Khupha isizathu sokuhlelwa kunye nokungaphumeleli kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Pārnēsājamas spēkstacijas piegādātājs

Kwimeko yobunzima bamandla kunye nongcoliseko lwendalo, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zinamandla afanelekileyo enkulungwane ye-21, kwaye zixhalabile ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ibhetri ye-lithium-ion iya kuba nokusilela ngexesha lokuvelisa, ukuthutha kunye nokusetyenziswa. Ngaphezu koko, iya kuchaphazela ukusebenza kunye nokuthembeka kwayo yonke ipakethe yebhetri emva kokungaphumeleli kwebhetri enye, kwaye ibangele ukuba ipakethi yebhetri iyeke ukusebenza okanye eminye imiba yokhuseleko.

1 Ukuhlelwa kokusilela kwebhetri ye-Lithium ion Ukuze kuthintelwe ukuthotywa kokusebenza okungentla kunye neengxaki zokhuseleko lwebhetri, uhlalutyo lokusilela kweebhetri ze-lithium ion luyimfuneko. Ukungaphumeleli kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion kubhekiselele ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kweeseli okanye ukusetyenziswa okungaqhelekanga kokusebenza ngezizathu ezithile ezibalulekileyo, kwaye yahlulwe kukungaphumeleli kokusebenza kunye nokungaphumeleli kokhuseleko. Ukwahlulwa kwebhetri ye-lithium ion eqhelekileyo 2 Ukungaphumeleli kwebhetri ye-lithium ion kubangela ukungaphumeleli kwebhetri ye-lithium ion kunokwahlulwa ibe yi-endome kunye nesizathu sangaphandle.

Into yangaphakathi yinguqu yenyama kunye neekhemikhali ye-invalid, isikali sophando sinokulandelwa kwi-atomic, i-molecular scale, i-thermodynamics, utshintsho lwe-kinetic ekuphuhliseni inkqubo yokungaphumeleli. Izinto zangaphandle ezibandakanya impembelelo, i-acupuncture, i-corrosion, ukutsha kobushushu obuphezulu, ukungaphumeleli komntu, njl. Imeko yangaphakathi yebhetri ye-lithium-ion Ukungaphumeleli kwe-3 iibhetri ze-Lithium ion Ukusebenza kokusilela okuqhelekileyo kunye nokungaphumeleli kwayo uhlalutyo lwendlela yokulinganisa ukusilela komgangatho wobomi bomjikelo wovavanyo, inani lemijikelo yafikelela kumaxesha angama-500 xa umthamo wokukhupha kufuneka ungabi ngaphantsi kwe-90% yomthamo wokuqala.

Okanye inani lemijikelezo lifikelela kumaxesha e-1000, umthamo wokukhutshwa akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwe-80% yomthamo wokuqala. Ukuba umthamo unokwehla okubukhali kumjikelezo oqhelekileyo, ungowokungaphumeleli kokunciphisa umthamo. Ingcambu yokusilela kokuthomalalisa umthamo webhetri kukusilela kwesixhobo, kwaye inxulumene ngokusondeleyo nezinto ezinenjongo ezifana nenkqubo yokwenziwa kwebhetri, ukusetyenziswa kwebhetri.

Ngokombono wezinto eziphathekayo, isizathu sokungaphumeleli sibalulekile, ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo sezinto ezintle ze-electrode, ukukhula kwenguqu ye-electrode engafanelekanga, ukubola kunye nokuwohloka kwe-electrolyte, ukubola kwamanzi, ukungcola okuncane, njl. Ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo sezinto ezintle ze-electrode: ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo sezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode kubandakanya iinqununu zezinto ze-cathode, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba esingenakuguqulwa, ukuhanjiswa kwezinto eziphathekayo, njl. I-LIMN2O4 iya kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwimpembelelo ye-Jahn-Teller ngexesha lokuhlawula kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, kunye neengqungquthela eziphukileyo, okubangelwa ukudibanisa kombane phakathi kweengqungquthela.

Izinto ze-LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 zenzeka ngexesha lokuhlawula kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, izinto ze-LiCoO2 zibangela ukuba i-CO ingene kwi-Li layer ngenxa yenguqu ye-Li, ebangela ulwakhiwo oluthe tye kwi-layer structure kwi-charge and discharge process.

Umthamo. Ukungaphumeleli kwezinto eziphathekayo ze-electrode: ukusilela kwe-electrode yegraphite kubalulekile kumphezulu wegraphite, umphezulu wegraphite uphendulwa kunye ne-electrolyte, kunye nesigaba sojongano lwe-electrolyte eqinileyo (SEI), ukuba ukukhula okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukuthoba umxholo we-lithium ion kwinkqubo yangaphakathi yebhetri, okukhokelela ekunciphiseni umthamo. Ukungaphumeleli kwezixhobo ze-silicon ezimbi ze-electrode kubalulekile ukuba ukwandiswa kwevolumu enkulu okubangelwa kukusebenza kwebhayisikile.

Ukungaphumeleli kwe-Electrolyte: Ukuzinza kwe-LIPF6 kubi, kulula ukubola ukunciphisa ukufuduka komxholo we-Li + kwi-electrolyte. Kwakhona kulula ukusabela kumkhondo wamanzi kwi-electrolyte ukuvelisa i-HF, okukhokelela ekudlekeni ngaphakathi kwebhetri. Ukungangeni komoya akulungile ukuba kubangele ukuwohloka kwe-electrolyte, i-viscosity kunye ne-chromaticity ye-electrolyte, kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelela ekunciphiseni okubukhali ekusebenzeni kwe-ion yokudluliselwa.

Ukungaphumeleli komqokeleli: i-corrosion fluid edibeneyo, ukuxinwa komqokeleli kuyancipha. I-HF, echithwa yi-electrolyte engentla, ibangela ukubola komqokeleli, ivelise i-conductivity engafanelekanga, okubangelwa ukwanda koqhagamshelwano lwe-ohmic okanye ukungaphumeleli kwezinto ezisebenzayo. Ngethuba lokuhlawuliswa kunye nenkqubo yokukhupha, i-Cu foil iyachithwa phantsi kwamandla aphantsi, ifakwe kwindawo efanelekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yithusi.

Iifom eziqhelekileyo zokungaphumeleli ezidibeneyo azanelanga ukuba zenze ukuba into esebenzayo ihlambuluke phakathi kwe-agglomeration kunye nezinto ezisebenzayo, kwaye ayikwazi ukubonelela umthamo webhetri. Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwandisa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion ehamba nobuninzi bamandla, umbane kunye nokuncipha kwamandla, ubushushu bebhetri kunye neminye imiba yokusilela. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ezikhokelela ekwandeni kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion zahlulwe zibe zizixhobo ezingundoqo zebhetri kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa kwebhetri.

Izinto ezingundoqo zebhetri: I-Microclite kunye nokutyunyuzwa kwezinto ezilungileyo ze-electrode, umonakalo we-electrode engafanelekanga inzima kakhulu, ukuguga kwe-electrolyte, izinto ezisebenzayo zikhutshiwe kwi-current, kunye noqhagamshelwano lwezinto ezisebenzayo kunye ne-additive additive (kubandakanywa nokulahlekelwa kwezongezo eziqhubayo), i-diaphragm, i-blockage, i-bettery indlebe ngokugqithiseleyo, njl njl. Indawo yokusetyenziswa kwebhetri: iqondo lobushushu elisezantsi liphezulu kakhulu / liphantsi, liphezulu kakhulu, intlawulo yokukhulisa kakhulu kunye nokukhupha, inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nesakhiwo soyilo lwebhetri, njl. Iisekethe ezimfutshane ezimfutshane zihlala zibangela ukuzikhupha, ukunciphisa umthamo, ukulahleka kwe-thermal yendawo yeebhetri ze-lithium ion, kwaye kubangele iingozi zokhuseleko.

Umjikelo omfutshane phakathi kobhedu / ugxininiso lwe-aluminiyam: ukuveliswa kwebhetri okanye intsimbi yangaphandle yokugqobhoza idiaphragm okanye i-electrode, ipakethe yebhetri kwipakethi yebhetri, ebangela uqhagamshelwano olulungileyo, olungalunganga. Iisekethe ezimfutshane ezibangelwa ukungaphumeleli kwe-diaphragm, i-diaphragm, i-diaphragm collapse, i-diaphragm corrosion, njl. kunokubangela ukungaphumeleli kwe-diaphragm, ukusilela kwe-diaphragm ilahleko ye-electron insulation okanye i-gap ilungile, i-electrode engalunganga idityaniswa kancinane, emva koko umkhuhlane wendawo unzima, uqhubeke uhlawula kwaye ukhuphe umbane uya kusasazeka kwiiveki ezine , Ubangela ukulahleka kobushushu.

Ukungcola kubangela isiphaluka esifutshane: ukungcola kwetsimbi yenguqu kwi-electrode slurry efanelekileyo kunokubangela ukubhoboza i-diaphragm okanye ukukhuthaza i-electrode negative lithium delegra ukuze kubangele imijikelezo emfutshane yangaphakathi. Isiphaluka esifutshane esibangelwa iikristale zesebe ze-lithium: I-Lithium lactary crystals, i-dendritic crystal pass diaphragm ebangelwa yintlawulo yendawo ngexesha lomjikelo omde. Uyilo lwebhetri kunye nokuvelisa okanye inkqubo yokuhlanganisa ibhetri, uyilo alunangqiqo okanye uxinzelelo lwendawo luya kubangela iisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi.

Ngethuba lokungeniswa kwe-battery overshoot kunye ne-overhang, kuya kubakho i-short-circuited. Ukufakwa kwegesi yesisombululo se-electrolytic kwinkqubo yokutshintsha kwebhetri kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwebhetri yigesi eqhelekileyo, kodwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrolyte ye-transitional release gas okanye i-electrode positive release release oxygen ayiqhelekanga. Rhoqo kwibhegi ethambileyo ibhetri, iya kubangela uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lwebhetri, kwaye ibethe i-encapsulation aluminium membrane, ingxaki yokunxibelelana kwebhetri yangaphakathi, njl.

Iseli yombane eqhelekileyo kunye ne-fail-to-cell gas component analysis isisombululo se-electrolytic ayomiswa, okubangela ukubola kwetyuwa ye-lithium kwi-electrolyte, ebangela ulwelo lwe-AL kunye ne-arhente etshabalalisayo, kunye ne-hydrogen. Ukuchithwa kwe-electrochemical ye-chain / cyclic ester okanye i-ether kwi-electrolyte ebangelwa kuluhlu lwe-voltage engafanelekanga, kunye ne-C2H4, i-C2H6, i-C3H6, i-C3H8, i-CO2, njl. I-thermal out-of-control out-of-control thermal out-of-control ithetha ukuba ukushisa kwebhetri ye-lithium ion yindawo okanye ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa ngokubanzi, kwaye ubushushu abukwazi ukusabalalisa ngexesha, kwaye isixa esikhulu siqokelela ngaphakathi kwaye sibangela iziphumo ezingaphezulu.

Izinto ezibangelwa ukulahleka kobushushu beebhetri ze-lithium-ion ziimeko zokusebenza ezingaqhelekanga, oko kukuthi, ukusetyenziswa kakubi, isiphaluka esifutshane, ukunyusa okuphezulu, ukushisa okuphezulu, ukukhama kunye ne-acupuncture. Uhlalutyo lwe-lithium kwindawo engafanelekanga yebhetri, yinto eqhelekileyo yokuguga kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion. Uhlalutyo lwe-lithium lunciphisa i-lithium ion yangaphakathi esebenzayo kwibhetri, kukho ukungaphumeleli kwamandla, kwaye i-dendritic puncture ingabangela indawo yangoku kunye nokushisa, kwaye ekugqibeleni kubangele ingxaki yokhuseleko lwebhetri.

uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli kwelizwe lam luye lwaphuhliswa ngokucwangcisiweyo kwintsimi ye-mechanical fields kunye ne-aviation, kwaye kwintsimi yebhetri ye-lithium-ion ayikafunyanwa. Iinkampani zebhetri kunye nezixhobo zenze uhlalutyo lokungaphumeleli kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, kodwa ngaphezu kophando kunye nophuhliso lweenkqubo zokuvelisa ibhetri kunye nezixhobo zokuphucula ukusebenza kwebhetri kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zebhetri njengeenjongo ezithe ngqo. AmaZiko oPhando lwexesha elizayo kunye neenkampani ezinxulumene nazo zinokomeleza utshintshiselwano lwentsebenziswano, ukuzama ukuseka nokuphucula umthi wokusilela kunye nohlalutyo lokungaphumeleli kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.

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