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Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier
The leakage problem of solar panels can be used in conventional Schottky diodes in series with solar panels, but the forward voltage drop of Schottky diodes makes it consumes a lot of power under high current conditions. Therefore, to maintain the Schottky diode in a low temperature state with an expensive radiator and a fine layout. So, have there any low-cost solution? Solar Battery Charger Design The most troublesome designer's "Full rechargeable battery floating voltage control" and "loading the battery board on the best power point" problem? Hereinafter, the Linear power expert will introduce you the latest low-cost solution for the company.
As a power generation method in commercial and residential environment, the solar panel has been widely accepted by people. However, despite progress in technology, the cost of the solar panel is still very expensive. This high cost has a large part from the battery board itself, here, the size of the battery board (thus also including its cost) will increase with the desired output power.
Therefore, in order to create a minimum shape, the best cost-effective solution is important to maximize the performance of the battery board. In general, the energy acquired by the solar panel is used to charge the battery. The battery's energy storage is inverted to support the operation of the terminal application circuit without sunlight irradiation.
If you want to achieve the best design of the solar cell charger, you must know the features of the solar panel. First, due to a large binding area, the solar panel will leak, and the battery will discharge through the battery board under the dark conditions. Moreover, each solar panel has a characteristic IV curve with the maximum power point, so when the load characteristics are matched with the battery board characteristics, energy extraction will be reduced.
Ideally: The battery board will be continuously loaded on the maximum power point to sufficiently utilize the available solar energy, and thus maximizes the cost of the battery board. Under normal circumstances, a Schottky diode connected in series with the battery board can be used to solve the problem of leakage of the panel. Reverse leaks are reduced to a very low value; however, the forward voltage drop of the Schottky diode (it consumes a lot of power under high current conditions) will still cause energy loss.
Therefore, to maintain the Schottky diode in a low temperature state with an expensive radiator and a fine layout. A more effective way to solve this power dissipation problem is to replace Schottky diode with a MOSFET-based ideal diode. This will reduce the forward voltage to as low as 20mV, thereby significantly reduce power consumption, while reducing the complexity, shape and cost of heat dissipation layout.
Fortunately, since some IC vendors have made ideal diodes with this specification (such as the L L Llets supplied with LTC4412), the above objectives are easily implemented. However, there are two problems still exist, namely: "Floating voltage control of the rechargeable battery" and "loading the battery board in the best power generation point". These problems can often be solved by using a switch mode charger and a high-efficiency bucking regulator.
Line Lolit has developed such a circuit, which is synchronized by LTC1625NORESNSE (no detection resistor) synchronous buck controller, LTC1541 micro-power operation amplifier, comparator and benchmark, and LTC4412 ideal diode composition. This circuit is given below for reference: Figure: Peak power tracking buck charger minimizes the circuitry in the efficiency diagram to be placed between the solar panel and the battery for adjusting the battery floating voltage. An additional control loop based on the LTC1541 is operated on the maximum battery board power point.
This efficiency is increased to reduce the size of the battery board, which reduces the cost of the overall solution. When there is a mismatch between the output of the battery board and the battery voltage, the important advantage of this circuit is particularly prominent.
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