Slow deep reason for the progress of domestic fuel power battery catalysts

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

Catalyst as one of the core materials of fuel power lithium battery, and its localization is related to industry concerned. According to the research on high-rise hydrogen and electrical research, many domestic research institutes have carried out research on fuel-powered lithium battery catalysts, with certain research foundations. According to the combination of industrial development, fuel power lithium battery catalysts achieve mass production issues, the company has certain equipment to invest funds and process optimization capabilities, but the key issue is after the production line is completed, whether the product produced is Each performance indicator meets the real commercial needs.

Fuel powered lithium battery catalysts are different from general catalysts, high performance indicators such as activity, stability, and durability, to be continuously tested, accumulated, perfect, can slowly formulate in the continuous use process. Commercial products produced. The domestic fuel-powered lithium battery is still in its infancy.

In order to prevent risks, the downstream company selection catalyst will give priority to the actual imported catalyst, of course, will also test the domestic catalyst, but truly assured use and should have a process. Overall, the current domestic fuel-powered lithium battery catalyst is still in the laboratory R & D stage, or the company can build a production line, but it is necessary to have a large operating cost and output cost, in order to truly implement a strictly functioning in strict sense. Some companies have been able to produce catalysts, which may be used for promotion, but they can truly be used by downstream batches.

At this stage, there is a catalyst of Tanaka, Tanaka, and Johnsonmatthey, in which Tianzhong precious metal has risen quickly in the domestic market this year, and the market share exceeds Zhuangxin Wanfeng (after detailed analysis of the following Cause of market strategies and variations). The industry is concerned about why domestic fuel power lithium battery catalysts are more research, and participants are also more, and the actual industrialization is slower? Where is the domestic catalyst and the imported catalyst technology, why do this gap? What is the development trend of domestic catalysts and market prospects? The technical gap is well known that one of the primary tasks of domestic fuel power lithium batteries is currently increasing power density. Improve the power density of fuel power lithium batteries to increase performance and decrease in volume.

In terms of performance, the fuel power lithium battery performance is improved by reducing activation polarization, ohmic polarization, etc. by reducing activation polarization, ohmic polarization. Improve the performance of fuel power lithium battery first to reduce activation polarization, and activation polarization is closely related to catalyst activity.

There are many factors affecting the activity of catalysts, such as the performance of the carrier (specific surface area, aperture structure, surface chemistry, etc.), the content of the active metal in the catalyst, the size of the particle size, the macroscopic and microscopic distribution of the active metal in the carrier, etc. There are many solutions to high activity and high-stability catalysts at home and abroad.

How to improve catalyst performance on the basis of reducing platinum usage, very difficult. At present, domestic companies have studied platinum catalysts, while reserving cobalt catalysts (market applications are mostly platinum catalysts, under the promotion of foreign companies, downstream companies have also begun to apply platinum cobalt catalysts). A catalyst company's technical director said: "There is a gap between domestic and foreign gaps, how to prepare high specific surface area, better conductivity, better stability, better stability, there is a gap between carbon carriers.

"It is understood that platinum salts currently used in fuel power lithium battery catalysts are basically purchased in China, but toner is completely dependent on import. Toner is cheap, there is no problem with long-term imports. However, from the perspective of technical perspections, the technical research of domestic research institutions is not valued, the foundation is very weak, and the research and preparation of the catalyst carbon carrier has an impact.

Suitable for fuel-powered lithium battery catalysts, such as carbon paper and hydrogen storage bottles of the gas diffusion layer, is a bottleneck problem that is difficult to overcome. In addition, a professor who focuses on platinum carbon catalyst studies tells high work hydrogen electricity, and platinum can be dispersed from nanometers to the carbon carrier, and the domestic gap is also obvious. Highly dispersion of platinum in carbon carrier is a very important factor in catalyst design, which can improve the utilization of platinum, reduce the amount of platinum, and must consider the type, hydrophobic, surface functional group of the carbon carrier when the catalyst is designed.

During the catalyst preparation, the catalyst load process is usually optimized, the carbon support structure, surface properties are treated, and these treatment processes affect the dispersibility of platinum catalysts. Restricted to many factors, there is a gap between domestic platinum catalyst activity and international advanced level. In order to achieve commercial requirements, domestic catalysts use platinum content generally high.

It is understood that Toyota Mirai fuel dynamic lithium battery catalyst PT content is 0.175 g / kW, and domestic products have a good value of 0.3 g / kW, and the difference is 0.

4-0.5g / kW (PT content refers to the catalyst in cooled. Total metal.

The 2020 catalyst technical indicators set by the US DOE are the total amount of platinum group metal (both pole sum) is 0.125g / kW, according to the domestic existing technical level, 2020 is difficult to achieve. It is worth noting that the fuel power lithium battery is in the reaction process, since the exchange current density of the oxygen reduction reaction (OR) is much lower than the hydroxide reaction (HOR), the general polarization loss is important from the cathode side (air side).

In a comparison, the anode side catalyst research and development is relatively simple, and the amount of platinum has dropped to a relatively low degree, and the catalyst activity of the cathode side catalyst is increased, and the platinum amount is usually 5-6 times more than the anode side catalyst. Therefore, the current research focus is how to improve the activity of cathode side catalysts. Company strategy from the global fuel power lithium battery catalyst market, Toyota fuel power lithium battery car uses its own company's catalyst; modern fuel power lithium battery car Korea's catalyst, the South Korean company has been acquired by Jimei; Honda Fuel Power The catalyst of the lithium battery car field precious metal; from the perspective of my country's market, Tianzhong precious metal and Zhuang Xin Wanfeng expanded in the country in the forefront.

This is important to benefit from the long-term accumulation and company strategy of the two companies in the field of catalyst. According to data, Tianzhong precious metals have been developed from 1985 to study fuel power lithium battery catalysts, assembled long-year-old catalyst technology and electrochemical techniques, and developed PEFC cathode (air poles) with high-active platinum catalysts, as well as the anode (fuel pole) Excellent platinum alloy catalyst with carbon monoxide (CO) toxic characteristics. In 2018, Tianzhong precious metal investment is about 4 billion yen to expand the FC catalyst development center of electrode catalyst for fuel power lithium batteries in Kanagawa Prefecture.

In adjacent to the original FC catalyst development in Tianzhong Precious Metal Industry, the original FC catalyst development, the total construction area of ​​approximately 3,000 square meters is added, and the warehouse building is stored in the warehouse building, and the production capacity is about 7 times. A insider said: "Tanaka has started to develop fuel power lithium battery catalysts, focusing on developing fuel power lithium batteries in Japan. The expansion yield of fields means optimistic about future markets.

At present, my country's customer occupation is relatively large, and it should be the market that is more valued. The fuel power lithium battery catalyst product series in the field can also develop customized products according to customer requirements, which is difficult for other manufacturers. "Zhuangxin Wanfeng was established in London in 1817, which is a global special chemical company, which is committed to developing catalyst, precious metal and special chemical core technology.

As early as the catalyst product used in the United States in the United States in the 1960s, it was supplied by Zhuang Xin Wanfeng. The research and production of fuel-powered lithium battery catalysts was also very early. In our market, whether it is company or research institutions to buy a lot of Zhuang Xin Wanfeng catalyst products.

It is worth mentioning that the catalyst product of Zhuangxin Wanfeng to my country is the early product of market verification, and the production base is in North America. Since the overall market capacity of the fuel power lithium battery catalyst is not large, the company's profit contribution is small, and Zhuang Xin Wanfeng's business focuses on the membrane electrode, and the catalyst technology on the membrane electrode products is more advanced. The company's film electrode products were purchased from Zhuang Xinwan.

High-rise hydrogen is understood that Zhuangxin Wanfeng has established a film electrode plant in the UK in 2000. For many years, Zhuangxin Wanfeng film electrode business has been continuously launched, did not stagnant due to market fluctuations, currently North America and European mass production fuel power lithium battery companies are their customers. In China, Zhuang Xin Wanfeng and Baraard membrane electrodes gradually form a PK situation.

Comparing Tanazhong Gui Metal and Zhuang Xin Wanfeng, the domestic company has only started to develop the research and development of fuel-powered lithium battery catalyst in recent years, and accumulated is obviously less insufficient. As a car product, it must be in line with the standard of car, and it must also be truly recognized in the car. This is the most lack of domestic catalyst.

One senior industry said: "Compares domestic and foreign companies, the biggest difference is that our company basically revolves around the policy, and few companies have their own sustainable development strategy. Foreign companies are not so much, only a few have a few unified future development prospects, self-negative and profitting, and even if there is no market, it is continuously investment. It is also because of long-term persistence, in order to occupy a technical highland when the fuel power lithium battery.

"The industry wants that catalysts can be bracomized as soon as possible, otherwise the development of the entire fuel power lithium battery industry is unfavorable. However, in the domestic basic materials, the industry is more impetuous in the environment where the policy is strong, the policy is strong, the company has a strong sense of commercial promotion. "Domestic catalyst is not can't do, if you can do things in the ground, the company personnel, equipment, capital investment can keep up, closely combined with the terminal application, I believe that the performance indicator is still good for performance.

"The above-mentioned senior people said that of course because the current capacity of the entire fuel power lithium battery market is not large, there are many uncertainties, which is likely to wait for imported products to be mature and stable, and domestic is slowly entering. .