Dynamic lithium battery recycling is expected to explode the rise of three yuan battery dismantling more potential

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

● For new energy vehicles, the battery is replaced when the battery capacity is attenuated to 70% to 80% of the initial capacity. Among them, the use period of the electric passenger car battery is 4 to 6 years, and the battery of the commercial vehicle is higher, so the service life is about 3 to 5 years. Since new energy vehicles strongly promote starting from 2013, it is possible to calculate the first batch of battery update replacement, will be around 2018, when the retirement and update of the power lithium-ion battery is expected to usher in the explosive rise.

● About the three-dimensional material battery, the commonly used recovery means still disassemble, the metal of the disassembly product nickel-cobalt lithium copper aluminum has a high economic value, generally used in the re-manufacturing of the power lithium-ion battery. At present, the dismantling market is relatively dispersed, and in the currently retired battery, the three-yuan material battery is relatively low, but due to nickel, cobalt and other precious metals are still the scarce resources of the upstream industry, therefore, the dismantling of the three-yuan battery has Great potential. New energy vehicles enter the stable development period with traditional vehicles, the advantages of new energy vehicles in environmental protection are reflected in: 1.

Harmful particulate matter low emissions. Due to the harmful substances such as electricity, hydrogen or mixed energy, lead, benzene and particulate matter, it is smaller than conventional fuel trains, even if the power consumption is conversion as the power plant emissions, resulting in Pollution is also less than traditional cars, because the power plant's energy conversion rate is higher, and centralized emissions can be more convenient to install reduction. 2.

Improve energy utilization. Taking an electric vehicle as an example, pressing 15 to 20 kWh per 100 kilometers, considering the loss of power plants and electric machines, energy consumption is about 7kg standard coal; traditional vehicles consume 10L per 100 kilometers 10L, energy consumption is about 10kg Standard coal. Based on the advantages of new energy vehicles in environmental protection, the relevant departments have issued a lot of support policies for the production, sales and purchase of new energy vehicles, and stimulate new energy automotive industries.

The new energy auto market has ushered in production. After the sales of sales have continued to maintain a high-speed rise, 2013 to 2015, the new energy automobile market has achieved explosive rising, and the output is multiplied year by year. Since 2016, the rise of the new energy vehicle market has risen to the outbreak and the output of more than 50% of the production growth in the past two years.

The production of 7.94 million in 2017, up 53.6% year-on-year.

After the dynamic lithium-ion battery breaks, turn to a smooth and high rising power lithium-ion battery as a new energy vehicle supporting equipment, which has also experienced the development process of outbreak to a smooth high rise. Overall, the 2017 lithium-ion battery total outgoing goods is 38.2GWh, up 37.

0% year-on-year. During the development of the power lithium-ion battery, the major manufacturers use high-performance lithium-ion batteries as an important object. According to the different important points of the positive material: iron phosphate ion battery and nickel-cobalt manganese, nickel-cobalt aluminum or the like The ternary battery representative, wherein the lithium iron phosphate is stable and the service life is long.

And the advantages such as charging efficiency make it increasingly favored by the market in recent years, accounting for rapid improvement. In 2017, the amount of lithium phosphate ion battery is 19.97GWH, accounting for 50%; while the three-yuan material battery is 16.

15GWH, accounting for 44%. In 2018, the growth speed of the lithium-ion battery recovery is expected to exceed 200% related to new energy vehicles. When the battery capacity is attenuated to 70% to 80% of the initial capacity, it is necessary to replace the battery.

Among them, the use period of the electric passenger car battery is 4 to 6 years, and the battery of the commercial vehicle is higher, so the service life is about 3 to 5 years. Since new energy vehicles strongly promote starting from 2013, it is possible to calculate the first batch of battery update replacement, will be around 2018, when the retirement and update of the power lithium-ion battery is expected to usher in the explosive rise. A large number of retired batteries will bring potential threats to the environment, especially heavy metals, electrolytes, solvents, and various types of organic contranes in the dynamic lithium-ion battery.

If it is not abandoned without reasonable disposal, it will cause huge harm to soil, water source, etc. The repair process is long and the cost is high. Therefore, the recycling demand is urgent.

We assume that the new energy passenger car battery usage period is 5 years. The commercial vehicle is 4 years. After the expiration rate increases year by year, the production of the dynamic lithium-ion battery can be measured from the 2018 dynamic lithium-ion battery according to the 2018 dynamic lithium ion battery.

The amount of the installed volume will reach 11.14 GWH, which has increased significantly by 278.9% year-on-year; if the lithium iron phosphate and the three-dimensional material battery energy density is stable at 0.

11mWh / t and 0.18mWh / T, the corresponding weight is about 922,000 tons, up 273.3 %.

The ladder of the recycled regeneration method still has the improvement of the space ladder to use the refundable dynamic lithium-ion battery through test, screening, reorganization, etc., again for low-speed electric vehicles, backup power supplies, electric energy storage, etc. Requires lower areas, the current important areas of the ladder is still in energy storage and peak.

Taking my country Tower as an example, its iron tower is backup, peak-filled vulles station and other reserves are about 8800kWh (currently important service life, low energy density, low price of lead-acid batteries), and with the continuous improvement of environmental requirements For the replacement of lead-acid batteries will be used to open huge demand gaps. At present, the ladder utilization technology mainly based on PACK (multi-stage series parallel battery constitutes a module) + BMS (battery management system) is a more mainstream selection. The PACK process is divided into three parts: processing, assembly, and packaging.

The core is to form a battery pack in series with multiple single cells through the mechanical structure. During the specific operation, since the mechanical strength, system matching of the entire battery package should be considered, there should be a large number of maturity technologies such as thermal management, current control and detection, module assembly design, and computer virtual development. The important function of the BMS battery management system is intelligent management and maintenance of each battery unit to prevent battery prevention and over-discharge, and monitor the battery status in real time, resulting in the purpose of protecting battery life.

BMS is a collection of management systems, control, display, communication, and information acquisition modules, which has played a link to connect the whole vehicle, battery and the entire battery system. For battery manufacturers, BMS reflects the core technical competitiveness of the manufacturer, and the BMS determines the scope of use, life and overall value of the battery of the battery. At present, there are two problems in the development of technology and commercialization of the ladder.

From a technical point of view, since the power lithium-ion battery consistency is poor, the life is different, the BMS system will be departed from the actual situation of the battery, thereby challenging the ladder utilization process to safety, product quality. From a commercial point of view, the current standardization of the product is relatively low. In addition, because the battery model is different, the amount of battery required to be in group will be large, screening, grouping and processing costs are relatively high, only a few technologies mature companies can obtain economic benefits.

Despite this, there are already many industry leaders and our downstream use companies such as my country Tower and the strategic cooperation agreement. With the continuous introduction and implementation of various standards of dynamic lithium-ion batteries, the consistency of the battery will increase significantly. The close relationship will give the application problem of the application of the ladder.

Trimed battery dismantling technology relatively mature three-yuan material battery, commonly used recovery means still disassemble, its dismantling product nickel-cobalt lithium copper aluminum has a high economic value, generally used in power lithium-ion batteries manufacture. At present, the recycling process is important to three kinds of dry methods, wet methods and biological recovery. Among them, the wet method is the current important process, which has high recovery and can be used for precious metals; the dry method is generally used as a wet supporting process, and it is important for the preliminary treatment of metal; and the biological recovery is still in the primary stage, technology development Still not mature.

According to the "New Energy Automobile Waste Battery Battery Utilization Industry Standard Conditions and Industry Standard Notice Management", the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is issued, "encourages the use of dry methods and wet methods to recycle power storage batteries. At present, the dismantling market is relatively dispersed, and in the currently retired battery, the three-yuan material battery is relatively low, but due to nickel, cobalt and other precious metals are still the scarce resources of the upstream industry, therefore, the dismantling of the three-yuan battery has Great potential. Three-yuan battery: precious metal prices maintain high dismantling income space broad three-yuan battery recycled renewal due to high price of precious metals in recent years.

Considering that the three-yuan battery recycling company is re-selling the downstream company after dismantling the precious metal, the sales price should be lower than the market price of pure metal form, so it is assumed to sell at a rate of 70% in the market price, then the ternary battery The dismantling revenue is 34,000 yuan / ton, then in 2023, only the expected size of the three-yuan battery dismantling market can reach 5.41 billion yuan, and the annual average compound rate of the next five years can reach 61.9%.

Lithium phosphate ion battery: The ladder uses the market potential to dismantle the recycling, the current cost of using the most widely used wet recovered lithium iron phosphate ion battery is around 8,500 yuan / ton, while the noble metal regeneration material revenue is only 8100 yuan. Therefore, the loss of about 400 yuan / ton of the loss. Therefore, from economic aspects, we only calculate the ladder of lithium iron phosphate ion batteries.

We assume that the PACK + BMS technology is used to use, and the cost of PACK is approximately 0.3 yuan / WH. BMS cost is 0.

1 yuan / WH. The recovery cost of waste phosphate ion battery is 0.05 yuan / WH, and the lithium iron phosphate is used.

The total cost is about 0.45 yuan / WH, the returns of the ladder is 0.6 yuan / WH.

It is assumed that the energy density of the lithium iron phosphate ion battery is 110Wh / kg, and the energy of the recovered battery is reduced to 70%, then in 2023, the returning space of the ladder is expected to exceed 5 billion yuan. The new energy vehicle policy is an important wind direction standard for new energy vehicles. On the one hand, the "13th Five-Year Plan" is indicated by the development of new energy vehicles, on the other hand, for product access, battery supply, charging foundation Facilities, energy management and subsidies, etc.

also proposed clear requirements. As the power lithium-ion battery is about to step into the report, a series of policies have been launched for the technical specifications and management of dynamic lithium-ion batteries, especially in February 2018, coding, The unity of technical specifications such as iletic monitoring will further promote the efficient application of recovery methods such as ladder utilization. At present, some areas have direct subsidies to ladder use.

Shanghai recycled dynamic lithium-ion battery has 1000 yuan / set of rewards. Shenzhen vehicle factory is based on 20 yuan / kWh special account for power lithium ion battery recovery processing funds. At the same time, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Shenzhen has launched the pilot plan, which is important in terms of information management registration, cargo recycling subsidies and channel establishment.

The "New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling Pilot Execution Method" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, decided to choose some areas such as Beijing-Tianjin, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Central Region, etc. Pattern, promote advanced technological innovation and application, establish a pilot work of improving policy incentives and other four aspects. In the early stage, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology publicized the list of "New Energy Automobile Waste Battery Battery Comprehensive Utilization Industry Standard Conditions" company list, clearly pointing to the support of policy measures and funding channels in the place where the pilot units are located, and they are required to support my country Tower and other advantageous companies.

Joint establishment of industrial funds, strengthen companies and financial institutions. Multi-position, strong support aim to help pilot units play exemplary purposes, thereby regulate industry development and improve concentration. The introduction of this pilot unit aims first to form a batch of mature chains extended by producers' responsibility, and promote the construction of recycling system through demonstration effect.

Demand in developed regions and channel layouts into important barrier dynamic lithium-ion batteries have strong regionality, and the channels will be relatively fixed after industry standards. Therefore, the leading company in the regional and industrial chain layout channels is expected to obtain stable retired battery resources in the future. At present, the manufacturing company and promotion policies of domestic new energy vehicles are concentrated in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Guangdong and other regions.

As of the end of 2016, the new energy car ownership of first-tier cities such as Shanghai and Beijing is about 352,000, accounting for 23% of the national insurance. Similarly, there is also a strong regionality in the recovery channel of the dynamic lithium-ion battery, and the increase in production distribution and the new energy vehicle promotion area is relatively high. At present, the leading companies in the industry have expanded through self-built production lines, mergers and acquisitions and upstream and downstream cooperation, etc.

Among them, companies represented by Guanghua Technology, Greenmemme, etc. Signing a strategic cooperation agreement and other means to ensure the smooth downstream demand. Carnes, leading BYD, Yutong Bus and other companies participate in circulatory system by working with battery manufacturers or recycling manufacturers.

In addition, other links on the industrial chain, such as battery manufacturers (representatives of Ningde), equipment manufacturers (Tianqi Shares, etc.) have also cut into the recycling field through mergers and acquisitions. Technical drive standardization companies are expected to stand out with historical development patterns that compare lead-acid batteries, we believe that under policy driver, with scale effects and comprehensive technical advantages in the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery industry.

Leading company will achieve "good currency squeeze out inferior currency" in the future. 1. Dispersion of waste lead-acid battery recycling, low technology threshold, the market presents "inferior coin expelled" pattern lead-acid battery has been widely used in various fields such as traffic, communication, electricity since the inventive inventions in 1859.

So far, due to its stability of its operating voltage, the amount of discharge current range is wide, and the lead-acid battery is still used in a large field of life. The total amount of the scrap market is considerable: 2016 reported lead-acid battery is more than 5 million tons, including over 3 million tons of lead; 2017 reported lead-acid battery will exceed 6 million tons, including over 4 million tons of lead. Unlike the dynamic lithium ion battery, the distribution of lead-acid batteries is more dispersed, and the recovery technology threshold is lower.

Due to the lower melting point of lead, the battery component is relatively simple, even if there is no technical base square, it is also possible to obtain 80% to 90% of the battery in the battery. And the small workshop is free to pour the waste liquid, discharge the exhaust gas, no pollution treatment cost, and the profit margin is much higher than the formal lead-acid battery treatment plant. Therefore, there are many lead-acid batteries to flow into non-hazardous waste via small stall trafficking.

Business license small workshop. 2. Dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling technical requirements and policy starting point higher than the recycling of waste lead-acid battery, regular manufacturers face the competition of many small workshops, the recycling of the dynamic lithium-ion battery not only involve dismantling, but also involves dismantling.

Separation of various materials, pure repair of technology is higher, generally small workshop does not have the technical level of dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery, recycling, lead-acid battery. At the same time, environmentally friendly requirements further make small companies' survival spaces, policy orientation is also focused on improving the intensive development of the industry, and cultivating demonstration companies. Therefore, companies that will naturally improve market share while increasing technology to obtain high-yield and reduce environmental costs.

We recommend PCB chemicals as the main business, and we have also widely lay out of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling and material manufacturing. The company's lithium-ion battery business production is gradually released. In terms of positive electrode materials, existing three-yuan precursor production exceeds 1,000 tons / year, 2018 is expected to form 20,000 tons of phosphate and 14,000 tons of lithium iron production.

In terms of recycling, the company has set up a powerful lithium-ion battery recovery in Zhuhai. At the same time, since the company's chemical purification field technology is obvious, the battery service will fully enjoy the synergy with the main business, and it is expected to grow rapidly in the development of the industry. It is recommended to pay attention to the full-scale renewable resource recycling leader Greenmei.

The company has a powerful lithium-ion battery dismantling center such as Wuhan, Wuxi, Jingmen, and has established 4 storage power stations with BYD. Under the support of the front-end recovery, Greenmei has 30,000 tons of NCM production, 0.50,000 tons of NCA production, planned 50,000 tons of NCM production, 10,000 tons of NCA production.

In addition, you can focus on the Tianqi shares that use the car dismantled into the power lithium-ion battery. The company's pre-acquisition power lithium-ion battery recycled the equity of Jintai Pavilion and Dry Thai technology, thus cut into the power lithium-ion battery recycling industry. At present, the company's front-end car dismantling, battery recovery, back-end battery dismantling and renewable use industrial layout is perfect, and it is expected to enter the rapid development period in the future.