Mayelana nokumelana nebhethri kwangaphakathi nendlela yokulinganisa

著者：Iflowpower – Dodavatel přenosných elektráren

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokumelana nebhethri kwangaphakathi. Uhlobo olufanayo lwebhethri, ngenxa yokungavumelani kwezici zamakhemikhali zangaphakathi, ukumelana kwangaphakathi kuhlukile. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri kuncane, ngokuvamile sisebenzisa amayunithi angama-millis ukuyichaza.

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kuyinkomba ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwebhethri. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umthamo omkhulu wamanje wokukhipha wokumelana kwangaphakathi unamandla, futhi umthamo wokukhipha ibhethri wangaphakathi awunamandla. Ku-schematic yesifunda sokukhipha, singacabangela ibhethri nokuvinjwa kwangaphakathi, ihlukaniswe ibe yintambo yamandla engenakho ukumelana kwangaphakathi ukuxhuma ukumelana okuncane kakhulu.

Ngalesi sikhathi, uma umthwalo wangaphandle ulula, i-voltage eyabelwe lesi resistor encane incane, futhi okuphambene nalokho uma umthwalo wangaphandle ulayishiwe, khona-ke i-voltage eyabelwe lesi resistor encane inkulu ngokuqhathaniswa, kuzoba nengxenye yamandla asetshenziswayo kule Introelectric (okungenzeka iguqulelwe ekubeni imfiva, noma okunye ukusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-electrochemical). Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri elishajekayo kuncane, kodwa ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokuncipha kwe-electrolyte yangaphakathi yebhethri, i-block yangaphakathi iyanda kancane kancane, kuze kube yilapho ukumelana kwangaphakathi kukhulu ebhethri. Amandla angaphakathi awakwazi ukukhululwa ngokujwayelekile.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ibhethri "impilo ifile". Iningi lamabhethri aguga ngenxa yezizathu ezidlulele zokumelana kwangaphakathi, akukho nzuzo yokusetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, kufanele sinake kakhudlwana umthamo ibhethri is hhayi inheoned.

Okokuqala, ukumelana kwangaphakathi akulona inani elinqunyiwe, lapho ibhethri isemandleni ahlukene, inani layo langaphakathi lokumelana lihlukile; ibhethri isempilweni yesevisi ehlukene, inani layo langaphakathi lokumelana nalo lihlukile. Ngokombono wobuchwepheshe, sivamise ukukala ukumelana kukagesi kwebhethri ezifundeni ezimbili: ukushaja ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwesimo kanye nokukhipha ukumelana nezwe kwangaphakathi. 1.

Ingaphakathi lesimo sokushaja lisho ukuthi ibhethri elilinganisiwe ebhethrini selishajwe ngokugcwele. 2. Beka ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri ukuze ubhekisele ekumelaneni kwebhethri kwangaphakathi kukalwa ngemva kokuba ibhethri selilahliwe ngokuphelele (ukuphuma ku-voltage yokunqamuka okujwayelekile).

Ngokuvamile, ukumelana kwangaphakathi kokukhishwa akuzinzile. Imiphumela yesilinganiso iphakeme kakhulu kunevelu evamile, futhi isimo sokushajwa kabusha sizinzile, futhi ukulinganisa empeleni kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, esilinganisweni sebhethri, sonke senze isilinganiso sesilinganiso esimweni sokushajwa.

Okwesibili, ukumelana kwangaphakathi akukwazi ukusetshenziselwa ukulinganisa ngokunembile indlela evamile kungase kusho ukuthi isigaba se-physics esikoleni esiphakeme sinefomula elula + ibhokisi lokumelana ukuze ubale ukumelana kwangaphakathi kokumelana kwangaphakathi. kodwa isigaba somzimba sisekelwe ekuphikiseni kwebhokisi lokumelana ukubala ukunemba kwe-algorithm yebhokisi lokumelana Liphansi kakhulu, ukufundisa kwethiyori kuphela kungasetshenziswa ekusebenzeni okusebenzayo. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri kuncane, ngokuvamile sikuchaza nge-micro Europe noma amayunithi e-milliocanel.

Ngokwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, sidinga iphutha lokunemba kwesilinganiso sokumelana nebhethri ukuthi lilawulwe ngaphakathi kuka-5%. Ukumelana okuncane okunjalo kanye nezidingo ezinembile kufanele zikalwe ngethuluzi elizinikele. III.

Embonini yamanje, imboni yendlela yokulinganisa ukumelana nebhethri yangaphakathi isetshenziswa, ukukalwa okunembile kokumelana kwangaphakathi kwenziwa yimishini ekhethekile. Ake ngikhulume ngendlela yokulinganisa ukumelana nebhethri kwangaphakathi esetshenziswa embonini. Indlela yokulinganisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri esetshenziswa embonini yamanje inezinhlobo ezimbili ezilandelayo: 1.

Isilinganiso sokumelana ne-DC sokukhipha kwangaphakathi. Ngokusho kwefomula yomzimba u-R = U / I, idivayisi yokuhlola ivumela ibhethri ukuthi iphoqe ibhethri ngokusebenzisa i-DC yamanje enkulu engaguquki (okwamanje kusetshenziswa i-current enkulu ye-40A kuya ku-80A) ngesikhathi esifushane (okwamanje kusetshenziswa i-40A kuya ku-80A), ukukala ibhethri I-voltage emikhawulweni yomibili futhi ibala ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri yamanje ngokuvumelana nefomula. Ukunemba kwale ndlela yokulinganisa kuphezulu futhi kulawulwa.

Iphutha lokunemba kwesilinganiso lingalawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-0.1%. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela inokushiyeka okuphawulekayo: (1) ingakala kuphela ibhethri elikhulu noma ibhethri, ibhethri elincane elincane elingalayishi i-40A ku-80A kumasekhondi angu-2 kuya kwangu-3; (2) Uma ibhethri idlula kumshini wamanje omkhulu Ama-electrode angaphakathi kwebhethri azodala ukuhlukana kwebhethri, akhiqize ukumelana ne-polarized kwangaphakathi.

Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokulinganisa kufanele sibe mfushane, ngaphandle kwalokho iphutha elilinganisiwe lokumelana kwangaphakathi likhulu; (3) umsinga omkhulu wonakaliswa i-electrode engaphakathi kwebhethri ngebhethri. 2. Umfutho we-AC wehlisa isilinganiso sokumelana kwangaphakathi.

Ngenxa yokuthi ibhethri empeleni lilingana nokumelana okusebenzayo, sisebenzisa ifrikhwensi engaguquki namandla angashintshi ebhethri (okwamanje sisebenzisa ifrikhwensi engu-1 kHz, 50mA yamanje encane), bese sisampula i-voltage, ukulungisa, ukuhlunga, njll. Inani langaphakathi lokumelana lebhethri libalwa yisekethe ye-op amp. Isikhathi sokulinganisa ibhethri se-AC pressure yehle indlela yokumelana nangaphakathi sifushane kakhulu, ngokuvamile kuma-millisecond angu-100.

Lokhu kunemba kwale ndlela yokulinganisa nakho kuhle, futhi iphutha lokunemba kokulinganisa ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-1% kuya ku-2%. Izinzuzo kanye nokubi zale ndlela: (1) Cishe wonke amabhethri angalinganiswa kusetshenziswa indlela yokulinganisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi eshintshanayo, okuhlanganisa namabhethri amancane. Isilinganiso sangaphakathi sokumelana neselula yebhethri ye-laptop ngokuvamile sihamba ngale ndlela.

(2) Ukunemba kokulinganisa kwendlela yokulinganisa ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-AC kungenzeka ukuthi kuthinteke i-ripple current, futhi kuyenzeka futhi kuphazamiseke i-harmonic current. Lokhu ukuhlola ikhono lokulwa nokuphazamiseka kumjikelezo wensimbi yokulinganisa. (3) Ukulinganisa ngale ndlela, ngeke kube khona umonakalo omkhulu ebhethri ngokwayo.

(4) Ukunemba kokulinganisa kwendlela yokulinganisa ukwehla kwengcindezi ye-AC ayilungile njenge-DC yokukhipha isilinganiso sokumelana kwangaphakathi. 3. Hlola iphutha lengxenye yethuluzi kanye nenkinga yomugqa wokuxhuma kwebhethri ukuze uhlolwe.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyindlela engenhla, kunezinkinga ezithile esingazinaki kalula, okungukuthi, iphutha lengxenye yethuluzi lokuhlola kanye nenkinga yekhebula yokuhlola yokuxhuma ibhethri. Ngenxa yokuthi ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri okumele kulinganiswe kuncane, ukumelana nogesi komugqa kuzocabangela. Isigqila esifushane esisuka ensimbini siye ebhethrini ngokwaso sine-resistor (cishe i-Micro-European grade), kanye nokumelana nokuxhumana kwebhethri nomugqa wokuxhuma, lezi zici kufanele zibe ekulungiseni iphutha langaphakathi lethuluzi langaphambili.

Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa okusemthethweni kokumelana nebhethri kwangaphakathi ngokuvamile kufakwe ikhebula elizinikele kanye neshalofu lokulungisa ibhethri. Okwesine, ukufingqa amabhethri amaningi okuguga, amandla angaphakathi aseningi, kodwa ukumelana kwangaphakathi kukhulu kakhulu, ngeshwa. Nokho, uma ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri kunyukile, kuba nzima ukwehlisa leli nani langaphakathi lokumelana.

Ngakho-ke, ibhethri eliguga, ngisho noma sifuna "ukuyivula", njengokushaqeka okukhulu kwamanje, ukuntanta okuncane kwamanje, ukubeka isiqandisi, kodwa iningi lazo, libuyela ezulwini. Ngemva kokuqonda ulwazi olungenhla, siyazi ngokuyisisekelo ukuthi ukukhetha ibhethri ukuze ukhethe ibhethri elimelana nebhethri elincane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile, ibhethri ayisetshenzisiwe, futhi ukumelana kwayo kwangaphakathi kuzoqhubeka kwanda.

Kunconywa ukuthi usadinga ukusebenzisa ibhethri ukuze ugcine ukusebenza kwekhemikhali yangaphakathi yebhethri.