IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia yenza i-diaphragm yebhetri entsha ukunqanda ukuqhuma kwebhetri ngokugqithisileyo ngokusebenzisa iminatha ye-carbon nanotube

Awdur: Iflowpower - Mofani oa Seteishene sa Motlakase se nkehang

I-nano-engineer yeYunivesithi yaseCalifornia eSan Diego iye yavelisa into ekhuselekileyo ekhusela iibhetri zetsimbi ze-lithium ukuba zifudumale ngokukhawuleza kwaye zigxothwe xa zifutshane. U-Liu Ping, uprofesa we-nano-engineering waseCalifornia, eSan Diego, upapashe iphepha kwiphephancwadi elithi "Advanced Materials", elipapashwe kwiphephancwadi elithi "Advanced Materials", lazisa umsebenzi wabo ngokweenkcukacha. Iibhetri zetsimbi zeLithium zinamandla amakhulu ekusebenzeni, kodwa kulula ukungaphumeleli kwifom yangoku.

Oku kubangelwa ukukhula kwesakhiwo senaliti ebizwa ngokuba yi-crystal dendritic, i-dendrimature yenziwe kwi-anode emva kokuba ibhetri ihlawuliswe, kwaye isahluli sinokuhlatywa, kwaye isahluli senziwe phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-cathode. Umqobo, ukucotha amandla kunye nokuhamba kobushushu. Xa lo mqobo utshatyalalisiwe kwaye ii-electron zikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo, zivelisa iikhalori ezininzi, kwaye izinto ziya kuphelelwa kulawulo, zibangele ukutshisa kwebhetri, ukusilela, umlilo, kunye nokudubula.

Iingcali zenzululwazi zifuna ukucombulula ezi ngxaki kwiibhetri zetsimbi ye-lithium ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, apho i-ultrasonic okanye i-special layers yokukhusela isebenzisa i-ultrasound okanye i-special layers yokukhusela ekubeni zizinto ezimbalwa kuphela. Iqela licoce inxenye yebhetri ebizwa ngokuba yi-diaphragm. I-diaphragm sisithintelo phakathi kwe-electrode ekhangayo kunye ne-electrode engeyiyo, ukuze xa ibhetri imfutshane, amandla aqokelelwe ebhetrini (oko kukuthi, ubushushu) ahamba Kancinci.

Umbhali wokuqala wethisisi wothukile: “Asizami ukunqanda ukusilela kwebhetri. Senza nje ukuba ibhetri ikhuseleke ngakumbi, ngoko xa ingaphumeleli, ibhetri ayiyi kubamba umlilo okanye ukuqhuma. Iibhetri zesinyithi zeLithium Emva kokutshaja ngokuphindaphindiweyo, i-anode iya kubonakala kwi-anode.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukukhula kwe-dendritic kukude ngokwaneleyo, ukungena kwi-diaphragm, ukuphakamisa ibhuloho phakathi kwe-anode kunye ne-cathode, ebangela iisekethe ezimfutshane zangaphakathi. Xa oku kusenzeka, ukuhamba kwe-electron phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini kuyalahleka, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibhetri ijike kakhulu kwaye iyeke ukusebenza. Iqela lophando kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia San Diego ngokusisiseko liyancitshiswa.

Elinye icala ligqume umaleko obhityileyo, uthungelwano lwekhabhoni ye-nanotube eqhutywa kancinci ngombane, enokuthintela nakuphi na ukubunjwa kwee-dendrites. Xa i-dendritic inamathisele i-diaphragm kwaye ibetha i-carbon nanotube net, i-electronic ineshaneli, enokuthi ikhuphe ngokukhawuleza, kungekhona ngokuthe ngqo kwi-cathode. I-Gonzalez iya kuthelekisa isahluli esitsha sebhetri kwindlela yokukhupha amanzi kwidama.

Uthe: “Xa idama liqala ukuvalelwa, uya kuvula ukuchitheka, uvumele amanzi aphume ngendlela elawulekayo. Ngolu hlobo ke, xa idama ngokwenene lisigaqa, akukho manzi maninzi anokubangela izikhukhula. Lo ngumbono wesahluli sethu, esinciphisa kakhulu isantya sokukhutshwa kwentlawulo, ukuthintela "ukukhukula" kwe-elektroniki kwi-cathode.

Xa i-dendritic ibanjwe yi-conductive layer ye-separator, ibhetri iya kuqala ukukhupha, ngoko xa ibhetri ifutshane, akukho mandla aneleyo okuba yingozi. "Omnye umsebenzi wophando lwebhetri ugxile ekuthinteleni ukungena kweedendrites ngento eyomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo. Kodwa uGonzalez uthe ingxaki ngale ndlela kukuba yandiswa kuphela iziphumo ezingenakuthintelwa.

Ezi zahluli zisafuna kakuhle, zivumela i-ion ukuba idlule ukuze ibhetri isebenze. Ngoko ke, xa umthi ugqitywe ekugqibeleni, isiphaluka esifutshane siya kuba sibi kakhulu. Kuvavanyo, ibhetri yensimbi ye-lithium efakwe kwi-separator entsha ibonisa iimpawu zokungaphumeleli ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-20 ukuya kwi-30 cycle.

Kwangaxeshanye, ibhetri kunye nesiqhelo (kunye nengqindilili kancinci) amava isahluli ngequbuliso iimpazamo kumjikelo omnye. Kwimeko yokwenyani, awuzukuba nasiphi na isilumkiso malunga nebhetri sele iza kusilela. Isibini sangaphambili sinokuba silungile, siya kubamba umlilo okanye isiphaluka esifutshane ngokupheleleyo kwisekondi elandelayo.

Oku akunakucingelwa, ”utshilo uGonzalez. "Kodwa kunye nomahluli wethu, uya kulunyukiswa kwangaphambili, usiya usiba mbi, usiya usiba mbi, usiya usiba mandundu, usiya usiba mbi nangakumbi. "Nangona ingqwalasela yolu phononongo iibhetri zetsimbi ze-lithium, abaphandi bathi le isahluli ingasetyenziselwa kwii-ion ze-lithium kunye nezinye ii-chemical reactions zebhetri.

Iqela lophando liya kuzibophelela ekwandiseni ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo kwesahluli. IYunivesithi yaseCalifornia iSan Diego yenze isicelo selungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza okwethutyana kolu phando.