Ubomi obandisiweyo be-lithium-ion ibhetri isisombululo esitsha sokutshaja

著者：Iflowpower – Lieferant von tragbaren Kraftwerken

Iibhetri zeLithium-ion zinoxinzelelo olukhulu lwamandla, ubungakanani obuncinci, ubunzima kunye nezinye iingenelo, kwiifowuni eziphathwayo, iimarike zelaptop zithathe indawo yazo ngokupheleleyo ezinye iibhetri, zibalelwa phantse kwi-100%. Okwangoku, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwizixhobo zombane kunye nezinye izicelo, kwaye ithemba layo lemarike ebanzi liya kuqatshelwa. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa ne-nickel, i-nickel-cadmium, iibhetri ze-lead-acid, kuyimfuneko ukutyhala isicelo kunye nophuhliso lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kufuneka zihlale ziphucula ukhuseleko kunye nobomi benkonzo.

Eli nqaku liza kuxubusha uhlobo olutsha lwesisombululo sokutshaja kwi-angle yeshaja, ukwandisa ukhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, ukwandisa ubomi bebhetri, ngelixa unciphisa iindleko zeshaja. Kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa ibhetri, sihlala siva isivakalisi esifana nemboni yebhetri: "Kuncinci ekusebenziseni ibhetri, ngakumbi kuhluke". Esi sivakalisi sinokuqonda ukuba iimeko zokutshaja ezingachanekanga okanye iindlela ziya kuba zonakalisa ibhetri kwaye zinciphise ubomi bebhetri.

Thatha ibhetri ye-1,8650 ye-lithium-cobalt-free njengomzekelo, xa umrhumo ungaphezulu kweqondo lokushisa, kwi-70 ¡ã C, i-electrolyte interface (SEI) isetyenziselwa ukubola nokushisa; I-120 ¡ã C, i-electrolyte, i-electrode efanelekileyo iqala ukubola kwe-thermal, ebangela igesi kwaye inyuse ngokukhawuleza iqondo lokushisa; Malunga ne-260 ¡ã C: Ukudubula kwebhetri. Okanye ukuhlawulisa phezu koxinzelelo, ngokwemiqathango ye-5.5V ye-overvoltage, kulula ukukhupha isinyithi se-lithium, i-solvent i-oxidized, ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, ukujikeleza okubi, okanye iibhetri, ukuqhuma.

Ke ngoko, malunga nendlela yokubiza, siya kuxoxa ngale miba ibalulekileyo ilandelayo kunye. Kutheni ufuna ukutshaja kwangaphambili? I-voltage yokusebenza kwebhetri ukusuka kwi-2.5V (i-carbon negative battery: 3V, amandla yi-0%) ukuya kwi-4.

I-2V (100% amandla). Xa i-voltage ingaphantsi kwe-2.5V, ukukhutshwa kwebhetri kuphelile.

Ngexesha elifanayo, ngenxa yokuba i-loop yokukhupha ivaliwe, ilahleko yangoku yesekethe yokukhusela yangaphakathi nayo iyancitshiswa ibe yinto ephantsi. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngenxa yezixhobo zangaphakathi ezahlukeneyo, i-voltage yokuphelisa ukukhutshwa ingaba kuluhlu lwe-2.5V-3.

0V ngenxa yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zangaphakathi. Xa i-voltage idlula i-4.2V, i-loop yokutshaja iyanqanyulwa ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwebhetri; kwaye xa i-voltage yeyunithi yokusebenza kweyunithi yehla ngaphantsi kwe-3.

I-0V, sinokucinga ukuba ukukhutshwa kuphelile, i-loop yokukhupha iphelile ukukhusela ukhuseleko lwebhetri. Ngoko ke, xa ibhetri ingasetyenziswanga, ibhetri kufuneka ihlawuliswe i-20% yombane, kwaye emva koko igcina ukufuma. Ekubeni ibhetri ye-lithium-ion inomlinganiselo ophezulu wamandla, kuyimfuneko ukukhusela ukugqithisa kunye nokubeka ngaphezulu kubomi bebhetri.

I-Overlant ibangela ubunzima ekubuyiseleni izinto ezisebenzayo, ukuba zihamba ngokuthe ngqo kwimowudi yamandla okukhawulezayo (inkulu yangoku), iya kulimaza ibhetri, echaphazela ubomi benkonzo kwaye ngoko inokuzisa iingozi zokhuseleko. Okokuqala intlawulo encinci yangoku (C / 10) ukuya kwi-2.5V ukuya kwi-3.

0V, kwaye emva koko uguqulele kwintlawulo ekhawulezayo iyimfuneko. Nangona ibhetri ye-lithium-ion yangoku inebhodi ekhuselayo kwisicelo, ngokubanzi, ithuba lokugqithisa liya kuba lincinci, kodwa alongezi i-precharge, kwezi meko zimbini, imeko inokuzisa ingozi efihliweyo. Okokuqala, ibhodi yokukhusela ayivumelekile, kwaye okwesibini kukubeka (5% -10% / ngenyanga) izinga lokuzikhupha.

Ke ngoko, i-precharge encinci yangoku inokusombulula ngempumelelo ingxaki yokutshaja yeeseli ezikhupha ngaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukutshaja okwangoku akukho mkhulu, kungcono. Ukuthatha ibhetri ye-lithium ion njengomzekelo, indlela yokutshaja kwayo ibandakanya okwangoku, inkqubo yokutshaja ombane rhoqo, i-voltage eqhubekayo idla ngokuba yi-4.

I-2V (njengomzekelo webhetri ye-LiCoO2), ixabiso lokumisela langoku lihlala liyi-0.1c ~ 1c. Nangona ukutshajiswa komsinga omkhulu kuya kunciphisa ixesha lokutshaja, kuya kubangela ukucutheka kobufutshane kunye nomthamo wobomi bebhetri, ngoko ke kufuneka sikhethe ixabiso elichanekileyo langoku lokutshaja.

Apha ngezantsi kukho ijiko lobudlelwane lokutshaja okukhoyo okwahlukileyo kunye nomthamo webhetri ye-4.2V / 900mAhlicoo2 iseli (Umfanekiso 1), siyabona ukuba umthamo webhetri wokutshaja okuncinci okwangoku mkhulu kakhulu kunomthamo webhetri wokutshaja okuphezulu kwangoku emva komrhumo omalunga nama-500. Ukuchaneka kombane wokutshaja ombane rhoqo kufuna ibhetri ephezulu yoxinano lwamandla, kwaye i-overchaul iya kuba yingozi enkulu kwibhetri ye-lithium-ion, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukwandisa ukuvuza okanye ukuqhuma.

Ngaphezu koko, kulula ukwenza into ye-electrolytic ebhetri ikhawulezise ubomi bebhetri, kwaye ke ixabiso elichanekileyo lombane elichanekileyo libalulekile kubomi bebhetri ye-lithium-ion. Ukuze uhlawule ngokupheleleyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ixabiso le-voltage rhoqo kunye nokuchaneka kwexabiso lokuphela kokuphela lingaphakathi kwe-1%. Ukuthatha ibhetri ye-ion ye-lithium-cobalt njengomzekelo, kungcono ukuba ube kufutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwi-4.

I-2V, kodwa ingabi ngaphezu kwe-4.2V, le ndlela yokutshaja i-voltage ephezulu echanekileyo inokunciphisa ukuchithwa kwe-cobalt, ukuzinzisa ulwakhiwo lwe-LiCoO2, yenze i-coating ayitshintshi, iphucula ukusebenza komjikelo, kwaye igcina umthamo ophezulu. Ukongeza, nokuba i-overvoltage encinci iya kuzisa izinto ezimbini, umthamo wokuqala webhetri uyancitshiswa kwaye ubomi bomjikelo webhetri buyehlisiwe.

Kwimeko yebhetri ye-ion ene-multi-elevative, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe amandla ebhetri aphezulu kunye nobomi, ngamanye amaxesha nokuchaneka kungaphantsi kwe-0.5%. Ke ngoko, ulawulo oluchanekileyo lombane wokutshaja yitekhnoloji ephambili yeetshaja zebhethri ze-lithium-ion.

Okwangoku, abantu banokungaqondi okunjalo kumbane wokutshaja webhetri ye-lithium ion. Kucingelwa ukuba kukho ibhodi yokukhusela ibhetri. Ayikhathali ngokuchaneka kwamandla ombane.

Oku akucetyiswa. Ngenxa yokuba ibhodi yokukhusela ibhetri isetyenziselwa ukwenza ukhuseleko lwangexesha kwiingozi ezinokubakho, iqwalasela iimeko zokhuseleko ngakumbi, hayi izinto zokusebenza. Umzekelo, njengomzekelo we-4.

I-2V, i-parameter yokukhusela i-overvoltage yeplate yokukhusela i-4.30V (ezinye zinokuba yi-4.4V), ukuba ixesha ngalinye ligcwele, kunye ne-4.

I-30V njengendawo yokucima ukutshaja, umthamo webhetri uya kuba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kutheni unomthengisi we-charger abasoloko bebamba i-charger umsebenzisi ukuba abuyele, bathi i-charger yophukile kuba i-battery ifakwe ngenye imini, i-bettery ayigcwali, i-charger ayilayiti isibane, ihlala i-Red light. Xa umenzi elinganisa itshaja ngenene, ufumanisa ukuba iqhelekile kwaye iyahlangabezana neemfuno zefektri.

Yintoni le ngxaki? Oku kubalulekile kuba le tshaja ayithatheli ngqalelo ukuguga kwebhetri. Ukuba i-current yentlawulo ebulalayo incinci kakhulu, iya kwenza ukuba ibhetri yokuguga ayiyi kufikelela kwindawo emiselweyo yokutshaja egqityiweyo, ukwenzela ukuba umsebenzisi ahlulele kakubi, kwaye kucatshangelwa ukuba ishaja ibibi. Injongo yomshicileli wokutshaja kukuthintela ukonakala okanye ukuhamba kakhulu kwebhayisikile yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion, kwicandelo elikhethekileyo lokutshaja, ngenxa yokukhupha i-self-discharge, kunzima ukungena kwimeko ye-EOC (ephezulu kunokugweba ngoku), kwelinye icala kumsebenzisi Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba kwandiswe kwi-battery overheating.

Ngokujoliswe kwezi zinto, i-multi-lithium-ion entsha yokutshaja ibhetri ye-OZ8981 eqaliswe ngeteknoloji yokungalingani (O2Micro) sele sisisombululo esifanelekileyo. I-OZ8981 lulawulo lokutshaja oluzinikeleyo oludityanisiweyo lwechip olunombane ochanekileyo, imveliso yangoku, kunye nokhuseleko oluninzi, kunye nokubonelela ngemowudi yolawulo yokutshaja enemigangatho emithandathu kunye noyilo lwenkqubo olufanelekileyo kunye neendleko eziphantsi. Kubalulekile kwiipakethi zebhetri ye-ion ye-lithium yezithuthi zombane ezikhanyayo, iibhayisikili zombane kunye nezixhobo zombane.

Ixabiso eliphezulu kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kwe-OZ8981 iqulethe i-single-chip edibeneyo yokulawula ukutshaja abafezekisa umphumo osebenzayo we-amplifier. Ixhasa i-0V yokutshaja i-pulse, i-precharge, ukutshaja ngokuqhubekayo, ukutshaja rhoqo kwamandla ombane, umhla wokugqibela, kunye nolawulo lokutshaja ngokutsha. Ulawulo lokutshaja olukrelekrele.

Ixhasa iisetingi eziguquguqukayo zombane wokuqalisa otshajiswe ngaphambili, intlawulo yangoku eqhubekayo, ixabiso lokutshaja ombane rhoqo, kunye nexabiso lokutshaja elinqunyiweyo langoku. Ukongeza, i-OZ8981 ine-voltage ephezulu yokuchaja echanekileyo ("1%) kunye nemveliso yangoku ("5%); ngohlengahlengiso lwangaphandle lokumelana, ukuchaneka kwemveliso yombane ingaba "0.5%).

Inkxaso yoshicilelo lokutshaja kabini: ukutshaja kwangaphambili, ukutshaja rhoqo kombane ngexesha (ubuninzi beeyure ezi-5, okanye hayi). Inkxaso yokukhusela ukushisa okubili: ukukhusela ukushisa kwangaphakathi (115 ¡ã C), ukhuseleko lwangaphandle lweqondo lokushisa eliphezulu (i-default: 44 ¡ã C) kunye nokukhusela ukushisa okuphantsi (okungagqibekanga: 2 ¡ã C). Indawo yokukhusela ukushisa kwangaphandle ingaba yimimiselo yangaphandle eguquguqukayo.

Inkxaso yokutshaja ukhuseleko loxinzelelo, ukukhuselwa kwe-overcurrent, ukukhuselwa kwesekethe emfutshane. Inkxaso yokubona ukufikelela ngokuzenzekelayo kwebhetri, umboniso othe ngqo we-LED wombuso wokutshaja. Isixhobo samkela iphakheji yendalo yonke SOP16.

Ikhiwane. I-4 yigrafu ebonisa igrafu yokutshaja ye-OZ8981 lithium ion ibhetri. Ngokudibanisa ne-chip ye-PWM yangaphambili, i-OZ8981 iya kunceda abasebenzisi ngokukhawuleza bafezekise i-lithium-ion ishaja yebhetri ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo kunye nexabiso eliphantsi.