Domestic power lithium battery recycling has just started many problems

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

Now the domestic automobile power recovery industry has just started. In 2015, the scrap dynamic lithium-ion battery has accumulated 20,000 to 40,000 tons. The corresponding battery recovery is only 2%, and the current recovery production is fundamentally unable to afford 120,000 to 170,000 tons of scrap batteries expected in 2020.

Therefore, there are many problems in the recycling management system construction, advanced technological innovation, mode exploration, standard system construction, etc. I. Now the auto-powered lithium-ion battery recovery industry is important.

Domestic battery manufacturers belong to eight fans, the sea is moving. The battery system design is completely different makes it impossible to use the same set of dismantlement pipelines suitable for all battery packs and modules, resulting in extreme inconvenience when the battery is dismantled. If you want to automate disassembly, the battery pack and module in the current size, the shape is different, and there is a high demand for the flexibility of the production line, resulting in too high cost of disposal costs.

It is basically based on manual dismantling. The skill level of workers directly affects the efficiency of battery recovery process. At the same time, because the battery pack itself has high energy, short circuit, leakage liquid, etc.

, thereby causing a fire or explosion. , Leading to casualties and property losses. Therefore, we must study the problem of safety and efficiency during battery pack dismantling process.

2) Poor product consistency and residual life and battery condition cannot be systematically assessing the use of quality detection when re-useing the ladder, and selects the battery, including the safety assessment, cycle life test, etc. The core is selected, and then the reorganization can be reused. However, if the power battery does not have a complete data record during service, the re-use process performs battery life prediction, accuracy may decline, the consistency of the battery cannot be guaranteed, and the test equipment, test fees, test time, analysis modeling and other costs Newly increased.

Due to the internal resistance, electrochemical characteristics, thermal characteristics of different batteries, the inconsistency and reliability of the battery may not be guaranteed, if some problems have not been verified during the screening process, and they will be used again, will be new Increase security risks for the entire battery system. So, how to do fast loss and accurate detection, is the key to the trapezing utilization. Recently, the state has announced GB / T32690 "Electric Vehicle Remote Service in Management System Technical Plan", and the regulations include new energy vehicles to run data collection and monitoring into the company's mandatory requirements, and will make up for this data vacancy after future promotion implementation.

3) System integration technology is not mature due to the connection between the cells is usually laser welding or other rigid connecting processes, it is difficult to do without loss of dismantling, and the power storage battery step is most reasonable to disassemble the module level, however Battery modules produced by different manufacturers, to achieve mixing in the same system, need to consider and resolve the following system integration technology: Grouping technology: Re-pair battery modules according to parameters such as material system, capacity, internal resistance, remaining cycle life Packet and create a database. The group parameter setting is reasonable. If the parameter setting range is too large, the module is discrete, and the system has a large system performance and life; if the parameter setting range is too small, the group is too strict, which will result in Matching small modules, system integration difficulties.

System Flexible Design: Design the system structure to fully consider the size, weight, and string parallel numbers that may have different modules, so it should be a large elasticity in space, which is both compatible with different modules. Consider fastening and reliability, and consider elasticity and quick loading and unloading. 4) Recycling of economically poor automobile power lithium-ion battery must be preprocessed first, including discharge, dismantling, pulverizing, sorting.

Plast- og metalhuset efter demontering kan genvindes, men omkostningerne er høje: Fordi restspændingen stadig er så høj som hundredvis af volt (eksklusive 18650 batterier), er der en risiko; batterihuset er i orden at sikkert, pakken er i form af ikke-fjernelse. Åben helt fødder. Med hensyn til forbehandlingsleddet er det bestemt et kompetent salg.

Selv hvis lithium-ion-batteriet, det positive materiale er også en fem-blomster, mainstream er lithium cobaltate, lithium mangansyre, lithium nikkel-cobalt-oxanat, lithium jernfosfat, etc. Ved at bruge en opløsning af syre-base-opløsning ekstraheres metaloxidet med en række kemiske procedurer. Imidlertid er ingredienserne i disse oxider forskellige, og blandingen er vanskeligere.

På forhånd, ifølge det positive elektrodemateriale, er omkostningerne ikke lave. Genbrug af det positive metal, som allerede er den mest rentable af batterigenvindingslinjerne. Men programmet er for kompliceret, og virksomheden vil fungere, medmindre metalprisen er høj i 2011.

Nu råvarer og ikke-jernholdige metaller, sjældne jordarters produkter er i lave dale, at bruge disse metoder til at genvinde metallet er ret afskrækket, og mere besværlige problemer er mere besværlige. Ifølge det nuværende tekniske niveau behandles enkelt affaldsvæske, det er nok at spise dårlig genanvendt metalindtægt. Det negative materiale er grafit (siliciumbatteri er bare en laboratorievægt), som er for billigt, kun til at kassere nedgravet behandling.

Heldigvis forurener grafitten i sig selv ikke miljøet, kun pladsen er optaget. Under de nuværende tekniske forhold vil ingen virksomhed tage initiativ til at investere i genbrugsindustrien. Summary: The domestic power storage battery has a wide variety, battery structure is complex and there is no fixed standard, resulting in complex recycling process, high recovery costs, the company lacks recycling enthusiasm, difficult to form industrial management, and restructuring technical means, plus government lack of supervision and encouragement Policy, power battery recycling is extremely difficult.

Second, the development direction and trend of recycling industries 1. The management system should be further clarified, and the award-throwing needs to be clearly used to strengthen the management of new energy vehicles, and the industry and market order, the industry and the Information Technology Department have established "new energy. Interim Measures for the Comprehensive Utilization of New Energy Automobile Waste Battery Comprehensive Utilization Industry Conditions for Automobile Waste Battle Battery.

Since this year, the government departments have focused on the research and development of the "Measures for the Administration of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling", the "Measures" development work, based on the manufacturer's responsibility extension system, based on the full life cycle of the power storage battery products. "Measures" cover product design, production, sales, recycling, step utilization, regeneration utilization, etc. Related responsibility.

It is also for the preparation of mandatory supervision in the future. Under the premise of environmentally friendly basic national policy, no company dare to speed up the line, even if it is only possible to put the waste battery in the warehouse, it can prevent large-scale Secondary pollution. 2.

Urgently need to establish a dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling standard system At present, my country's residual value assessment, health status evaluation, etc. Promote technological innovation and application, attacking hard, breaking through technical difficulties. For example, in terms of battery dismantling, the flexible configuration is to be subjected to segmentation, and the demolition water line is subjected to different battery packs, and when the dismantling operation flow is developed, the sections and processes of the existing pipeline should be used as much as possible.

To improve job efficiency, reduce repetitive investment. At the same time, to completely record the power battery running data during service, the manufacturer of the ladder can establish the life model of the battery module according to this data. Now the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycals technical standards, the battery capacity reaches the recovery process, and what extent can enter the next step, and what extent cannot be used again, there is no clear standard to refer to it, this must be established at the government Related specifications and standards.

Deep, if the shape size, internal structure of the power electrical module will make a more unified regulatory regulatory norm, which will save a huge expenditure of the downstream battery recovery industry, and will further reduce the battery cost used by the ladder, and remove the battery to automate battery Solution to create possible, have great help to the battery recycling industry. According to the trail news, this region is currently in brewing, I don't know if I will announce and implement it. 3.

Establish a new business operation mode, find profit points about power lithium-ion battery recycling, only non-drilling technology, improve metal smelting efficiency and reduce costs, if there is a scale effect, in the national subsidies and support policies can stand firm with After that, it can still be a big. The ladder of the dynamic lithium-ion battery uses the derivatives, the customer will have a certain obstacle to the performance, life, reliability, safety of the product in the case of informed. In terms of product promotion and application, we must fully consider the current status and demands of customers, combining a variety of business operations, and get their own interests on the basis of profitability.

Explore the effective business model of ladder use of some successful related experience, such as installment, time-time rental, earnings, dense payment, or even free supply (follow-up service), etc. Summary: At present, the operation mode of the domestic automobile power lithium-ion battery recovery industry is still in the stage of exploration, and now urgently needs government involvement, and guides the company to gradually go to the healthy development path in the development of policies and establishment. It is also necessary to establish an industry alliance together to establish a healthy industrial chain to find a feasible profit point.

Third, learn from Japan related experience until today, Japan has no special regulations for the power lithium-ion battery. However, Japanese environmental protection regulations ("Resource Effective Usage", "Energy Saving Law" and "Regeneration Law") clearly, there is no reason to make a legal lithium-ion battery to develop a law, and the law itself does not solve technical problems. Den japanske virksomhed startede i området for nye energikøretøjer, end vi har været i de tidlige 10 år, Toyotas Prius blev født i 1997.

Ifølge japanerne er det ekstremt vigtigt at genvinde affald (den nationale affaldsbehandlingsrate på 100%), og Japan bør etablere en dynamisk genbrugskæde for lithium-ion-batterier inden for 5 år i fødslen af ​​det nye energikøretøj, men faktisk ikke. Selv hvis der er en Toyota, genvind nikkel-brint-batteriet (det kraftfulde lithium-ion-batteri til blanding af køretøjer), som er det samme i det urentable dilemma. Japan is until 2011 to start recycling nickel-hydrogen battery projects in local locations.

Cooperate in local, Toyota and Summit metal, with the latter world-class high-purity extraction technology, Toyota realizes multiple utilization of nickel in a hybrid vehicle dynamic lithium-ion battery, which can recover 50% nickel in the battery pack; At the same time, Toyota Chemical Engineering and Sumitomo Metal Mine is equipped with a special production line that is equivalent to 10,000 hybrid electric vehicle batteries. In 2012, Honda has made similar things to Japan's heavy chemical industrial companies. Dog kan Hondas genbrugsprojekter genvinde mere end 80 % af sjældne jordarters metaller til fremstilling af nye NiMH-batterier.

For et par år siden kunne nikkel genvundet i et hybridbilbatteri kun bruges til at fremstille rustfrit stål. Med udviklingen af ​​højpræcisions nikkelekstraktions- og separationsteknologi kan nu genvundet nikkel bruges til at producere nye batterier. Toyota har promoveret nikkelgenbrugsteknologi til oversøiske fabrikker.

Although the recycling battery is the responsibility, the Japanese companies also rely on recycling metal (including extremely valuable rare earth elements to Japan) as a recycling industry driving force. I Europa udviser Toyota en mere aktiv holdning, som hænger sammen med Europas mere krævende miljøregler. Toyota meddelte sidste år, at 100 % af det blandede bilbatteri blev opnået med en genvindingsgrad på 91 %.

Toyota forlængede også SNAM (Frankrig), UMICORE Group (Belgien) partnerskab, og sidstnævnte er inddrevet fra sidstnævnte. Og Toyota (inklusive Lexus) har solgt 850.000 blandede biler i Europa, som er blevet solgt i Europa. På samme tid, for at forlænge levetiden af ​​power-lithium-ion-batteriet, forhindres produktionsgrænsen for behandlingstoppen.

Toyota promoverer også den dynamiske lithium-ion batteristige. Sidste år vil Toyota bruge Waste Battery of Camry Mixed Power Cars til Bank of Huangshi National Park. Nissan samarbejder også med Sumitomo om at udvikle batterisystemer, der bruger elektriske køretøjers hørelse, som et sekundært energilagringssystem til solenergi, til uafhængig strømforsyning om natten og utilstrækkelig lys.

Sumitomo business og Nissan joint venture etablerede 4Renergy selskab, med kommerciel genbrug af elektriske biler EV affald lithium-ion-batterier, dens virksomhed har etableret fem år, er blevet kommercielt succesfuld lithium-ion batteri genbrugsvirksomhed. .