloko sithi: THSOLARREVOLUTIONISCOMING: Dada! Isivakalisi sangaphambili sithetha "i-revolution yelanga iyeza", apha iDada liphindwe kabini: elinye icala libhekisela kumthwalo "idada" ijika eliziswe yi-solar photovoltaic, enye i-Aspect, ibhekisela kwindlela yokugxila kwi-curve yedada. Xa iCalifornia Independent System Operator (CAISO) yavavanywa xa imveliso yombane kunye nemfuno eCalifornia, "idada" lafunyanwa okokuqala. Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlulileyo, oomatshini begridi besizwe abahlukeneyo baye bakwazi ukuqikelela imodeli yemfuno, kwaye banokucwangcisa ukuveliswa kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana nemfuno nangaliphi na ixesha.

Nangona kunjalo, ukubonakala kwembonakalo ye-solar photovoltaic yongeze umlinganiso omtsha ekubaleni kwemfuno. Ngokungafaniyo nombane wamalahle, amandla enyukliya kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla egesi yendalo, amandla elanga "awanakuguquguquka", okuthetha ukuba akanako ukongeza okanye ukuncipha ngokuthanda kwakhe. Endaweni yoko, amandla elanga axhomekeke kwimozulu, ixesha lonyaka kunye nexesha.

I-Solar intermittent ithetha ukuba abaphathi begridi kufuneka baphinde baqwalasele indlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo zombane eziqhelekileyo. Okukhona amandla elanga ekhula, kokukhona isezantsi imfuno yezityalo zamandla zesiqhelo (ezibizwa ngokuba "ngumthwalo womnatha"). Ngosuku oluqhelekileyo, imephu yomthwalo womnatha ibonakala njengedada.

Ekuseni, kunye ne-solar photovoltaic Internet (Amadada), umthwalo womnatha uyancipha. Xa ilanga lilelona linamandla (isisu sedada), umthwalo womnatha usemini emaqanda. Emva koko, ngokuhlwa, kunye nokuhla kwamandla elanga kunye nokunyuka okutsha kwimfuno yonke yamandla, umthwalo womnatha ukhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ekugqibeleni, xa abantu belele (intloko yedada), umthwalo womnatha uyehla. Ngokunyuka okutsha kwamandla elanga, isisu sedada siya kuba nzulu, intamo ithatha ixesha elide. Oku kubonakala kuphela njengedada elinobuhlobo ukwenza intloko yokucwangcisa igridi.

Izixhobo zombane ezisisiseko (ezifana namalahle kunye) nolwakhiwo kufuneka luqhubeke ukusebenza. Ukuba ubukho bedada, vala ezi zixhobo zombane ezisisiseko zomthwalo emini, ngoko ukuqhuba ngokuhlwa kunzima kwaye kuyabiza. Umlawuli wegridi ngokuqhelekileyo uxhomekeke kwigesi yendalo njengeyona ndawo iphakamileyo yokuvelisa amandla okujongana nokutshintsha kwemfuno, kodwa izityalo ezininzi zegesi yendalo ziphezulu kuphela, kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kuqoqosho kunye nabathengi.

Ukongeza, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kumthwalo womnatha kuya konakalisa isiseko segridi. Isisombululo sesibini kukuba "sinqumle" amandla elanga, ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamandla elanga kwigridi kwigridi, kodwa oku kuya kubangela inkunkuma eninzi yamandla avuselelekayo. Ngaba "singalipheka eli dada"? Nangona ukusetyenziswa kokusetyenziswa kwe-photovoltaic yelanga kunomngeni, kukho izisombululo ezininzi ezisebenzayo.

Okokuqala, ngokwenza inkqubo yegridi enkulu, unokwenza amandla elanga kwiindawo ezininzi, unokugudisa umthwalo ophakamileyo kwinqanaba elithile. Okwesibini, ukuseka indlela yokwenyani yemalike yenkuthazo nako kuya kunceda. Okwangoku, abathengi kunye neenkampani zithenga umbane ngexabiso eliphakathi.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yotshintsho kubonelelo kunye nemfuno, ixabiso lendawo lombane litshintsha kakhulu. Xa imfuno iyeyona inkulu, igridi yexabiso lexesha lokwenyani iya kuhlawulisa amatyala amaninzi ombane wangokuhlwa. Lo mqondiso wexabiso unokwenza abantu banciphise ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lamaxabiso aphezulu ombane, ukunciphisa utyando olufunekayo.

Ngokufanayo, ixabiso lexesha langempela liya kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuba bathengise amandla ombane kwigridi ngexabiso elifanelekileyo, banciphise imveliso engaphezulu ngexesha lonikezelo lwamandla olugqithisileyo. Amaxabiso exesha langempela anokudityaniswa namanyathelo okusebenza kwamandla. Ngokukodwa, abathengi banemveliso ephezulu yokusebenza kwamandla, kwaye benza izinto ezininzi ngamandla amancinci.

Ukususela ngo-1980, imveliso yasekhaya yase-US inyuke phantse ngama-200%, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuye kwanda ngaphantsi kwe-50%. Kukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwigridi. Igcina abasebenzisi unyaka kubasebenzisi.

US $ 100. Kunikezelo lwamandla, abaqhubi begridi banokusebenzisa idatha enkulu kunye nokufunda komatshini ukuqikelela ngcono ukubonelela kunye nokutshintsha kweemfuno. Ukongeza, itekhnoloji eyahlukeneyo yelanga nayo inokudlala ukusetyenziswa.

I-Spotting Solar Power Generation (CSP) isebenzisa izibuko ukugxila, ukufudumeza amanzi kunye nokuqhuba ukuveliswa kwamandla e-turbine, ukuvelisa amandla ahlengahlengiswayo, kunokuncedisa ukuveliswa kwamandla e-photovoltaic ngokusebenza kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo kunye namaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ukusuka kobunye ubuchwepheshe bamandla ahlaziyekayo obufana ne-biofuels, amandla olwandle, aya kuqhubeka nokunyuka, nto leyo enceda ukufezekisa ukuhlukahluka kwezakhiwo zamandla acocekileyo. Okokugqibela, amandla ebhetri yeyona ndlela ithembisayo "yedada elosiweyo".

Ngoku, itekhnoloji entsha yebhetri ifezekisa ugcino olukhulu lwamandla ngexabiso elifanelekileyo. Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, ixabiso lebhetri lehle malunga ne-90%. Iingcali ezininzi zicinga ukuba esi sisiqalo nje.

Ingxelo ye-Woodmakenzie kulindeleke ukuba ukugcinwa kwamandla kuya kunyuka ngaphezu kwe-1300% phakathi kwe-2018-12024. Abahlalutyi be-UBS baqikelela ukuba ngo-2030 ishishini lokugcina amandla lingaxabisa phantse i-5 yetriliyoni zeedola zaseMelika. Ukuba "iminyaka eyi-10 yamandla elanga" kwiminyaka ye-1960, ngoko i-1920 inokuthi "iminyaka eyi-10 yokugcina amandla ebhetri", uphuhliso olunjalo luya kwenza ukuba abavelisi belanga bagcine amandla, kwaye bakhulule xa befuna.

Kwigridi, ndiya kuyicombulula ingxaki yedada kwelinye kubo bonke.