Introduction to VRLA Battery Maintenance Circuit and Its Working Principle

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

VRLA battery, also known as a valve controlled sealed lead-acid battery. VRLA battery is in a state in which the power supply is in a state of power for a long time, so it may be in a state of charge, and it is easy to fail. This article is important to introduce the phenomenon of decrease battery capacity by adding maintenance circuits.

Now introduce the circuit as follows. First, the hardware VRLA battery maintenance circuit adopts 40106 as a pulse generator, circuit includes a power supply circuit, a maintenance pulse, a circuit: battery identification circuit, etc. 1.

Power supply circuit of this maintenance circuit divides three parts: First, the charging power supply of the charging portion to the battery input power supply, the second is the operating power supply of this maintenance circuit, the third is the power supply of this repair instrument signal judgment. The charging power is taken from the output of the original charging circuit and between the charging power source and the input power of the battery. The inductors L1 and C1 are added.

The "L" type filter is formed so that the charging power can be charged directly through L1. Does not affect its charging performance. This maintenance circuit is powered by L2 or the like after the insurance F1 is powered by L2 or the like.

The signal of this maintenance circuit determines the power supply, consisting of D1, L4, RL, R2, etc. After R2, D6 and U2, the maintenance circuit is supplied with reliable 5V power supplies for IC and battery voltages. 12V and 24V battery voltage recognition circuits, can automatically identify the access repair battery 12V or 24V, and indicate.

2. Repair pulse The pulse appearance circuit of this maintenance circuit is appeared by IC (40106), and directly drives Q1 through the JI adapter socket, so that Q1 is driven to drive and turn off. Then, the battery maintenance pulse generation circuit is composed of L2, L3, C5, D5, D7, etc.

The pulse appeared by the IC, enlarged by QL driving, energy storage on L2, L3, according to inductive characteristics, L2, L3 will play an important use in this circuit. In order to improve the energy storage effect, the capacitor C5 is added, which makes it more in the pulse energy. The resulting maintenance pulse voltage.

After D5 superimposing to the charging power supply, a charging pulse maintenance is formed. 3. Battery recognition circuit has automatic identification of conversion function on 12V or 24V battery based on access to different voltage batteries.

At the same time, the maintenance pulse will follow adjustment. 12V or 24V battery automatic identification circuit consists of circuits such as R1, D10, R10 to R12. R9, C7, Q2, C6, K1, D2, R6, R5, etc.

form a frequency adjustment circuit for 12V or 24V identification, and when the battery is 12V, the use of D10 is recognized. There is no voltage on R9 and R10, Q2 is extremely low, so that it Q2 is closed. On the one hand, the K1 relay is unatturized, and the R8 is broken, and the oscillation frequency of the IC is configured by C2, R13, R8, R7, D3, D4, and the like; on the other hand, 02 is closed.

Equivalent to the R6 disconnection, the Q3 base potential is increased, Q3 is turned on, the 12V indicator is powered, indicating that the connected battery is 12V. Similarly, due to the use of D10, the R11 and R12 branches are electrically conductive, Q4 is closed, and the 24V indicator is not bright. When the 24V battery is accessed.

Since D10 recognition, D10 is turned on, there is a voltage on R9 and R10, Q2 is extremely high, so that it Q2 is turned on. On the one hand, make the K1 relay to power. Punch R8.

In the oscillating circuit, the oscillation frequency of the IC is composed of C2, R13, R7, D3, D4, and the like; the other hand Q2 is turned on, it is equivalent to turning R6, so that the Q3 base potential is low, Q3 is closed 12V indicator light no light. Due to D10 on-purpose, R11 and R12 branches are electrically, Q4 is turned on, and the 24V indicator lights up. Indicates access to the battery is 24V.

From the battery access recognition circuit, it can be found that if the 12V battery is filled to a certain value, or the 24V battery voltage drops to a certain value. The above 12V or 24V battery power indicator will be lit. This is not a fault, because of a certain voltage exchange identification.

When the battery is charged, you can immediately identify it. Second, the scanning VRLA battery maintenance circuit This lead-acid battery maintenance circuit uses PIC16F676 single-chip microcomputer as the main controller. Through this device, the battery is charged while the battery is usually charged.

The battery voltage charging stage and time is detected by the unit, and the core chip microcontroller IC1 built-in program is calculated, and all phases are caused, and the degree of vulcanization and reduction of vulcanization when charging each different state, and the maintenance pulse of the vulcanized battery is maintained. And maintain batteries, extend battery life. The working principle is as follows: (1) Power input polarity discrimination and conversion circuit power input polarity discrimination and conversion circuit is divided into two parts, one is the power input polarity conversion, refers to the power supply polarity identification of the charging circuit to maintenance circuit.

There is also the power polarity identification of the maintenance circuit to the battery; second, according to different charger power poles and battery input polarity, automatic identification. The power supply polarity identification and polarity conversion circuit consists of D6 to D9, regardless of the battery access polarity, the power supply polarity is normalized to the correct input method. The power supply identification and polarity conversion of the battery end, relatively complex points, because the battery power may be two-way supplied, and to change the maintenance output voltage through the polarity of the battery, thereby first, first of all, the access polarity of the battery is first Identify, and then convert on the basis of identification.

This part of the circuit principle design is based on the principle of battery access in a variety of charging circuits. The important circuit is composed of D3, R3, D4, D10, relay K1, etc. This circuit is very clever power polar automatic identification and conversion circuit.

Power supply polarity identification and conversion circuit available for any bidirectional power supply. When J1 is equal to the lower negative, the power polarity identification conversion circuit composed of D3, R3, D4, D10, relay K1, etc. The normally closed contact of the relay K1 will match the maintenance power supply polarity and polarity of the battery.

When the connection between J1 and the battery is positive, the D3 is electrically conductive. After the R3 is booted, the stable 12V power supply is formed on D10, which is supplied to the relay K1, so that K1 is active, and its normally open contact Turn on, convert the battery power polarity to the maintenance power polarity. (2) The power supply circuit power circuit is the circuit of the maintenance instrument itself to be powered.

The partial circuit consists of a buck resistor R16, a filter capacitor C6, C5, C4, and a two-stage voltage regulator circuit composed of IC3 and IC2. The 9V voltage output of the IC3 is powered by the IC3, the 5V power supply output from the second level regulator power supply IC2 is powered by maintenance circuit control and other circuits. (3) The control circuit control circuit has appeared by a rectangular wave.

The rectangular wave frequency adaptive automatically controls the sweep, the rectangular wave duty cycle adaptive automatic control function circuit, etc., the partial circuit function is important to complete the single-chip IC1 (PIC16F676). Implementation of some functional circuits.

It is important to rely on the power sampling resistor (PICL6F676), the implementation of this part of the function circuit. It is important to rely on the power supply voltage signal of the power sampling resistor R15, R5, and then achieved according to a specific internal algorithm, and the stage of stacking the voltage on the battery, the control of the RC4, RC3 end output of IC1 is exhibited. In addition to the voltage detection of the power supply phase, there is also a time specified control to prevent the charging power supply damage to the battery overcharge, effectively prevent the battery to fill the drum, explosion, etc.

(4) The positive and negative pulse forming circuit is positive and negative pulse forming circuit consists of electrical pulses to form inductance L1, L2, capacitance C1, C2 and fast recovery diode D11. This circuit also includes pulse driving circuits R4, V2, V3, and protection regulator diode D12 ~ D14. However, from this circuit forming a waveform.

Only positive pulse wave can only be formed, and the pulse is not very high, but the external battery is charged, the positive and negative symmetrical positive and negotiable tip pulses can be formed. (5) Status Indication Circuit Status Indication Circuit Different Parts, One is the battery access indication circuit, composed of D1 and current limiting resistor R1. When the battery is accented, D1 will illuminate: the second is the charger access indicator, consisting of D2 and R2; three is indication of the maintenance status, 3 to 5 feet of IC1, ⑨ ~ ⑩⑩ ⑩ and limited flow Resistors R7 ~ R13 and Digital Tube DS1.

Digital tube will display the capacity of the battery pack. Displayed from 1 to 10. Indicates the current capacity of the battery pack.

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