Reasons for battery drums and explosions

著者：Iflowpower – Dodavatel přenosných elektráren

First, lithium ion battery characteristics lithium is the minimum and most active metal in the chemical cycle table. Me me, muaj peev xwm ceev, nrov nrog cov neeg siv khoom thiab engineers. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv tshuaj muaj zog heev, ua rau muaj kev phom sij heev.

When the lithium metal is exposed to air, it will produce a fierce oxidation reaction with oxygen and explod. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev nyab xeeb thiab hluav taws xob, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tsim cov khoom siv xws li graphite thiab lithium cobaltate los khaws cov lithium atoms. Cov qauv molecular ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, tsim ib qho me me cia lattice ntawm qib nanometric, uas tuaj yeem siv los khaws cov lithium atoms.

In this way, even if the battery housing is broken, oxygen is entered, and the oxygen molecules will not be too large, and these small storage classes are not allowed to prevent the lithium atoms to avoid explosion. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj teeb lithium-ion no ua rau tib neeg ua tiav lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb thaum tau txais nws lub peev xwm loj. Thaum lub roj teeb lithium ion raug them, lub lithium atom ntawm qhov zoo electrode yuav plam electrons, oxidized rau lithium ions.

Lithium ions mus rau qhov tsis zoo electrode ntawm cov kua electrolytic, nkag mus rau hauv lub reservoir ntawm qhov tsis zoo electrode, thiab tau txais ib qho hluav taws xob, txo cov lithium atom. Thaum tso tawm, tag nrho cov kev pab cuam poob. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov zoo thiab tsis zoo electrode ntawm lub roj teeb, lub roj teeb yuav ntxiv ib daim ntawv diaphragm nrog ntau qhov zoo los tiv thaiv luv luv.

Daim ntawv diaphragm zoo kuj tseem tuaj yeem kaw qhov zoo thaum lub roj teeb kub siab dhau, kom lithium ions tsis tuaj yeem hla, tiv thaiv kev phom sij,. The protective measure of the lithium battery core will begin to generate side effects after the voltage is higher than 4.2V.

Lub overcharge siab yog siab, thiab qhov txaus ntshai kuj yog siab dua. After the lithium battery voltage is higher than 4.2V, the remaining number of lithium atoms in the positive electrode material is less than half, and the storage degene will often be collapsed, so that the battery capacity has a permanent drop.

If the charging is continued, since the reservoir of the negative electrode is filled with a lithium atom, the subsequent lithium metal will accumulate in the surface of the negative electrode material. Cov lithium atoms no yuav branched crystallization los ntawm cov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov tsis zoo nto mus rau lithium ion. Cov lithium hlau siv lead ua no yuav dhau los ntawm daim ntawv diaphragm los ua qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm luv luv Circuit Court.

Sometimes the battery before the short circuit will explode first because materials such as the overcharge process, the electrolyte and other materials will lysis generating gas, so that the battery housing or pressure valve is broken, allowing oxygen to enter the lithium atomic response to the surface of the negative surface. In turn explodes. Therefore, when the lithium battery is charged, it must be set to set the voltage limit to simultaneously take into account the life, capacity, and security of the battery.

The most desirable charging voltage limit is 4.2V. Yuav tsum muaj qhov txwv voltage thaum lub roj teeb lithium tawm.

Some materials will be destroyed when the battery voltage is below 2.4V. Also because the battery will be self-discharge, the more long voltage is lower, so it is best not to put it until 2.

4V when discharged. The lithium battery is discharged from 3.0V to 2.

4V, and the released energy only accounts for about 3% of the battery capacity. Yog li ntawd, 3.0V yog ib qho zoo tagnrho tso tawm voltage.

Thaum lub sij hawm them nqi thiab tso tawm, ntxiv rau qhov txwv voltage, qhov txwv ntawm tam sim no kuj tseem tsim nyog. Thaum tam sim no loj dhau lawm, lithium ion tsis nkag mus rau hauv daim phiaj cia, uas yuav sib sau ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv. After these lithium ions obtain electron, the lithium atomic crystallization is produced on the surface of the material, which is the same as overcharges.

Thaum tawg, nws yuav tawg. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv ntawm lithium ion roj teeb yuav tsum suav nrog: qhov txwv sab sauv ntawm qhov them hluav taws xob, qhov hluav taws xob tawm hluav taws xob, thiab qhov txwv siab tshaj ntawm tam sim no. In the general lithium battery pack, in addition to the lithium battery core, there will be a protective plate, which is mainly to provide these three protection.

However, the three protection of the protector is obviously insufficient, and the global lithium battery explosion is still transmitted. Txhawm rau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub roj teeb system, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov roj teeb tawg. Second, the battery explosion cause: 1: The internal polarization is large! 2: Take the absorbent, reactor with the electrolyte.

3: The quality and performance of the electrolyte itself. 4: The amount of liquid is not until the process. 5: Laser welding in the assembly process is poor, leakage, leakage, gas leakage test.

6: dust, polar dust is first easily causing micro-short circuit, specific reasons unknown. 7: The positive and negative plate is thick, the process is thick, and the shell is difficult. 8: Nipple sealing problem, steel ball sealing performance is not good.

9: The housing material exists thickness, and the thickness of the housing deformation. Third, the explosion type analysis of the type of battery core explosion can be summarized as external short circuit, internal short circuit, and three kinds of charge. Cov txheej txheem sab nraud ntawm no yog hais txog sab nraud ntawm lub roj teeb, uas suav nrog luv luv Circuit Court tshwm sim los ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob tsis zoo hauv lub roj teeb pob.

When a short circuit is outside the battery cell, the electronic component is not cut off, and the internal cell can generate high heat, resulting in a partial electrolyte steaming, and support the battery housing. When the internal temperature of the battery is high to 135 degrees Celsius, the quality of the diaphragm is closed, the electrochemical reaction is terminated or near termination, the current is plummeted, and the temperature is slowly decreased, and the explosion occurs. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo ntawm qhov kaw yog qhov tsis zoo, lossis lub qhov zoo tsis kaw daim ntawv diaphragm, uas yuav nce ntxiv, ntau dua electrolyte, thiab ua tiav cov roj teeb vaj tsev, thiab txawm tias qhov kub ntawm lub roj teeb yuav ua rau lub roj teeb kub ntawm cov khoom kub thiab tawg.

The internal short circuit is mainly because the copper foil is pulling the membrane, or the branch crystal of the lithium atom is caused by the diaphragm. Cov koob zoo no tuaj yeem ua rau micro-short circuits. Vim tias rab koob zoo heev, muaj qee qhov kev tiv thaiv tus nqi, yog li tam sim no tsis tas yuav tsum tau.

Copper aluminium foil kua nplaum yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm. Ntxiv mus, txij li qhov glitch me me, qee zaum nws yuav raug hlawv, yog li ntawd lub roj teeb yuav rov zoo li qub. Yog li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tawg tshwm sim los ntawm burrs yog tsis siab.

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, nws muaj peev xwm muaj lub roj teeb luv luv nyob rau hauv them los ntawm sab hauv ntawm txhua lub hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej tawg tau tshwm sim, tab sis nws tau txais kev txhawb nqa. Therefore, the explosion caused by internal short circuits, mainly because of overcharge.

Vim hais tias, nws yog ib rab koob-zoo li lithium hlau crystallization, thiab nws yog ib tug micro-short circuit. Yog li ntawd, lub roj teeb kub yuav maj mam nce, thiab thaum kawg siab kub yuav electrolyte roj. Qhov xwm txheej no, txawm tias nws siab dhau los ua kom cov khoom tawg tawg, lossis lub plhaub sab nraud yog thawj zaug tawg, yog li cov huab cua tau nqis peev hauv thiab lithium hlau, nws yog qhov tawg.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tawg no tshwm sim los ntawm ntau dhau ntawm sab hauv luv luv tsis tas yuav tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm them nyiaj. It is possible that the battery temperature has not been high enough to combust to the material, and the generated gas is not enough to break the battery case, the consumer will terminate the charging, with the mobile phone to go out. At this time, the heat generated by many micro-short circuits slowly increases the battery temperature.

After a period of time, explosion occurs. Cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov neeg siv khoom yog khaws lub xov tooj thiab pom tias lub xov tooj kub, thiab tom qab ntawd tawg. Qee hom kev tawg, peb tuaj yeem tso cov pov thawj tawg rau kev tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv luv luv sab nraud, thiab txhim kho roj teeb kev nyab xeeb peb yam.

Ntawm lawv, kev tiv thaiv overchalten thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv luv luv sab nraud yog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob, thiab muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov roj teeb tsim thiab cov roj teeb pob. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg hluav taws xob yog tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, uas muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov chaw tsim khoom roj teeb. Fourth, design specifications have hundreds of millions of mobile phones, and the failure rate of safety protection must be less than 100 million.

Vim hais tias, qhov tsis ua hauj lwm tus nqi ntawm lub rooj tsav xwm Circuit Court yog feem ntau siab dua ib puas lab. Yog li ntawd, thaum lub roj teeb system tsim, yuav tsum muaj ob txoj kab kev ruaj ntseg. Feem ntau yuam kev tsim yog kom them lub roj teeb ncaj qha nrog charger (Adaptor).

Qhov no yuav dhau qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev tiv thaiv, ua tiav cov phaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub roj teeb pob. Txawm hais tias qhov kev ua tsis tiav ntawm tus tiv thaiv tsis yog siab, txawm tias qhov ua yuam kev tsawg, lub ntiaj teb tseem yog qhov tawg tawg hauv ntiaj teb. If the battery system can provide two safety protection, the failure rate of each protection is one-third, and the failure rate can be reduced to 100 million.

Cov roj teeb uas siv tau raws li hauv qab no, suav nrog ob feem ntawm lub charger thiab roj teeb pob. Lub charger kuj muaj ob qhov chaw: adapter thiab lub charger. Lub adapter hloov AC lub zog mus rau qhov tam sim no ncaj qha, thiab tus tswj kev them nqi txwv qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm DC.

Lub pob roj teeb muaj ob feem ntawm cov phaj tiv thaiv thiab lub roj teeb tseem ceeb, thiab PTC kom txwv qhov siab tshaj plaws tam sim no. Text block: Adapter AC variable DC text block: Charging controller limited flow limited text square: charger text square: protective board over charge, overcharges and other protective text square: battery pack text square: limited flow film text square: The battery cell is used as an example. Kev tiv thaiv overchard yog teem rau 4.

2V using the charger output voltage to achieve the first defense, so that the battery is not overcharged. Hazard. The second protection is the overter protection function on the protective board, generally set to 4.

3V. In this way, the protective board can usually be responsible for cutting the charging current, only when the charger voltage is extremely high,. Kev tiv thaiv overcurrent yog lub luag haujlwm los ntawm kev tiv thaiv lub rooj tsav xwm thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab txwv tam sim no, uas tseem yog ob qho kev tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv overcurrent thiab sab nraud luv luv.

Txij li thaum over-discharge yuav tsuas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm electronics siv. Therefore, it is generally designed to provide the first to protection, and the protective plate on the battery pack provides a second protection. When the electronic product detects that the supply voltage is below 3.

0V, it should be automatically shut down. If the product is not designed when the product is designed, the protective board will turn off the discharge loop when the voltage is low to 2.4V.

In short, when the battery system is designed, it must provide two electronic protection for overcharge, over, and overcurrent. Ntawm lawv, lub rooj tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog qhov kev tiv thaiv thib ob. Take the protective plate after charging, if the battery explodes, represents poor design.

Although the above method provides two protection, since the consumer will often buy a non-original charger to charge, and the charger industry, based on cost consideration, often take the charging controller to reduce costs. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, muaj ntau cov khoom siv tsis zoo hauv khw. Qhov no ua rau kev tiv thaiv tag nrho poob rau thawj txoj hauv kev kuj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tiv thaiv kab.

Thiab tshaj tus nqi yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas lub roj teeb tawg tau tshwm sim. Yog li ntawd, lub inferior charger tuaj yeem hu ua qhov hnyav ntawm lub roj teeb tawg. Of course, not all battery systems use a solution as shown above.

Qee qhov xwm txheej, kuj tseem yuav muaj qhov tsim ntawm tus tswj kev them nyiaj hauv lub pob roj teeb. Piv txwv li: ntau lub roj teeb sticks ntawm ntau phau ntawv sau, muaj cov khoom siv them nyiaj. Qhov no yog vim hais tias phau ntawv feem ntau ua cov tswj kev them nyiaj hauv lub computer, tsuas yog muab cov neeg siv khoom hloov pauv.

Yog li ntawd, cov roj teeb ntxiv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj phau ntawv yuav tsum muaj lub tshuab them nyiaj kom paub meej tias cov roj teeb sab nraud muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum them lub adapter. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom lag luam raug them los ntawm kev siv lub tsheb luam yeeb sib dua, thiab cov khoom siv them nyiaj qee zaum ua tiav hauv lub pob roj teeb. The final line If the protection of electronics failed, the last line of defense is to be provided by the battery.

Cov qib kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub roj teeb tuaj yeem ua raws li seb lub roj teeb puas tuaj yeem dhau mus rau sab nraud luv luv thiab overcharge. Because the battery explosion, if the internal lithium atom is stacked in the surface of the material, the explosion power will be larger. Ntxiv mus, kev tiv thaiv overcharge feem ntau tsuas yog muaj kev tiv thaiv kab vim yog cov neeg siv khoom, yog li lub peev xwm ntawm lub roj teeb tiv thaiv overcharge dua li tiv thaiv sab nraud luv luv yog qhov tseem ceeb dua.

Aluminum-shell batches and steel shell battery safety compare aluminum shells with high security advantages relative to the steel shell. .