Yintoni udonga lwamandla?

Yintoni udonga lwamandla?

Udonga lwamandla yimveliso yogcino lwamandla yekhaya emileyo enezixhobo ibhetri ye-lithium-ion etshajwayo. Ngokubanzi udonga lwamandla lugcina umbane kuba solar self-ukusetyenziswa, ixesha ukusetyenziswa umthwalo shift, kunye namandla backup, leyo iyakwazi ukuhlawulisa usapho lonke, kubandakanywa iTV, i-air conditioner, izibane, njl kwaye ijolise ikakhulu kusetyenziso lwasekhaya. Ngokuqhelekileyo iza kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo ubukhulu, imibala, umthamo wegama njalo njalo, ngenjongo yokubonelela abaninimzi ngomthombo othembekileyo wamandla acocekileyo kunye nokunceda ukunciphisa ukuthembela kwabo kwi igridi.

Ubume bodonga lwamandla

Inxalenye ephambili yodonga lwamandla yenziwe ngeeseli zebhetri zeLithium-ion, I-BMS, i-inverter kunye neprotocol yonxibelelwano, zonke zisebenza kunye ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kodonga lwamandla. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusasa i-solar iqala ukunika amandla ekhaya, ukuze i-solar engaphezulu iya kusetyenziselwa ukubiza amandla udonga. Emva koko, udonga lwamandla lukwazi ukuqhuba ikhaya ebusuku kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo amandla udonga luya kugcina i-30% yokugcina ukuqinisekisa amandla aneleyo ombane ukucima.

Yintoni iiseli zebhetri yeLithium-ion?

Njengentliziyo yodonga lwamandla, iiseli zebhetri ze-lithium-ion zikhethekileyo yenzelwe usetyenziso oluphezulu lokugcina amandla. Amandla aphezulu Ubuninzi beeseli zebhetri ze-lithium-ion zenza ukuba udonga lwamandla lubonelele umthamo ophezulu wokugcina kwifom encinci yefom. Ngaphezu koko, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nobude obude bodonga lwamandla, iiseli zebhetri ze-lithium-ion zilawulwa nge inkqubo yolawulo lwebhetri ephucukileyo ukujonga ukusebenza kwayo nganye iseli nganye kwaye uqinisekise ukuba iiseli zihlawuliswe kwaye zikhutshwe ngaphakathi kokhuseleko imida.

Yintoni i-BMS?

I-BMS (iNkqubo yoLawulo lweBattery) yodonga lwamandla yenzelwe ukujonga kunye nokulawula imeko yebhetri, kubandakanywa ukubeka iliso kwinqanaba leseli, ukutshaja kunye nolawulo lokukhutshwa, uqikelelo lwe-SOC kunye noNxibelelwano nolawulo interface, enceda ngakumbi ukwandisa ubomi bebhetri.

Yintoni i-inverter?

Inverter imisebenzi ukuguqula umbane DC ukusuka ibhetri ukuya AC umbane onokusetyenziswa ukunika amandla imithwalo yombane yekhaya. Iyasetyenziswa kwakhona ukulawula ukuhamba kombane kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, okwenza ngakumbi qiniseka ukuba umbane unokusasazwa kumbane wekhaya imithwalo.

Yintoni iprotocol yonxibelelwano?

Iprotocol yonxibelelwano yenziwe yi Modbus RTU, Modbus TCP,CAN ibhasi kunye I-Wi-Fi.Nangona i-Modbus RTU, udonga lwamandla lunxibelelana nezinye izixhobo nge-serial uqhagamshelwano. Ngelixa iModbus TCP protocol isetyenziselwa ukunxibelelana nezixhobo ngokusebenzisa i-Ethernet. Ngokuphathelele ibhasi ye-CAN, yiprotocol yebhasi eninzi ivumela izixhobo ukuba zinxibelelane enye kwenye. Ngokusebenzisa olu nxibelelwano Iiprothokholi, udonga lwamandla lunokutshintshisa idatha yexesha lokwenyani kunye nezinye izixhobo kwi inkqubo yamandla, eluncedo ekusebenziseni amandla kunye nolawulo.

Imbali yophuhliso lodonga lwamandla

Udonga lwamandla esizukulwana sokuqala lwaziswa kwi-2015, kunye nokugcinwa Umthamo we-6.4Kwh wokusetyenziswa komjikelo wemihla ngemihla (ukusebenzisa amandla elanga, ixesha lokusetyenziswa komthwalo ukutshintsha). Ngeli xesha udonga lwamandla lwaludibanisa iDC kwaye inokusebenza ngcono kunye kunye neenkqubo zelanga. Kwaye ngo-2016, udonga lwamandla lwaphuculwa nge-13.5 kWh umthamo kwaye ikwazile ukuzisa i-5 kW yamandla ngokuqhubekayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 kW amandla encopho ekuqhumeni okufutshane (ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzwana eyi-10), kwaye ngeli xesha isixhobo yayiyi-AC coupling idityaniswe nesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Backup Gateway, esebenza njenge utshintsho lokutshintshela kunye neziko lomthwalo. Emva koko, udonga lwamandla luye lwaphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza, enokunikezela ngezixa eziphezulu zamandla, kunye nokuba ukusebenza iya kwenziwa ngokuhlaziywa kwesoftware esemoyeni, enokwenza lula ngakumbi ukufakela kwaye ivumela unikezelo lwamandla nangakumbi ngexesha lokugcwala ilanga.

Kuyo yonke imbali yayo, sinokubona udonga lwamandla luya kufikeleleka ngakumbi kwaye esebenzayo ngakumbi, kunye nokuhambelana noluhlu olubanzi lwamandla imithombo.

Iindidi zodonga lwamandla

Ngokuqhelekileyo, udonga lwamandla lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezimbini ngokusekelwe ekubeni zizimele kudonga lwamandla lwesizwe -- oluqhagamshelwe kwigridi yamandla kunye ne-off-grid udonga lwamandla.

l Udonga lwamandla oluqhagamshelwe kwigridi

Njengohlobo lwenkqubo yokugcina ibhetri, udonga lwamandla oludityanisiweyo ludityanisiwe kwigridi yombane, enokuthi ihlawuliswe kwigridi okanye amandla avuselelekayo imithombo efana namandla elanga okanye omoya ukuze isetyenziswe ngexesha lamandla aphezulu iiyure zokusetyenziswa. Udonga lwamandla oludityanisiweyo lwegridi alukwazi ukunceda kuphela ukunciphisa igridi umthwalo , iindleko eziphantsi zamandla kunye nokwandisa ukuzimela kwamandla, kodwa nokubonelela ukugcinwa kombane ngexesha lokucima kombane. Ngoko ke, iindonga zamandla ezixhunyiwe kwigridi zine ubone umyinge omkhulu womdla kubantu abafuna ukugcina amandla elanga angaphezulu amandla, ukwandisa ukuzisebenzisa kwaye ube namandla ngakumbi okuzimela.

l Udonga lwamandla angaphandle kwegridi

Ngokuchasene nodonga lwamandla oludityanisiweyo lwegridi, udonga lwamandla angaphandle kwegridi luhlobo lwe inkqubo yokugcina ibhetri engaqhagamshelwanga kwigridi yombane yodonga lwamandla oluveliswa ngexesha lasemini lunokusetyenziswa kwiwotshi, leyo inokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kombane kunye nesiqinisekiso sokuqhubekeka kwimeko ukuphazamiseka okwethutyana kunikezelo lwamandla. Ke ngoko, kuye kwaba ngakumbi kwaye idume kakhulu njengoko inguqu kumandla ahlaziyekayo ikhawuleza. Kwaye ngokutsho idatha ekhutshwe yi-Orient Securities, imfuno ye-hybrid inverters ye iimarike ezongeziweyo kunye nabaguquli begridi baqhubekile nokukhula, ngakumbi kwi I-U.S UMzantsi Afrika kunye nezinye iindawo ezinomgangatho ophezulu welanga.

Ukusetyenziswa kodonga lwamandla

NJENGOKO inkqubo yokugcina ibhetri yekhaya eyenzelwe ukugcina amandla, udonga lwamandla lu isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiindawo zokuhlala, kodwa inokusetyenziswa nakuluntu iindawo.

l Iisetingi zokuhlala

Udonga lwaMandla lwenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhlala kuba luyi icompact, indleko-esebenzayo, kunye nesisombululo esisebenzayo sokugcina amandla kubanini bamakhaya. Okokuqala, udonga lwamandla luvumela abathengi ukuba bonge kwiindleko kwaye baphephe umngcipheko Ukucima kombane. Kwaye ngenxa yodonga lwamandla, abathengi abaxhomekeke kwinto eluncedo kwiimfuno zamandla, kwaye ke ngoko zikhuselwe kwi-spikes zamaxabiso, ukubonelela ukuguquguquka kunye nokucima umbane. Kwaye ekubeni iimveliso zodonga lwamandla zigcina ikakhulu ukusuka umthombo wamandla acocekileyo, ahlaziyekayo: ilanga, eliluncedo ekunciphiseni ikhabhoni izinto ezikhutshwayo. Ukongeza, udonga lwamandla luyathandeka kwaye luyathandeka yenzelwe ukudibanisa kunye noyilo lwekhaya, iyenza ibe lukhetho oludumileyo lwe izicelo zokuhlala.

l Iindawo zoluntu

Iindawo zikawonke-wonke ziindawo ezilungiselelwe imisebenzi yokuzonwabisa kwaye zivulekile kuwo onke amalungu oluntu, anikezela ngoluhlu lwezinto eziluncedo kunye neenkonzo, efuna ulawulo olusebenzayo lweendawo zoluntu ukuqinisekisa ixesha labo elide uzinzo kunye nokusebenza. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ezinzileyo ezifana nodonga lwamandla lunokunceda ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yeendawo zoluntu kunye ukubonelela ngomthombo othembekileyo wamandla kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo. Kwimeko ye Ukucima kombane, udonga lwamandla lunokubonelela ngombane ogcinayo kwiinkonzo ezibalulekileyo iindawo zikawonke-wonke ezifana nezibane, iinkqubo zonxibelelwano, kunye nezixhobo zonyango. Ngaphezu koko, inokufakwa ngokulula kwiindawo zoluntu, ibonelela ngokufanelekileyo kunye nomthombo wamandla ofikeleleka lula kumalungu oluntu.

Iindlela zophuhliso zodonga lwamandla

Njengomvelisi omkhulu werhasi, isiRashiya sabhengeza ukumisa unikezelo lwerhasi ukuya IYurophu, eye yasongela ukunikezelwa kwamandla eYurophu. Ngenxa yoko, iimfuno zodonga lwamandla lubone ithemba lophuhliso oluhle. Ukuze ndi ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla, amazwe amaninzi akhawulezise isantya samandla inguqu. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, umdla kwi izisombululo zokugcina amandla ziye zanda ngenxa yesidingo samandla athembekileyo ubonelelo. Iindonga zamandla, eziziibhetri ezinkulu ezigcinayo umbane wokusetyenziswa kamva, ziye zavela njengesisombululo esithandwayo kuzo zombini izicelo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo.

Ukubeka iliso nolawulo oluphezulu Iinkqubo zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba babeke iliso kusetyenziso lwamandla abo, bandise ukutshaja kunye ukukhupha ibhetri, kunye nokuthengisa amandla angasetyenziswanga emva kwabo umboneleli wombane. Kwaye njengoko imveliso ikhula kwaye iteknoloji iphucula, i iindleko zeendonga zamandla zilindeleke ukuba zehle, nto leyo eyenza kube yinto enokwenzeka abantu abaninzi. Umzekelo, ngokwe-BNEF, ugcino lwamandla asekhaya lufakiwe Umthamo waseYurophu ufikelele kuma-639MW/1179MWh kunye nogcino lwamandla asekhaya umthamo ofakiweyo weU.S. ifikelele kwi-154MW/431MWh ekupheleni kuka-2020. Kunjalo ke kuqikelelwe ukuba umthamo ofakiweyo wogcino lwamandla wehlabathi uya kufikelela I-25.45GW / 58.26GWh kwaye ifakwe amandla e-CAGR 58% ngexesha le-2021-2025.

Ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, amandla okugcina Udonga lwamandla luya kwandiswa kwaye nolawulo lwamandla luya kwandiswa. Udonga lwamandla lunokuphuhliswa ukuze lusebenze ngaphandle komthungo kunye neenkqubo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile, eyenza abaninimzi babeke iliso kwaye balawule ukusetyenziswa kwamandla bekude.I ukwandisa ulwazi lokhuseleko lwabantu kwakhona kufuna udonga lwamandla ukuba luphuhliswe kunye neempawu zokhuseleko eziphucukileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba iinkqubo zebhetri zikhuselekile ukuze zisetyenziswe ezindlwini nakumashishini.

Imiqobo yoshishino yodonga lwamandla

Nangona udonga lwamandla luya kugcina umbono oqinisekileyo ngokuzayo iminyaka, isajongene nemingeni emininzi. Utyalo-mali oluphezulu lokuqala lunokuba a umqobo obalulekileyo kubaninimzi okanye amashishini, ingakumbi abarhola imivuzo ephantsi okanye ukuphuhlisa amazwe. Kwaye udonga lwamandla lufuna umgangatho othile wobugcisa ubuchwephesha bokufaka nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ekwangumngeni kuyo abathengi. Kubavelisi, iimpawu zodonga lwamandla zithetha phezulu utyalo-mali kwi-R&D kunye noovimba bobuchule obunamandla, okuya kuthi kwakhona kubangele kwimiqobo yoshishino .

Ingcebiso yotyalo-mali kudonga lwamandla

Ngokuthandwa kodonga lwamandla, iibhetri kunye nePCS ziya kuxhamla kakhulu yona. Umzekelo, ngokwe-ORIENT SECURITY, ibhetri eyongeza imakethi indawo iya kufikelela phantse kwi-11.4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngelixa i-PCS yongeza indawo yemarike iya kufikelela phantse kwi-3.04 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, ngoko ke lithuba elihle lotyalo-mali. Nangona kunjalo, nceda ugcine engqondweni ukuba imarike iyaguquguquka kwaye utyalo-mali ngokulumkisa. Ngokomzekelo, umngcipheko wokuba izinga lokunyuka kweemarike liphantsi kunokuba liqikelelwe kunye nomngcipheko wokunyuka kwamaxabiso ezinto eziphathekayo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba Qaphela ukuba utyalo-mali eludongeni lwamandla luxhomekeke kumazinga ombane iindawo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nemali yokonga kuya kuxhomekeka kubungakanani be inkqubo, iipatheni zokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nezinye izinto.

Ulwazi oluphangaleleyo eludongeni lwamandla

l Ukhuseleko: Ngokubanzi, udonga lwamandla luza nezinto ezininzi zokhuseleko khusela abasebenzisi, kubandakanywa ukukhuselwa kwe-thermal, ukhuseleko lwendlela emfutshane, ukhuseleko lwangoku kunye nokhuseleko lwamandla ombane. Ukongeza, kunjalo yenzelwe ukuvala ngokuzenzekelayo xa kukho unxunguphalo okanye ukucima kombane ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzisi.

l Kwitekhnoloji: Kudonga oluninzi lwamandla, kufuneka lusebenzise itekhnoloji yobunini ukupakishwa kunye nokupholisa iiseli kwiipakethi ezinesipholisi solwelo, ngelixa ukwi ngexesha elifanayo i-BMS, iiseli zebhetri ze-Lithium-ion, i-inverter kunye neprotocol yonxibelelwano nazo zibandakanyiwe.

l Kwiindlela zokulondoloza: Ngokuqhelekileyo, udonga lwamandla kulindeleke ukuba lusetyenziswe iminyaka elishumi. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingcebiso onokuthi uzenze ukunceda ukwandisa ubomi yodonga lwakho lwamandla: okokuqala, iibhetri zodonga lwamandla ziyilelwe ukusebenza ngaphakathi iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi -20°C ukuya ku-50°C (-4°F ukuya ku-122°F), ngoko khumbula ukukuphepha ubushushu obugqithisileyo bodonga lwamandla. Ukujongwa rhoqo kwebhetri ukusebenza kuya kukunceda uchonge nayiphi na imiba okanye izinto ezingaqhelekanga. Eyokugqibela kodwa engancinananga, ungalibali ukujonga rhoqo kwaye ugcine iipaneli zelanga ukuba udonga lwakho lwamandla iqhagamshelwe kwiipaneli zelanga.

l Ukuthenga: Ngaphambi kokuthenga udonga lwamandla, kubalulekile ukwenza ingqiqo iimfuno zakho zamandla, eziya kukunceda ukhethe ubungakanani obufanelekileyo kunye nenani le iibhetri ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla endlu yakho.Khetha leyo inokuxhasa imithwalo emikhulu, ukuze ukwazi ukunika amandla ngaphezulu kwento oyifunayo, kunye nodonga lwamandla iyakuya phambili ukuba amandla amancinci, izixhobo zasekhaya ezisebenza kakhulu. Lumnka ukuba sele unenkqubo yolawulo lwelanga efakiweyo, qiniseka ukuba ukhetha i udonga lwamandla oluhambelana nocwangciso lwakho olukhoyo. Ekugqibeleni, umthengisi ukuba inikeza ixabiso elikhuphisanayo, iwaranti elungileyo, kunye nenkonzo ebalaseleyo yabathengi nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.

Ehlabathini, udonga lwamandla lujongene nethuba lemarike elingazange libonwe ngaphambili, i ukukwazi ukwandisa iimpembelelo zezinto ezingalawulekiyo kunye nokonga imali yanyakamisa ukukhula kwazo. Ngoko ukuqonda okubanzi kwayo kubonisa okukhulu ukubaluleka, ithemba elinyanisekileyo lokuba eli nqaku liya kuba luncedo kuwe!