Briefly describe five types of fault judgment in electric vehicle batteries

著者：Iflowpower – Fornitur Portable Power Station

Electric vehicle battery manufacturing level is uneven, battery quality, performance difference is quite large. The quality of equipment coordinated with the battery also affects the performance of the battery varying degrees. There are thousands of different conditions, which also caused the difference in performance of electric vehicles, which can understand the quality of the battery in the user.

In important components of electric vehicles, the battery's failure rate is high, and some typical faults are listed, and the test processing method is introduced. I. Battery plate sulfate 1, fault phenomenon plate sulfate is also called battery vulcanization is the most common fault of lead-acid batteries, and many battery failures are also due to this failure.

The important manifestation of the plate sulfate is: the voltage is raised soon, and the temperature is rapid, the temperature is fast, and the capacity is small when the discharge is low. 2. The inspection and treatment of the fault and the cause of the polar sulfate is due to the following: (1) The storage time is too long, the self-discharge rate is high, and the charging is not maintained.

(2) Recharge it in time after discharge. (3) Long time is under the state of charge. (4) Over-discharge.

(5) Dry or added electrolyte concentration. When there is sulfate in the battery, it should be repaired according to the degree of weight. If the vulcanization is heavy, it is necessary to return to the battery to return to normal.

The specific method is: first add pure water or density of 1.05 g / cm3 dilute sulfuric acid to the rich liquid, and then charge it with a positive and negative pulse charger. The first charge is sufficient for 12 hours, filled Electric removal, then charge, accumulated charging time to reach more than 24 hours, this is the common method of battery repair shop.

Family users, you can charge the charger with the normal pulse charger after adding water, as usual charging. Lighter vulcanization, please use the positive and negative pulse charger to sulfur directly. Second, the battery is charged 1, the failure phenomenon first checks whether the connection of the charging circuit is reliable, check whether the connection and plug contact is intact, carefully check if the socket and the plug have a fire arc phenomenon, there is a wireless damage line, etc.

Check if the charger is damaged, whether the charging parameters meet the requirements. Check if there is a dry phenomenon within the battery, that is, the battery is seriously lacking. It should also be checked whether the polar is present in sulfate.

The sulfate of the plate can be determined by the change of the end voltage by charge and discharge. At the time of charging, the voltage of the battery is very fast, some single-handed voltage is particularly high, exceeding normal value; the voltage drop is particularly fast, the battery is not stall or stall. In the above case, sulfate can be determined by the battery.

2. The test and processing of the fault will first connect the charging circuit, and the charger should be replaced. The dry battery should add pure water or 1.

050 sulfuric acid to maintain charging, discharge recovery battery capacity. If there is a sulfate, it should be used to activate recovery capacity using a positive and negative pulse charging. The maintenance of the dry battery is charged, which should control the maximum current 1.

8A, charge 10-15 hours, three batteries are in 13.4V / month. Батареянын ортосундагы чыңалуу айырмасы 0дөн ашса.

3V, it shows that the battery has no synchronized sulfate. Regarding the cells that have a sulfate, replace the entire group of batteries or use the positive and negative pulse. Third, the new battery voltage is faster 1, the fault phenomenon new battery is loaded, the voltage drops quickly when starting.

2, the fault check and handling inspection meter display voltage is consistent with battery capacity. When the voltage displayed by the instrument does not meet the above table, the manufacturer should be adjusted. Check if the battery cable is reliable, there is short circuit and connection unreliable, etc.

Have it excluded. Check if the electric vehicle starts and the operating current is too large, if it is too large (the start current is above 15A, the current 6A is over 6A) should adjust the controller limit value or check the motor. Check if the battery capacity is low, if it is low, it should use the positive and negative pulse charge with the battery.

Fourth, battery deformation 1, the fault phenomenon of battery is not burst, often has a process. The battery enters a high voltage charging region at about 80% of the charge to the capacity. At this time, the oxygen is precipitated in the positive electrode plate, and the oxygen is passed through the hole in the separator, and oxygen residual reaction is performed on the negative plate: 2Pb + O2 = 2PBO + heat PBO + H2SO4 = PBSO4 + H2O + heat reactions occurred in heat, when the charging capacity reaches 90%, the rate of oxygen increases, and hydrogen is started.

The new addition of a large amount of gas makes the battery internal pressure exceeds the valve pressure, the safety valve is opened, the gas escapes, and finally it is lost. 2H2O = 2H2<000000>uarr;+ O2<000000>uarr;As the number of battery cycles increases, the moisture gradually decreases. As a result, the battery is as follows: (1) The oxygen passage becomes smooth, and the oxygen appearing in the positive electrode is easy to reach the negative electrode through the channel.

(2) The heat capacity is reduced, and the heat storage in the battery is water, water loss, the battery heat capacity is greatly reduced, and the heat of the battery has increased the battery temperature. (3) Due to the contraction of ultrafine glass fiber separators in the battery after lossless, it is deteriorated with the adhesion of the positive and negative plate, the internal resistance increases, and the heat generation during the charge and discharge is increased. After the above process, the heat inside the battery can only be dissipated by the battery trough, such as less heat dissipation, that is, the temperature rise.

The temperature rises, so that the gas is reduced, the quantity is increased, and the normal amount of oxygen is passed through the channel, and a large amount of heat is given, the temperature is rapidly rising, forming a vicious circle, that is, the so-called thermal out of control, final temperature More than 80oC or more, that is, deformation. 2, the fault check and handling a set of batteries (3) simultaneously deformed, first do voltage check. If the voltage is substantially normal, it should also measure whether a single-grid voltage is shorted, and there is no short circuit, indicating that the deformation is caused by thermal failure.

Attention should be heard the charging parameters of the charger. The voltage is high (above 44.7V above) No charging protection or trickle conversion point current is low (the battery of the different alloy sheet is required to conversion current is not the same, and the battery made of lead calcium-tin aluminum alloy is used.

The conversion current is smaller, 0.025-0.03c2a; the battery conversion current made of the lead-borne enabled grid is 0.

03-0.04C2A, requiring replacement charger. A set of batteries (3 only) only 1 or 2 modifications, the possibility of the following faults: (1) is inconsistent with battery charge, which causes certain battery overcharge caused by deformation when charging.

The cause of inconsistency is inconsistent, there may be short-circuit monosuses, or the user may discharge battery test or self-discharge, etc. (2) is that some batteries have a polar plate irreversible sulfate, and the internal resistance increases, and the charging heat is deformed. 3) It is the reaction-resistant deformation that causes charging when some battery is connected.

The discharge capacity and self-discharge characteristics are inspected for unmartbeatted batteries. If there is no abnormality, it is not a battery problem. Solving the deformation of the battery is: ▲ To ensure the premise of non-leakage, to extend or prevent the emergence of thermal out-of control; ▲ Prevent internal short circuit or micro short circuit, and with micro short-circuit tendency; ▲ should be used during use Prevent over-discharge occurrence, to store the electricity storage; ▲ Strictly check the charger, do not have serious excessive charge, the common three-stage charger on the market, usually there is no automatic power failure function, everyone will not pay attention Overcharge, it is easy to charge the battery.

The positive and negative pulse charger is automatically converted to a floating state because there is a negative pulse discharge, and the battery is not damaged, so that the battery is not damaged, so that the battery is used to prevent battery deformation, prevent Best choice for battery. ▲ Charge at high temperatures, must ensure that the battery is dissolute. Cooling measures should be taken or to decrease the charging time, otherwise it should stop charging.

V. Unbalanced battery pack 1. The balance of the tandem storage unit is a worldwide problem, and there will always be a backward battery in the process.

The reason is a variety of diverse, production reasons, and the causes of raw materials, etc. 2, the failure check and processing first make the battery to be charged, then discharged with 2 hour rate current. The voltage of the battery is constantly measured during the discharge process, and the backward battery of the discharge capacity is selected.

First, add 1.050 dilute sulfate to just see the flow electrolyte, then continue charging 12-15 hours. Pay attention to the temperature of the battery should not exceed 500C when charging.

Заряддоо аяктагандан кийин, 0,5-4 саат туруп, 2 сааттык разрядды кайра колдонуңуз. During the discharge process, the value of single voltage is measured.

If the discharge time does not reach the standard or single voltage to 1.6V, the discharge time differs from the normal single-finished battery (the factory is 5 minutes, 6 months, 6 months Due to more than 8 minutes, 9 months differs more than 10 minutes, 13 months difference in 15 minutes), then repeat the above-mentioned charge and discharge program operation until it meets the requirements. If it is repeated charge and discharge cycle, the battery capacity has no significant increase or still odd from about 0V.

This battery is generally short-circuited, or the active material is severely detached softened, severe irreversible sulfate, etc., cannot be repaired, should be scrapped. Battery that meets the requirements can continue to be used, but should be exhausted under a constant voltage 15V / only charge conditions, clean the surface of the battery, an on the cap valve, and use a PVC (or chloroform) adhesive Panel bonding.

If you use a positive and negative pulse charger, it is possible to reduce the voltage difference of each battery to a certain extent.