Luyini udonga lwamandla?

Luyini udonga lwamandla?

I-Power wall ingumkhiqizo wokugcina amandla wasekhaya omile ofakwe ibhethri le-lithium-ion elishajekayo. Ngokuvamile udonga lukagesi lugcina ugesi ukuze uzisebenzisele amandla elanga, isikhathi sokusebenzisa ukushintshwa komthwalo, namandla ayisipele, okuthi iyakwazi ukushaja umndeni wonke, okuhlanganisa i-TV, i-air conditioner, amalambu, njll futhi okuhloswe kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya. Ivamise ukuza ngezindlela ezihlukene osayizi, imibala, umthamo okuzisholo nokunye, ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka abanikazi bezindlu ngomthombo onokwethenjelwa wamandla ahlanzekile futhi usize ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwabo igridi.

Isakhiwo sodonga lwamandla

Ingxenye eyinhloko yodonga lwamandla yenziwe ngamaseli ebhethri e-Lithium-ion, I-BMS, i-inverter kanye nephrothokholi yokuxhumana, zonke zisebenza ndawonye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kodonga lwamandla. Ngokuvamile ekuseni i-solar iqala ukunika amandla ekhaya, ukuze i-solar eyeqile izosetshenziselwa ukushaja amandla udonga. Ngemva kwalokho, udonga lwamandla lungasebenzisa ikhaya ebusuku futhi ngokuvamile lube namandla udonga ngokuvamile luzogcina u-30% wesitoreji ukuze kuqinisekiswe amandla anele wamandla ukunqamuka.

Ayini amaseli ebhethri e-Lithium-ion?

Njengenhliziyo yodonga lwamandla, amaseli ebhethri e-lithium-ion akhethekile yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zokugcina amandla ezisebenza kahle. Amandla aphezulu ukuminyana kwamaseli ebhethri le-lithium-ion nakho kwenza udonga lwamandla lunikeze umthamo wokugcina wokugcina endaweni encane yefomu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kodonga lwamandla, amaseli ebhethri e-lithium-ion aphathwa nge- isistimu yokuphatha ibhethri eyindida yokuqapha ukusebenza kwayo ngayinye iseli ngalinye futhi uqinisekise ukuthi amaseli ashajiwe futhi akhishwe endaweni ephephile imikhawulo.

Iyini i-BMS?

I-BMS (Isistimu Yokulawula Ibhethri) yodonga lwamandla yakhelwe ukuqapha futhi ulawule isimo sebhethri, okuhlanganisa nokuqapha izinga leselula, ukushaja kanye nokulawula kokukhipha, ukulinganisa kwe-SOC kanye Nokuxhumana nokulawula isikhombimsebenzisi, esiza ngokuqhubekayo ukunweba ubude bempilo yebhethri.

Yini i-inverter?

I-Inverter isebenza ukuguqula ugesi we-DC usuka kubhethri ube yi-AC ugesi ongasetshenziswa ukunika amandla imithwalo kagesi yasendlini. Iyasetshenziswa futhi ukulawula ukuhamba kukagesi kanye nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, okwenza futhi qiniseka ukuthi ugesi ungasatshalaliswa ukuze unike amandla ugesi wasekhaya imithwalo.

Iyini inqubo yokuxhumana?

Iphrothokholi yokuxhumana yakhiwe yiModbus RTU, Modbus TCP,CAN ibhasi kanye I-Wi-Fi.Nakuba i-Modbus RTU, udonga lwamandla luxhumana namanye amadivaysi nge-serial uxhumano. Ngenkathi umthetho olandelwayo we-Modbus TCP usetshenziswa ukuxhumana namadivayisi ngokusebenzisa i-Ethernet. Ngokuqondene nebhasi le-CAN, iyiphrothokholi yamabhasi amakhosi amaningi ivumela amadivaysi ukuthi axhumane. Ngokusebenzisa lezi zokuxhumana amaphrothokholi, udonga lwamandla lungashintshanisa idatha yesikhathi sangempela namanye amadivaysi ku- uhlelo lwamandla, oluwusizo ekwenzeni amandla nokuphatha.

Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kodonga lwamandla

Udonga lwamandla esizukulwane sokuqala lwethulwa ngo-2015, nesitoreji umthamo we-6.4Kwh wokusetshenziswa komjikelezo wansuku zonke (ukusebenzisa amandla elanga, isikhathi sokusebenzisa umthwalo ukushintsha). Ngalesi sikhathi udonga lwamandla lwaluhlanganisa i-DC futhi lungasebenza kangcono ndawonye namasistimu elanga. Kwathi ngo-2016, udonga lwamandla lwathuthukiswa lwaba ngu-13.5 kWh amandla futhi ikwazi ukuletha amandla angu-5 kW ngokuqhubekayo futhi afinyelele ku-7 kW amandla aphakeme ngokuqhuma okufushane (kufika kumasekhondi ayi-10), futhi ngalesi sikhathi idivayisi bekuyi-AC coupling ebhanqwe nesisetshenziswa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Backup Gateway, esebenza njenge- ukudlulisa switch kanye nendawo yokulayisha. Ngemva kwalokho, udonga lwamandla seluthuthukile ngokushesha, okungaletha amanani aphezulu wamandla, nokuthi ukusebenza izonikwa amandla ngesibuyekezo sesofthiwe esemoyeni, esingenza kube lula nakakhulu ukufakwa futhi ivumela ukulethwa kwamandla okukhulu nakakhulu ngezikhathi zokugcwala ilanga.

Kuwo wonke umlando wayo, singabona amandla odongeni kuyoba ezithengekayo futhi esebenza kahle ngokuqhubekayo, futhi iyahambisana nohlu olubanzi lwamandla imithombo.

Izinhlobo zodonga lwamandla

Ngokuvamile, udonga lwamandla lungahlukaniswa lube izinhlobo ezimbili ngokusekelwe ekutheni azimele odongeni lukagesi oluxhunywe kugridi lukazwelonke kanye ne-off-grid udonga lwamandla.

l Udonga lwamandla oluxhunywe kwigridi

Njengohlobo lwesistimu yokugcina ibhethri, udonga lwamandla oluxhunywe kugridi luxhunyiwe kugridi kagesi, engakhokhiswa kugridi noma amandla avuselelekayo imithombo efana namandla elanga noma omoya ukuze isetshenziswe ngesikhathi samandla aphezulu amahora okusetshenziswa. Udonga lwamandla oluxhunywe kugridi alukwazi nje ukusiza ukunciphisa igridi umthwalo , izindleko eziphansi zamandla nokwandisa ukuzimela kwamandla, kodwa futhi unikeze amandla ayisipele ngesikhathi sokucisha kukagesi. Ngakho-ke, izindonga zamandla ezixhunywe kugridi zine ubone inani elikhulu lentshisekelo kubantu abafuna ukugcina amandla elanga amaningi amandla, ukwandisa ukuzidla futhi ube namandla azimele.

l Udonga lwamandla angaphandle kwegridi

Ngokuphambene nodonga lwamandla oluxhunywe kugridi, udonga lwamandla angaphandle kwegridi luwuhlobo lwe isistimu yokugcina ibhethri engaxhumekile kugridi kagesi.Amandla yodonga lwamandla olukhiqizwa emini lungasetshenziswa ubusuku nemini, okuyinto ingathuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi futhi iqinisekise ukuqhubeka uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kwesikhashana kokuphakelwa kukagesi. Ngakho-ke, kuye kwaba ngaphezulu futhi kudume kakhulu njengoba ukushintshela kumandla avuselelekayo kuyashesha. Futhi ngokusho idatha ekhishwe yi-Orient Securities, isidingo sama-inverter ayi-hybrid for izimakethe ezikhulayo kanye nama-inverters angaphandle kwegridi aqhubekile nokukhula, ikakhulukazi ku I-U.S. INingizimu Afrika kanye nezinye izindawo ezinezinga eliphezulu lokukhanya kwelanga.

Ukusetshenziswa kodonga lwamandla

NJENGOBA isistimu yesitoreji sebhethri yasekhaya eklanyelwe ukugcina amandla, udonga lwamandla lunjalo ngokuyinhloko isetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala, kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa emphakathini izindawo.

l Izilungiselelo zokuhlala

I-Power wall yakhelwe ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokuhlala ngoba i- isixazululo esihlangene, esingabizi, nesisebenzayo sokugcina amandla kubanikazi bezindlu. Okokuqala, udonga lwamandla luvumela amakhasimende ukuthi onge ezindlekweni futhi agweme ubungozi boku ukucisha kukagesi. Futhi ngenxa yodonga lwamandla, amakhasimende awancikile kunsiza ngezidingo zamandla, ngakho-ke zivikelwe ekukhuphukeni kwamanani, ukunikezwa ukushintshashintsha nokucisha ugesi. Futhi njengoba imikhiqizo yodonga lwamandla igcina ngokuyinhloko kusuka umthombo wamandla ahlanzekile, avuselelekayo:ilanga, elisiza ukunciphisa ikhabhoni ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ukwengeza, udonga lwamandla lujabulisa ngobuhle futhi luyinto yakhelwe ukuxubana nomklamo wekhaya, okwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile izicelo zokuhlala.

l Izindawo zomphakathi

Izindawo zomphakathi yizindawo eziklanyelwe ukuzijabulisa futhi ezivulekile kuwo wonke amalungu omphakathi, enikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinsiza namasevisi, okudinga ukuphathwa ngempumelelo kwezindawo zomphakathi ukuze kuqinisekiswe isikhathi eside sazo ukusimama nokusebenza. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo njengodonga lwamandla lungasiza ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wezindawo zomphakathi kanye ukuhlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla onokwethenjelwa ezinsizeni ezibalulekile. Uma kwenzeka ukucisha kukagesi, udonga lwamandla lunganikeza amandla ayisipele ezinsizeni ezibalulekile izindawo zomphakathi njengokukhanyisa, izinhlelo zokuxhumana, kanye nemishini yezokwelapha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingafakwa kalula ezindaweni zomphakathi, inikeze okulula kanye nomthombo wamandla ofinyeleleka kalula kumalungu omphakathi.

Izitayela zokuthuthukiswa kodonga lwamandla

Njengomkhiqizi omkhulu wegesi, iRussia yamemezela ukumisa ukunikezwa kwegesi ku IYurophu, eye yasongela ukunikezwa kwamandla emazweni aseYurophu. Ngenxa yalokho, izidingo zodonga lwamandla zibone intuthuko enhle. Ukuze ukuqinisekisa ukuvikeleka kwamandla, amazwe amaningi asheshise ijubane lamandla uguquko. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, eminyakeni embalwa edlule, isithakazelo ku izixazululo zokugcina amandla zinyukile ngenxa yesidingo samandla athembekile hlinzeka. Izindonga zamandla, okungamabhethri amakhulu agcinayo ugesi ukuze zisetshenziswe kamuva, ziye zavela njengesixazululo esithandwayo sakho kokubili izicelo zokuhlala nezokuhweba.

Ukuqapha nokuphatha okuthuthukile amasistimu avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqaphe ukusebenzisa kwabo amandla, bathuthukise ukushaja futhi ukushajwa kwebhethri, ngisho nokuthengisa amandla angasetshenzisiwe emuva kwabo umhlinzeki kagesi. Futhi njengoba ukukhiqizwa kukhuphuka nobuchwepheshe buthuthuka, i izindleko zezindonga zikagesi kulindeleke ukuthi zehle, okuzenza kube inketho engenzeka abantu abengeziwe. Isibonelo, ngokuya nge-BNEF, isitoreji samandla sasekhaya sifakiwe Umthamo wase-Europe usufinyelele ku-639MW/1179MWh kanye nesitoreji samandla sasekhaya umthamo ofakiwe we-U.S. isifinyelele ku-154MW/431MWh ekupheleni kuka-2020. Kunjalo ibikezele ukuthi umthamo ofakiwe wesitoreji samandla sasekhaya uzofinyelelwa 25.45GW/58.26GWh kanye namandla afakiwe CAGR 58% phakathi no-2021-2025.

Ngokungangabazeki ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe, amandla okugcina udonga lwamandla luzokwandiswa futhi nokuphathwa kwamandla kuzothuthukiswa. Udonga lwamandla lungabuye luthuthukiswe ukuze lusebenze ngaphandle komthungo ngezinhlelo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile, okwenza abanikazi bezindlu bakwazi ukuqapha nokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwamandla bekude.The ukwandisa ukuqwashisa ngokuphepha kwabantu kudinga nokwakhiwa kodonga lwamandla ngezici zokuphepha ezithuthuke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amasistimu ebhethri aphephile ukusetshenziswa ezindlini nasemabhizinisini.

Izithiyo zemboni zodonga lwamandla

Noma udonga lwamandla luzogcina umbono omuhle ngokuzayo iminyaka, isabhekene nezinselelo eziningi. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala kungaba a isithiyo esibalulekile kubanikazi bezindlu noma amabhizinisi, ikakhulukazi abahola kancane noma amazwe asathuthuka. Futhi udonga lwamandla ludinga izinga elithile lobuchwepheshe ubuchwepheshe bokufaka nokusebenza kahle, nakho okuyinselele abathengi. Kubakhiqizi, izici zodonga lwamandla zisho ukuphakama ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-R&D nezinqolobane eziqinile zobuchwepheshe, ezizoholela emigomeni yezimboni.

Iseluleko sokutshala imali odongeni lwamandla

Ngokuduma kodonga lwamandla, amabhethri ne-PCS kuzozuza okuningi kukho yona. Isibonelo, ngokuya nge-ORIENT SECURITY, imakethe ekhuphukayo yebhethri Isikhala sizofinyelela cishe ku-11.4 billion USD ngenkathi indawo yemakethe ye-PCS ikhuphuka izofinyelela cishe ku-3.04 billion USD, ngakho-ke yithuba elihle lokutshala imali. Kodwa-ke, sicela ukhumbule ukuthi imakethe iyaguquguquka futhi tshala ngokuqaphela. Isibonelo, ubungozi bokuthi izinga lokukhula kwemakethe liphansi kunalokho obekubikezelwe kanye nengozi yokukhuphuka kwamanani ezinto ezibonakalayo. Ukwengeza, kubalulekile ukuba qaphela ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali odongeni lwamandla kuncike kumazinga kagesi kuwo izindawo ezahlukene, kanye nenani ukonga kuzoncika ubukhulu uhlelo, amaphethini okusetshenziswa kwamandla nezinye izici.

Ulwazi Olujwayelekile odongeni lwamandla

l Ngezokuphepha: Ngokuvamile, udonga lwamandla luza nezici eziningi zokuphepha ukuze vikela abasebenzisi, okuhlanganisa ukuvikeleka kokubaleka okushisayo, ukuvikela isifunda esifushane, ukuvikelwa kwamanje kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-over-voltage. Ukwengeza, kunjalo iklanyelwe ukucisha ngokuzenzakalelayo uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo noma ukuphela kukagesi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha komsebenzisi.

l Ngobuchwepheshe: Ngodonga lwamandla amaningi, ludinga ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bobunikazi ukupakisha nokupholisa amaseli emaphaketheni ane-coolent liquid, ngenkathi use- ngesikhathi esifanayo i-BMS, amaseli ebhethri e-Lithium-ion, i-inverter kanye nephrothokholi yokuxhumana nazo zifakiwe.

l Ngezindlela zokulondoloza: Ngokuvamile, udonga lwamandla kulindeleke ukuthi lusetshenziswe iminyaka eyishumi. Nokho, akhona amanye amathiphu ongayenza ukuze usize ukwelula impilo odongeni lwakho lwamandla: okokuqala, amabhethri odonga lwamandla aklanyelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi izinga lokushisa elingu -20°C kuya ku-50°C (-4°F kuya ku-122°F), ngakho khumbula ukugwema ukushisa ngokweqile kodonga lwamandla. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwebhethri ukusebenza kuzokusiza ukuthi ubone noma yiziphi izinkinga noma okudidayo. Okokugcina, ungakhohlwa ukuqapha njalo nokugcina ama-solar panel uma udonga lwakho lwamandla ixhunywe kuma-solar panel.

l Ukuthenga: Ngaphambi kokuthenga udonga lwamandla, kubalulekile ukwenza umqondo izidingo zakho zamandla, okuzokusiza ukuthi ukhethe usayizi olungile kanye nenombolo ye amabhethri ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamandla omndeni wakho.Khetha elilodwa elingasekela imithwalo emikhulu, ukuze ukwazi ukunika amandla okwengeziwe kwalokho okudingayo, nodonga lwamandla izoqhubekela phambili uma inika amandla izinto zikagesi zasendlini ezincane, ezisebenza kahle kakhulu. Qaphela ukuthi uma usuvele unesistimu yephaneli yelanga efakiwe, qiniseka ukuthi ukhetha a udonga lwamandla oluhambisana nokusetha kwakho okukhona. Ekugcineni, umthengisi ukuthi inikeza intengo yokuncintisana, iwaranti enhle, kanye nenkonzo yamakhasimende evelele futhi kubaluleke kakhulu.

Emhlabeni, udonga lwamandla lubhekene nethuba lemakethe elingakaze libonwe, i amandla okwandisa imithelela yezinto ezingalawuleki nokonga imali wakhuphula ukukhula kwazo. Ngakho-ke ukuqonda okubanzi kwalo kubonisa okukhulu ukubaluleka, ngethemba ngobuqotho ukuthi lesi sihloko sizoba usizo kuwe!