Battery underground recycle hidden lead risk

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

The fate of the individual operation of the Founding of Field, changes due to battery. He is more than 100 million yuan due to illegally operating waste lead-acid batteries, and has been sentenced to four years in prison for four months, and fined 100,000 yuan. The judgment showed that Tian Jianguo did not obtain a legal license, in August 2012, in April 2012, located in Yuezhuang Village, Liugari Town, Tongshan District, Xuzhou City, and leased two refinery plants.

Any pollution prevention measures, under non-close-negative pressure conditions, reduce the use of waste-free battery-lead-acid batteries to produce lead production, and will be discharged into the groove. This original dismantling method will cause great pollution on the environment, and there is also a big damage to the human body. Direct discharge of untreated acid solutions, will cause water, soil pollution.

In an environment with a high lead content, it will make the human blood content exceed the standard, or even lead poisoning, thereby damaging the brain nervous system, and has great adverse effects on hematopoietic function, kidney, bones. Lead-acid batteries are hazardous waste, and they need to obtain "Hazardous Waste Business License" to carry out relevant recycling and reuse. However, my country's Environmental Science Research Institute has been developed, and 85% of lead materials produced annually in China are used to produce lead-acid batteries.

And, the regular channel recovery rate of official licensed is not reached. That is to say, more than 80% of lead every year, not subject to government supervision, into the underground industry chain, from production, processing, recovery. The "Finance" reporter found that since 2014, 17 judgments have been sentenced to pollution environment for the crime of pollution due to illegal dismantling lead-acid battery activities.

Previously, there is so much such jurisprudence. On the one hand, it is the underground industry chain wilder growth. On the one hand, the formal recycling channel of the lead-acid battery is in cost, and it is difficult to resist the impact from the underground.

Under the difficulty of being difficult to return, to reverse the lead-acid battery passive situation still needs more policies to promote. "Regular Army" is not a "guerrilla" Tian Jianguo is not a preliminary committee. In February 2012, he was asked by the "Demolition of Waste Bottles", which was asked by the Hedong Branch of the Linyi City, Shandong Province.

According to the instructions issued by the Bureau, in view of his timely stopping, and the plot is light, Not punished. Subsequently, the "career" upgrade of Xuzhou and Tian Jianguo. Since October 2012, he has purchased more than 13,500 ton waste lead-acid batteries from Zhang and others, and the value of 108 million yuan, then restores lead production, and then sells the production of lead ingots to Gong, etc.

people. Illegal emissions, dumping, disposal of hazardous waste 3 tons, that is, it should be considered "serious pollution environment" and constitute pollution environmental crimes. The waste lead-acid batteries involved in Tian Jianguo have far exceed this standard.

In general, lead-acid batteries contain 74% lead plate, 20% sulfuric acid and 6% plastics. High proportion of lead capacity increases the value of recovery. According to the "my country Environment News", there are currently three major subjects of domestic waste lead-acid battery: social group recovery accounts for more than 85% of the total amount, and the recovery of regenerated lead production companies accounts for about 8%, and the recovery of battery distributors is about 8%.

7%. The lead-acid battery is not high. Under the talented conditions, individual traders can disassemble the lead plate, the acid solution is directly poured; then a large pot heating, put the lead plate into the pot melt, while Plus a little iron powder, because lead is heavy, will sink to the bottom of the pot, get regenerated lead.

In the 12th Five-Year Plan of Heavy Metal Pollution Comprehensive Prevention, lead is included in the first place of heavy metal pollutants in key prevention and control. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, the national industrial structure adjustment, renewable resource recycling company experienced a wave of baptism, strictly enforced environmental standards. However, zero scattered, distributed in the private lead-acid battery individuals, the hand of supervision is difficult to touch.

After leading the product, the recovery rate of the formal channel is so low, "" lead pollution prevention is failed in the '12th Five-Year Plan ". Wang Hongmei, a researcher, an environmental safety research center in my country Environmental Science, told the "Finance" reporter. The contradiction is that since the waste lead-acid batteries are hazardous waste, this should be incorporated from the front end to danger management, and is traceable in the circulation of circulation.

Reality, lead-acid batteries are sold and circulating in general merchandise, which means no one can buy, and cannot be traced. Recycling companies on the end of the lead-acid battery, need dangerous waste business qualification. There are 34 companies from the national licensed lead-acid battery integrated business license.

Wang Hongmei said that there is only one qualified company unit in each province, and some provinces are not even, the quantity is very limited. Xinjiang has no qualified lead-acid battery regeneration treatment company. If you want to formulate waste lead-acid batteries, you must handle the procedures of cross-provincial hazardous waste transfer, but also to transfer the transfer from the province and undertake the transfer between the provinces.

Joint single, very trouble, this cost and difficulty are very large. As a result, a large number of individuals who do not have a hazardous waste business license controlled the recycling channel of the lead-acid battery, and the "guerrilla" grabbed the "Regular Army" business. Zhang Xizhong, Vice President of my country's Nonferrous Metal Industry Association Recycled Metal Branch, said that there are hundreds of illegal regenerated lead production points, important distribution in Henan, Jiangxi, Hebei, Shandong and other places.

Tian Jianguo's two refraction plants were once part of this huge underground industry chain. Not economical, it is difficult to continue to have more than 80% of lead recovery every year outside the government supervision line, what is the reason? Key is cost. Wang Jingzhong, executive vice chairman of my country's Battery Industry Association, told the "Financial" reporter, the regular company's recycling cost is relatively high, and the cost of recovery of individual companies is very low, this problem has not been solved now.

Since illegal recycling is often simple, there is basically no environmental protection; and regular companies should invest in environmental, equipment, technology, and the cost is far more than illegal companies. Taking the acid fluid in the lead-acid battery as an example, the cost of forming these acids is that the treatment of a cubic rice acid solution is tens of dollars, and for illegal companies, it is often directly to the seepage or ditch. As long as it is not caught, the cost is zero.

A person who is close to the lead-acid battery recycling industry introduces that many smelting companies are willing to recover their individual merchants to remove the cells of the acid, which can save the acid-liquid treatment fee. In addition, regular companies should pay taxes and pay employee social security, which will add the company's operating costs. The cost gap, let the "guerrilla" have an idea to give a high recovery price than the "Regular Army", the recycling or consumer is also more happy to sell the waste lead-acid battery to the price.

Economic benefits are also rules that measure whether battery recovery is worth making. For example, the use of a huge battery, that is, the home dry battery, due to the value of the regeneration, and the "guerrilla" "Regular Army" is disappeared, and there is no effective recycling and treatment system. "Now (primary battery) cycle technology is no problem, but not economical.

If you are not economical, there is no company to do it. "Qu Ruijing, researcher in my country's Circular Economy Association, told" Finance "reporter. As early as 2000, eight cities including Beijing, were identified as garbage sorting to collect pilot cities, and the recycling of the abandoned primary battery was gradually attached.

How many land can be contaminated with a battery, how much water? Popularity and understanding of popularity has inspired people's environmentally friendly, willing to concentrate the battery to the specified recovery point. In the new eyes of Beijing, Wang Wang from Beijing, it is the "best time" in this industry. In 2002, Beijing Second Qing'an Sanitation Group Co.

, Ltd. accepted the government commission and recycled the waste battery. The good scene is not long, the second year, the original country's Environmental Protection Administration and other five departments will jointly introduce "Waste Battery Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology Policy", and determine the recycling of waste cells as a recycled battery and button battery, which does not encourage centralized collection.

A battery that reaches the country's low mercury or mercury-free. At that time, the primary batteries sold in the market have reached the country, low and mercury-free requirements, and they can be discarded. Because, the battery is not diluted with the dilution of the shell protection and a lot of garbage, and the landfill will not cause pollution.

Instead, it is concentrated, and it is easy to deal with mercury pollution in local areas. However, Beijing citizens still have the environmental enthusiasm of a battery, until the end of 2011, the second Qing Sanitation Group has collected 1298.99 tons of battery.

In the meantime, 228 tons of waste cells were sent to Tianjin, got a concentrated control of harmlessness, and the comprehensive cost is about 1800 yuan per ton. In 2014, the remaining 1300 tons of waste batteries were also sent to Tianjin for harmless landfill. In August 2015, the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued a document in recent years.

In recent years, our department has studied the pollution characteristics of waste batteries through environmental public welfare projects. The results show that the waste of the battery with domestic garbage, it is possible to cause difficulty in handling difficulty Or additional environmental risks, such as incineration leads to the enrichment of zinc in fly ash, adding fly ash disposal difficulty. Accordingly, the Ministry of Environmental Protection believes that the collection and recycling of the waste-in-one battery has certain positive significance, and revealed that cooperation with the Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, etc.

Recycling pilot. On February 16, this year, the Ministry of Environmental Protection announced the "Waste Battery Pollution Prevention and Treatment Technology Policy (Draft for Comment)" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). The core is: increase the recovery of lead.

This is the first revision of this policy 13 years. "Opinions" said that the classification of waste batteries is encouraged to prevent and domestic garbage mix. These changes have made Wang Zixin look forward to the "ice cream" of his battery recycling career in 2016.

Wang Zicheng founded Beijing Donghua Xinxin Waste Battery Recycling Co., Ltd., only more than 50 tons of waste batteries in Beijing last year.

According to him, this is about 1% of the total amount of waste batteries in Beijing last year. In a warehouse in Daxing, there are more than 300 tons of waste cells, most of which are one battery. Since the value of recycling is not high, these batteries are basically available.

Wang Zixin said that many years of recycling these batteries is important to public welfare. However, a person who knows that after the "Opinions" comes out, the two-party opinion on the call should be recycled is more fierce. One is a prudent, one party insists that it is necessary to write it into garbage classification, and must be recycled.

Who pays a single battery compared to a battery, the rechargeable secondary battery contains some more valuable metals such as nickel, lithium, lead, cadmium, etc., in China, lead-acid batteries are widely used in automobile launching power and supply power for electric bicycles. The recycling value is high, which is also the driving of the fields of the fields and smelting, the purchase, and smelting.

In this regard, "The Opinions" gives a solution path, ie lead-acid battery production company should actively perform the production of responsible extension system, using sales channels to establish waste lead-acid battery recovery systems, or entrusting a qualified regenerative lead company, etc. Relevant units, effective recovery of waste lead-acid batteries. Encourage lead-acid batteries to use sales channels to establish waste storage battery recycling mechanisms, and establish waste battery recovery processing systems with renewable lead companies that meet the requirements of industrial policy.

Wang Hongmei said: "The lead-acid battery should advocate the national leading recycling system, but can not be recycled by the folks. "According to the example of the environmental protection department, it is the technical policy, and then there will be a series of standards, guides and standards. How is the effect of execution?.

A battery recovery is unprofitable, it can prevent the recycling of the "Underground Army". In fact, there is no difficulty in China, and it is difficult to continue in China. For example, in Beijing, there is clearly stipulated in the garbage.

To classify, there is a heavy metal in the battery. For incineration, incineration will block heavy metals in the battery, but the oxidation is reduced to two or two, and finally there will be exposed risks. However, the recycling system of rebuilding a battery is also time, because "Now the community life recycling system is close to collapse.

"Qu Ruijing analysis. In fact, developed countries have been carried out separately to recycle ordinary batteries, and is usually collected by the waste battery alone when conducting domestic garbage classification collection. Wang Zizhong believes that the original intention of the Ministry of Environmental Protection is still wanting to recycle, but there is no treatment factory that dare not accept.

Since 1996, my country's large-scale waste battery recycling, and finally caused a lot of pressure, the leaders of the Ministry of Environmental Protection said to him, "As long as you have built it, we fully help you. "Wang Zixin is ready to set up 1000 battery recovery boxes in Beijing this year, develop a new intelligent waste battery recycle machine. The recycling machine is important to receive a battery, buttons, buttons, it is also possible to have a mobile phone battery.

Moreover, the current domestic waste battery recycling system is basically closed, which makes it grow more and more stored in various places. The cost of processing the battery is very high, without several factories can perform subsequent processing of the battery. Changt Tao, general manager of Beijing Yingchuang Renewable Resources Recycling Co.

, Ltd., has been investigating, if the waste battery is sent to the door, if you recover, it is not enough to cover the logistics cost, you can only rely on government subsidies, "We must not do it." Lost the sale, there is profit, this is not a public welfare.

". Wang Zishin did not dare to do a larger-scale recycle, because the recycling economic pressure is relatively large, the logistics cost is about 2,000 yuan one ton. He is doing public welfare recycling, the more you pay more.

However, the insiders of the financial subsidies are also reserved. Even Chang Tao also believes that there is no effective metering means, making financial sustained subsidies are not reasonable. "Consumers spend two yuan to buy batteries do not have costs for hazardous waste disposal, this logic is wrong.

In Australia, buy batteries to 2.5 AUD. Policies should go in this direction, after all, the market economy, don't let everyone have money, only relying on subsidy is no way.

Chang Tao said. In order to strengthen the recovery management of waste batteries, the requirements of the waste battery recovery management of Germany will be used for consumers to send a battery or waste recycling station, and the store and waste recycling station must receive unconditionally. Waste battery, and transfer processing manufacturers for recovery treatment.

At the same time, Germany's battery recycling system also has a deposit system to toxic nickel-cadmium batteries and mercury-containing batteries, which is a certain deposit in each battery purchased by consumers. When consumers have a waste battery, the price Can be automatically deducted from deposits. Germany's circular economy promotion law, let consumers, producers and circulation are responsible for environmental protection.

"In, Japan, Germany's recycling system, who consulates who is burden, only funds are managed by the fund organization, by the supervisory company to allocate, clear recycling company, pay, where to send, factory How many goods, both sides supervise each other. Chang Tao introduction. In January 2015, the State Administration of Taxation and the Ministry of Finance issued a notice, jointly imposed battery consumption tax.

Wang Hongmei believes that the waste battery is recycled and must rely on reasonable economic policies to solve, but economic policies should not cut a knife. The problem of battery consumption tax is that regardless of the type of battery, only according to the sales of production companies, pay taxes according to 4% proportion. If you sell 100 yuan battery, 4 yuan should be used for taxation.

In addition, although the environmental banquet is hit, whether the tax payment fee is used to support and subsidize the regeneration company. my country's Battery Industry Association advocates the establishment of a recycling system with the old replacement, through sales channels, but has not been able to implement. Wang Jingzhong, executive vice president of the association, told the "Finance" reporter, according to the "who produced, who sells, who is recycling, who is handled", let battery manufacturers recycle waste batteries through sales channels, handled or transferred to others Recycling; battery manufacturer establishes battery processing equipment, if it has not been established, it can be established or entrustted to other special people to recycle; or pay the recycled material to plus the factory, pay the processing fee.

In short, it is a market-oriented operation and negotiation. In the end, no matter what method to make the battery regression regular recycling channel, will experience a painful multi-party game. .