Iingcebiso ezintathu zokusombulula ukungahambelani kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Proveïdor de centrals portàtils

Ukungahambelani kwebhetri kwenziwa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, nzulu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ibhetri ekwipakethi yebhetri enye ibuthathaka, kwaye isantya sibuthathaka. Iqondo lokusasazwa phakathi kweeparamitha phakathi kweeseli ze-monomer, landa ngeqondo lokuguga.

Ibhetri ye-lithium yamandla iye yahlala ngokuthe ngcembe kwisimo semilambo yombane wemoto yombane kunye namachibi. Ubomi benkonzo ende, ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, kunye nokuphuculwa okukhulu. Ukhuseleko lunokutshintshwa, ukuxinana kwamandla kunokuqhubeka nokunyuka.

Ngexesha elibonakalayo (malunga ne-2020), ungafumana ubomi bebhetri kunye nokusebenza kweendleko, ungene kumfanekiso weemoto zombane. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-lithium nazo zinenkathazo yebhetri ye-lithium. Kuzo zonke iinkalo zebhetri ye-lithium, izibalo ze-elektroniki ze-spectral zinengxaki yobugcisa esoloko ibuzwa ngabathengi.

Siye saphendula kwiibhetri ze-lithium: 1: Kutheni iibhetri ze-lithium ziyibhetri ze-lithium, iibhetri ze-cylindrical, iibhetri ezithambileyo zePakethi, iibhetri zesikwere, ngokubanzi umboniso ocacileyo wexesha elide, ngokupheleleyo akakwazi ukufumana iibhloko ezinkulu njengeebhetri zemveli ze-asidi, kutheni? Uxinaniso lwamandla aphezulu, ibhetri ye-lithium kaninzi ayifuni ukuyila umthamo omkhulu. Ubuninzi bamandla ebhetri ye-lead-acid malunga ne-40Wh / kg, ngelixa ibhetri ye-lithium idlule i-150Wh / kg. Ugxininiso lwamandla luphuculwe, kwaye iimfuno zokhuseleko ziphezulu.

Okokuqala, ibhetri ye-lithium enamandla agqwesileyo igqithise kakhulu, idibana neengozi, ibangela ukuphuma kwe-thermal ngaphandle kokulawula, ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza ngaphakathi, ngexesha elifutshane, amandla amaninzi ngoku ayingozi kakhulu. Ngokukodwa kubuchwepheshe bokhuseleko, umthamo webhetri nganye kufuneka uthintelwe xa kusekho uphuhliso lwaneleyo. Okwesibini, amandla ahlanganiswe yindlu yebhetri ye-lithium, kanye ngokungalindelekanga, abacimi bomlilo, ii-agent zokucima umlilo azikwazi ukuchukumisa, akukho mandla, angakwazi ukwahlula indawo ngexesha lengozi, ibhetri i-self-response, ukutshisa amandla.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, iibhetri ze-lithium zangoku zenze iindlela ezininzi zokukhusela. Thatha ibhetri yecylindrical njengomzekelo. I-valve yokhuseleko, xa i-reaction yangaphakathi ingaphandle koluhlu oluqhelekileyo, iqondo lokushisa liphakama, kwaye lihamba kunye nesizukulwana segesi esebenzayo yecala, uxinzelelo lufikelela kwixabiso loyilo, i-valve yokhuseleko ivuliwe ngokuzenzekelayo, ikhutshwe kuxinzelelo.

Umzuzu wokuvulwa kwevalve yokhuseleko, ibhetri ayisebenzi kwaphela. I-Thermistor, enye ibhetri ilungiselelwe kunye ne-thermistor. Emva kokuba ukugqithisa kwenzeka, emva kokuba iqondo lokushisa elithile lifikelele kwiqondo elithile, ukuchasana kuye kwanda ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-circuit current iyancipha, kwaye iqondo lokushisa linyuka ngakumbi.

I-fuse, ibhetri ixhotyiswe nge-fuse enomsebenzi wokuphuphuma, emva kokuba umngcipheko we-overcurrent, isiphaluka sinqanyuliwe, ukuphepha iingozi ezimbi. Ukusombulula iikhohlisi ezintathu ezinkulu ze-lithium ibhetri enobungozi obungahambelaniyo 2: Iingxaki ze-lithium zokuhambelana kwebhetri ayinakwenziwa ibe yinto enkulu, kufuneka iququzelele ezininzi iibhetri zombane ezincinci, wonke umntu uya kwenza, intsebenziswano enyanisekileyo, kunye neemoto zombane Fly. Ngeli xesha, kufuneka ubhekane nengxaki, ukuhambelana.

Amava ethu emihla ngemihla kukuba iibhetri ezimbini ezomileyo, ezilungileyo kunye nezibi zixhunyiwe, kwaye i-flashlight inokukhanya, kwaye nabani na ongahambelaniyo. Kwaye usetyenziso olukhulu lweebhetri ze-lithium, imeko ayilula kangako. Ukungahambelani kweeparamitha zebhetri ye-lithium ikakhulu ngenxa yomthamo, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi, kunye nombane ovulekileyo wesiphaluka.

Umtya webhetri ongahambelaniyo usetyenziswa kunye, kuya kubakho le mibuzo ilandelayo. Ilahleko yesakhono, ukwakheka kweeseli zebhetri kuhambelana "nomgaqo webhakethi yomthi", kwaye umthamo wesiseko sebhetri ye * engalunganga imisela umthamo wepakethi yebhetri iyonke. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukugqithiswa kwebhetri, ingqiqo yenkqubo yokulawula ibhetri isetyenziswe oku: Xa i-voltage yeyunithi ikhutshwe, i-pack yebhetri yonke iyayeka ukukhupha xa i-unit voltage ifikelela kwi-discharge cutout voltage; xa utshaja, xa * i-monomer voltage ichukumisa i-voltage cutoff yokutshaja, Yeka ukutshaja.

Thatha iibhetri ezimbini kuthotho. Umthamo webhetri omnye yi-1C, kwaye omnye umthamo yi-0.9c kuphela.

Ubudlelwane bochungechunge, iibhetri ezimbini zidlula ubungakanani obufanayo. Xa utshaja, ibhetri enomthamo omncinci ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba igcwele, ifike kumhla wokugqibela wokutshaja, inkqubo ayisayi kuqhubeka ihlawulisa. Xa ukukhutshwa kukhutshwa, ibhetri incinci, ngokuqinisekileyo iya kubeka onke amandla akhoyo kuqala, kwaye inkqubo iya kumisa ukukhutshwa.

Ngale ndlela, iiseli ezinomthamo omncinci zihlala zigcwele, kwaye umthamo mkhulu, kodwa umthamo wenxalenye usetyenzisiwe. Umthamo wepakethi yebhetri yonke uyinxalenye yelahleko yobomi obungasebenziyo, ubomi bepakethi yebhetri efanayo bumiselwa sisiphelo sobomi bebhetri. Mhlawumbi, ibhetri imfutshane, ibhetri incinci, ibhetri incinci.

Ibhetri encinci, ngalo lonke ixesha igcwele, igqithise, inokwenzeka kakhulu * ngamanqaku aphambili obomi bokufika. Qhubeka ukuya ekupheleni kwebhetri, isethi yeebhetshi ezithengiswayo, zivele ziwele ekupheleni. ? Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kuyanda, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi okwahlukileyo, kuqukuqela ngokulinganayo, kwaye ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kweseli kuninzi ngakumbi.

Ubushushu bebhetri buphezulu kakhulu, kubangela ukuwohloka kwesantya, ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kuya kwanda ngakumbi. Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kunye nokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, yenza isibini seempendulo ezingalunganga, ukuvumela ukuchasana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi ukukhawuleza ukuwohloka. Ezi parameters ezintathu zingasentla azizimele ngokupheleleyo, iqondo lombane kwiqondo lokuguga lilikhulu, kwaye ukuthotywa kwamandla kungaphezulu.

Ngokwahlukileyo chaza, funa nje ukuyibonakalisa ngokucacileyo ngempembelelo yabo. I-3: Indlela yokujongana nokungahambelani ekusebenzeni kokungahambelani, yenziwe kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, inzulu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ibhetri ekwipakethi yebhetri enye ibuthathaka, kwaye isantya sibuthathaka.

Iqondo lokusasazwa phakathi kweeparamitha phakathi kweeseli ze-monomer, landa ngeqondo lokuguga. Okwangoku, injineli kufuneka ingahambelani nebhetri ye-monomer, ikakhulu kwimiba emithathu. Ukuhlelwa kwebhetri ye-Monomer, ukubunjwa kolawulo lobushushu, inani elincinci lokungahambelani, inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri ibonelela ngokulinganayo.

Iibhetshi ezahlukeneyo zeebhetshi zikhethiwe, ngokwethiyori musa ukudibanisa. Nokuba ibhetshi enye, nayo ifuna ukujongwa, ibeke iiseli kwiiparamitha ezixineneyo kwipakethi yebhetri, kwipakethi yebhetri efanayo. Injongo yokhetho kukukhetha ibhetri efana neeparamitha.

Indlela yokuhlela iye yaphononongwa iminyaka emininzi, ikakhulu yahlulwe ngohlelo olungatshintshiyo kunye nokuhlelwa okuguquguqukayo amacandelo amabini. Ukuhlelwa kwe-Static, ukuhlolwa kweeparamitha zeempawu ezifana nombane wesekethe evulekileyo, ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi, umthamo webhetri, khetha iiparamitha ekujoliswe kuzo, wazisa i-algorithm yamanani, ukuseta indlela yokucoca, * yahlula ibhetshi enye yeeseli zebhetri zibe ngamaqela amaninzi. Uvavanyo olunamandla kukuhluza iimpawu ezibonisiweyo ngexesha lentlawulo kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha.

Abanye bakhetha itshaja yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lwangoku, kwaye abanye bakhetha intlawulo yempembelelo ye-pulse kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, abanye bathelekisa intlawulo phakathi kwentlawulo kunye negophe lokukhupha. ubudlelwane. Indibaniselwano eguquguqukayo ikhethiwe, kwaye iqela lokuqala lenziwe ngokuhlolwa okumileyo.

Ngesi siseko, ukuhlolwa okuguquguqukayo kuyenziwa, ukwenzela ukuba iqela lingaphezulu, ukuchaneka kokuhlola kuphezulu, kodwa iindleko ziya kunyuka ngokufanelekileyo. Nantsi umboniso omncinci wokubaluleka komlinganiselo wokuvelisa ibhetri ye-lithium. Ukuthunyelwa kweenqanawa ezinkulu kuvumela abavelisi ukuba benze uhlengahlengiso oluchubekileyo, okukhokelela kwiipakethi zebhetri.

Ukuba imveliso incinci kakhulu, kukho amaqela amaninzi kakhulu, kwaye ibhetshi ayinakuxhotyiswa ngepakethi yebhetri, kwaye indlela elungileyo ayinakuboniswa. Ulawulo olushushu aluhambelani nokuchasana kwangaphakathi, ukuvelisa ukushisa akuyona ingxaki efanayo. Ukudityaniswa kwenkqubo yokulawula ubushushu kunokulungelelanisa umahluko wobushushu bepakethi yebhetri yonke ukuyigcina kuluhlu oluncinci.

Ukuvelisa inani elikhulu lobushushu, kusekho ukunyuka kobushushu obuphezulu, kodwa akutsali umsantsa kunye nezinye iiseli, inqanaba lokuwohloka alinayo i-gap ebalulekileyo. Ukungahambelani kokulinganisa ukulinganisa kweyunithi engundoqo, enye i-voltage yokuphela kombane, rhoqo kwangaphambili, * ukuya kwinqanaba lokulawula, okubangelwa amandla amancinci. Ukuze ucombulule le ngxaki, inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri iBMS iyila umsebenzi olungeleleneyo.

Undoqo othile ngowokuqala ukufikelela kwi-voltage yokutshaja ye-cutoff, kwaye intsalela yombane ongundoqo ngokucacileyo yi-hysteresis, i-BMS iqala ukutshaja umsebenzi wokulinganisa, okanye ukuchasana nokufikelela, inxalenye yeseli ye-voltage ephezulu, okanye ukuhanjiswa kwamandla, ibeka ibhetri ye-Voltage ephantsi. Ngaloo ndlela, umhla wokugqibela wokutshaja ukhululwa, inkqubo yokutshaja iqala kwakhona, ipakethe yebhetri ihlawuliswa ngamandla amaninzi. Kuze kube ngoku, ukungahambelani kwebhetri kuseyintsimi ebalulekileyo yophando kwishishini.

Uxinaniso lwamandla ebhetri luphezulu, ukudibana nokungangqinelani ukushukuma, amandla okupakisha ibhetri nawo aya kuba sisaphulelo esikhulu. .