Izibonelo zokuphepha, ukutholwa kanye nesixazululo samabhethri e-lithium-ion

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Portable Power Station supplementum

Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa yezingozi ezibangelwa ukuphepha kwebhethri, kunezinkinga eziningi ezibangelwa imiphumela yenkinga, njengembonini eshaqisayo i-Boeing 787 fantasy indiza yabagibeli i-lithium-ion battery fire event, kanye ne-Samsunggalaxynote7 ama-bootstick ebhethri amakhulu, kuya kumabhethri e-lithium ion Inkinga yokuphepha izwakala futhi. I. Ukwakheka kanye nesimiso sokusebenza samabhethri e-lithium ion kubalulekile kusukela ku-electrode eqondile, i-electrode engalungile, i-electrolyte, i-diaphragm, nokuxhumana kwangaphandle, kanye nelungu lokupakisha.

Phakathi kwazo, i-electrode enhle, i-electrode engalungile ihlanganisa izinto ezisebenzayo ze-electrode, i-agent conductive, i-binder, noma okufanayo, isetshenziswe ngokulinganayo ku-foil yethusi kanye noketshezi lokuhlushwa lwe-aluminium foil. I-electrode enhle yebhethri ye-lithium-ion iphezulu, imvamisa i-lithium transition metal oxide ehlanganisiwe, noma inhlanganisela ye-polyanionic efana ne-lithium cobaltate, i-lithium manganenate, ama-yuan amathathu, i-lithium iron phosphate, njll., ibhethri ye-lithium ion ngokuvamile i-carbon material.

Okufana ne-graphite ne-non-graphitized carbon, njll.; i-electrolyte yebhethri ye-lithium ion ibalulekile ekuxazululeni okungewona amanzi, okuhlanganisa izincibilikisi ezixubene ne-lithium kasawoti, lapho isincibilikitha siyingxenye enkulu ye-carbonated organic solvent, kanti usawoti we-lithium ngokuvamile uyiyunithi yentengo kasawoti we-polyanionic, njenge-Lithium hexafluorophosphate, njll.; i-lithium ion battery diaphragm ngokuvamile i-polyethylene, i-polypropine izacile ulwelwesi lwe-microporous, esebenza ukuhlukanisa i-electrode enhle, engalungile, ivimbela ama-electron ukuthi angabangeli ukujikeleza okufushane ngenkathi ivumela ama-ion e-electrolyte ukuba adlule.

Phakathi nenqubo yokushaja, ingaphakathi lebhethri likhishwa ku-electrode ephozithivu ngendlela ye-ionic, futhi idluliselwa kusuka ku-electrolyte kuya ku-electrode engalungile; ingaphandle yebhethri ithuthelwe isuka kumjikelezo wangaphandle iye ku-electrode eyinegethivu. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha: I-ion ye-lithium yangaphakathi ebhethri ikhishwe ku-electrode engalungile, ngokusebenzisa i-diaphragm, ifakwe ku-electrode enhle; ngaphandle kwebhethri, i-electron ithuthwa isuka kumjikelezo wangaphandle iye ku-electrode ephozithivu. Njengoba ukushaja, ukukhipha, ukufuduka i-lithium ion, esikhundleni se-lithium, ngakho-ke ibhethri libizwa ngokuthi amabhethri e-lithium ion.

Okwesibili, ingozi yokuphepha yebhethri ye-lithium-ion ngokuvamile, futhi izinkinga zokuphepha kumabhethri e-lithium-ion zibonakala njengokuvutha noma ukuqhuma. Umsuka walezi zinkinga ukukhishwa kwe-thermal ngaphakathi kwebhethri, ngaphezu kwalokhu, ezinye izici zangaphandle, ezifana ne-overtilight, umthombo womlilo, i-extrusion, i-puncture, i-short circuit, njll. futhi kuholela ezindabeni zokuphepha.

Ibhethri ye-lithium-ion izoshisa ngesikhathi sokushajwa nokuphuma. Uma ukushisa kudlula umthamo wokushisa wokushisa webhethri, ibhethri ye-lithium-ion izoshisa ngokweqile, impahla yebhethri izokwenzeka, ukubola kwefilimu ye-SEI, ukubola kwe-electrolyte, ukubola okuhle, i-electrode engalungile i-EtOAc EtOAc. 1.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lokhu kusabela okubili kungenzeka ngenani elikhulu lokushisa, okuholela ekwenyukeni okwengeziwe kwezinga lokushisa lebhethri. Izifunda ezihlukene ze-de-lithium zinomehluko ekuguqulweni kwe-lattice yezinto ezisebenzayo, izinga lokushisa lokubola, kanye nokuqina kwebhethri. 2.

I-lithium inhlanganisela ye-lithium ingavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukwenzeka kwe-lithium dendrites, ithuthukise kakhulu ukuphepha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-carbon negative electrode esimweni se-lithium iqala ukubukeka nge-electrolyte. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokushaja nokukhipha, izinga le-exothermic le-electrolyte kanye ne-antidemic lithium artificial graphite reaction likhulu kakhulu kunezinga lokusabela lokudlulisa ukushisa kwesigaba esimaphakathi se-carbon microspheres, carbon fibers, cokes, njll.

kwe-intercallium. 3. I-electrolyte yesihlukanisi kanye nesisombululo se-electrolytic iyisisombululo esixubile sikasawoti we-lithium kanye ne-solvent ephilayo lapho usawoti we-lithium wezohwebo i-lithium hexafluorophosphate ejwayele ukubola okushisayo ekushiseni okuphezulu, futhi ngamanzi omkhondo kanye ne-organic Heat chemical reaction phakathi kwe-solvent, ukunciphisa ukuzinza okushisayo kwe-electrolyte.

I-electrolyte organic solvent yi-carbonate, indawo yokubilisa encibilikayo, indawo ephansi ye-flash, kulula ukuyikhulula i-PF5 emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kulula ukuyikhipha. 4. Izingozi ezifihliwe zokuphepha ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza, amabhethri e-lithium-ion, ukukhiqizwa kwama-electrode, ukuhlanganiswa kwebhethri, njll.

, kuthinte ukuphepha kwamabhethri. Okufana namamiksi ama-electrode amahle noma angalungile, ukumboza, ukugoqa, amathebhu noma ukubhoboza, ukuhlanganisa, ukugcwalisa i-electrolyte, ukubekwa uphawu, njll., ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi, njll.

Ukufana kwe-slurry kunquma ukufana kokusatshalaliswa kwento esebenzayo ku-electrode, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukuphepha kwebhethri. I-slurry inkulu kakhulu, futhi ukunwetshwa kwempahla ye-electrode engemihle kanye nokufinyezwa kwempahla ye-electrode engalungile kukhulu, futhi imvula ye-lithium yensimbi ingenzeka; ubuhle be-slurry buzokwenza ukuthi ibhethri ivimbe ibhethri. Ukushisa kokushisa kwe-coating kuphansi kakhulu noma isikhathi sokumisa sizoshiya izinsalela ze-solvent, ingxenye ye-binder ihlakazeka, okuholela ekutheni ingxenye yezinto ezisebenzayo ihlulwe kalula; izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu lingabangela i-binder carbonization, okokusebenza okusebenzayo kuyawa kubangela ukujikeleza okufushane kwangaphakathi kwebhethri.

5, ubungozi bokuphepha ekusetshenzisweni kwebhethri, ibhethri elingenayo i-lithium kufanele linciphise ukushajwa noma ukuchichima ngokweqile, ikakhulukazi ngokuphathelene nebhethri elinomthamo we-monomer ephezulu, lingabangela uchungechunge lokusabela okucashile ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokushisa, okuholela ekuphepheni Inkinga yezocansi. Okwesithathu, inkomba yokuhlola ukuphepha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion Ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri ye-Lithium-ion, uchungechunge olulodwa lokutholwa lwenziwa ngaphambi kokufinyelela kumthengi, zama ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwebhethri nokunciphisa izingozi zokuphepha. 1.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Extrusion: Beka ibhethri elishajiwe endizeni eyodwa, kusukela ku-steel rod engu-131KN, indiza yensimbi yensimbi ekhishwe ngentonga yensimbi enobubanzi obungu-32 mm, uma ukucindezela kwe-extrusion sekufinyelele ekuphumeni okuphezulu kokumisa Ibhethri alikwazi ukukhokhela umlilo, hhayi ukuqhuma. 2, ukuhlolwa kokushaya: Ngemva kokuthi ibhethri selishajwe ngokugcwele, beka ikholomu yensimbi engu-15.8mm ububanzi iqonde phezulu endizeni, nesisindo esingu-9.

I-1 kg ukusuka ku-610 mm imahhala ukuya kukholomu yensimbi ngaphezu kwebhethri. Ibhethri aliyona umlilo, ayiqhumi. I-3, ukuhlolwa kokushajwa kabusha: Gcwalisa ibhethri nge-1C, cindezela ukuhlolwa kwe-overcharge ngokusho kwe-3C overcharge 10V, lapho i-voltage yokushaja ibhethri ikhuphukela ku-voltage ethile, iseduze nesikhathi esisodwa, i-voltage yebhethri ikhula ngokushesha, lapho ikhuphuka Ngomkhawulo othile, isigqoko esiphezulu sebhethri siphukile, i-voltage yawela ku-0V, ibhethri ayizange iqhume, ibhethri ayizange iqhume.

4. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Short-circuit: Ukunika amandla ibhethri ngocingo olune-resistor engekho ngaphezu kwama-50m, hlola izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu lebhethri, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lebhethri ngu-140 ¡ã C, isivalo sebhethri siyavulwa, ibhethri aliwushisi umlilo, aliqhumi. 5.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-acupuncture: Beka ibhethri likagesi endizeni, bhoboza ibhethri endaweni eyi-radial inaliti yensimbi enobubanzi obungu-3mm. Hlola ibhethri aliwuniki umlilo, hhayi ukuqhuma. 6.

Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wezinga lokushisa: Ukuhlolwa komjikelezo wezinga lokushisa kwebhethri ye-lithium ion kusetshenziselwa ukulingisa amabhethri e-lithium-ion ngesikhathi sokuthutha noma ukugcinwa, ukuchayeka ngokuphindaphindiwe emazingeni okushisa aphansi kanye nezimo zokushisa eziphezulu, ukuphepha kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion, ukuhlolwa ukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa elisheshayo nelidlulele Ukushintsha. Ngemuva kokuhlolwa, isampula akufanele ixoshwe, ingaqhumi, akukho ukuvuza. Okwesine, isisombululo sokuphepha kwebhethri ye-lithium-ion Ngezingozi eziningi zokuphepha ezintweni zokwakha, ukukhiqizwa, nokusetshenziswa, indlela yokuthuthukisa izindaba zokuphepha, inkinga okufanele ixazululwe abakhiqizi bebhethri ye-lithium-ion.

1. Ngokungeza izithasiselo ezisebenzayo, ukusebenzisa usawoti we-lithium entsha nokusebenzisa izincibilikisi ezintsha kungaxazulula ngokuphumelelayo ingozi yokuphepha ye-electrolyte. Ngokuya ngomsebenzi we-additive function, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlukaniswe ngokulandelayo: Izithasiselo zokuvikela ukuphepha, izithasiselo zokwakheka kwefilimu, vikela isengezo se-electrode esihle, uzinzise isengezo se-lithium kasawoti, isithasiselo se-lithium precipitation, isithasiselo esihlanganisiwe se-anticorrosive, izithasiselo zokumanzisa ezithuthukisiwe, njll.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kosawoti we-lithium wezohwebo, abacwaningi bawashintshile, bathola inani lokuphuma, lapho ama-compounds atholwe ngama-athomu afakwe esikhundleni se-perfluoroalkyl anephuzu eliphakeme lokukhanya, ukulinganisa kokusebenza kukagesi, ukumelana namanzi, njll. Kuwuhlobo lwenhlanganisela kasawoti ye-lithium ewusizo kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosawoti we-anionic we-lithium otholwe ngokukhohlisa isisekelo se-oxygen nge-athomu ye-boron, unokusimama okuphezulu okushisayo.

Mayelana ne-solvent, abacwaningi abaningi baye bahlongoza uhide lwezincibilikisi ezintsha ze-organic ezifana ne-carboxylate, i-organic ether organic solvents. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uketshezi lwe-ionic luphinde lube nohlobo lokuphepha lwe-electrolyte ephezulu, kodwa evame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu nge-carbonate electrolyte, i-viscosity yoketshezi lwe-ionic iphezulu, ukuqhutshwa kukagesi, i-ion self-diffusion coefficient iphansi, futhi kusenomsebenzi omningi kusukela ekusebenzeni. Kufanele ukwenze.

2. Thuthukisa ukuphepha kwe-lithium iron phosphate kanye nezinhlanganisela ze-ternary zezinto ze-electrode kanye nezinhlanganisela ezinamalungu amathathu kubhekwa njengento ebonakalayo ebonakalayo, enhle kakhulu ngokuphepha, futhi kungenzeka ukusabalalisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbonini zezimoto zikagesi. Ngokuphathelene nezinto ezinhle, ukuthuthukisa indlela evamile yokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwayo kuhlanganiswe, njengokumbozwa kwendawo yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-electrode nge-oxide yensimbi, kungavimbela ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-electrode kanye ne-electrolyte, ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwesigaba sezinto ezibonakalayo ze-electrode, kuthuthukisa ukuqina kwayo kwesakhiwo, ukunciphisa ukumelana nokuphazamiseka kwe-cation ku-lattice, ukunciphisa ukusabela kwesibili.

Ngokuphathelene nezinto ezingezinhle ze-electrode, njengoba ubuso bayo buvame ukuba sengozini enkulu yokushisa nokukhishwa kwebhethri ye-lithium ion, ukuzinza okushisayo kwefilimu ye-SEI kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezinto ezingalungile ze-electrode. Nge-oxidation ebuthakathaka, i-metal ne-metal oxide deposition, i-polymer noma i-carbon coating, ingathuthukisa ukuzinza okushisayo kwempahla ye-electrode engalungile. 3.

Thuthukisa ukuvikelwa kokuphepha kwebhethri Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwezinto zebhethri, izinyathelo eziningi zokuvikela ukuphepha ezisetshenziswa amabhethri e-lithium-ion ezimpahla, njengokusetha ama-valve okuphepha kwebhethri, amafusi ancibilikayo ashisayo, uchungechunge olunama-coefficients okushisa alungile, kusetshenziswa ama-diaphragm ashisayo, Layisha amasekhethi okuvikela akhethekile, izinhlelo zokuphatha ibhethri ezizinikele, njll.