Dynamic lithium battery recycling is difficult to continue chaos or promote new scam?

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

In recent years, domestic new energy vehicle market has continued to rise, and the demand for power lithium batteries is constantly rising. Since the new energy vehicle power lithium battery is 5-8 years, it is expected that the new energy vehicle and power lithium battery will enter the peak period of 1020, and there will be a new normal, and the recycling of powerful lithium batteries will be. Will determine the efficient cycle and sustainable development of the new energy industry chain.

Although the relevant departments of the state did not take precautions in the raining of the series of powerful lithium battery recycling policies, the new energy vehicle and powerful lithium battery recycling fields have had policies and policies, develop confusion, even because of subsidies, recycling fraud ,worry. I. Domestic power lithium battery recycling status and trend 1, continuous introduction of heavy policies, dynamic lithium battery ladder use and recycling policy system tends to improve in recent years, the state attaches great importance to the construction of new energy automotive industrial systems, industrial planning, production registration In terms of entry, special planning, demonstration promotion, etc.

clearly propose the requirements for the recycling of the power lithium battery, and it is clearly related to the development direction of the industry. With the 1% market share of new energy vehicles, the national authorities have announced the "Interim Measures for the Administration of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling Management", "Producer Responsibility Extension System" and other regulations, etc., for automobile production and power lithium battery Recycling provides specific requirements, policy requirements are more specific and clear.

2, domestic scrap-in-one power lithium battery is more than 10 billion, and the high-speed rising of lithium iron phosphate has driven the high-speed rise of new energy vehicles to drive the substantial increase in the amount of lithium-ion battery. Since 2010, my country's new energy automobile industry has developed rapidly, and sales from 5900 vehicles from 5.07,000, new energy vehicles have exceeded 1 million.

After nearly ten years of development, many new energy vehicles will be in the face of elimination. At present, the current domestic new energy vehicle lithium-ion battery has basically entered the small peak of scrapped. It is expected that the 2018 movement lithium-ion battery market will exceed 14GWH.

A limited to technical level, the powerful lithium battery in 2010, commercial vehicles according to 3-year battery life, passenger car is estimated in 5 years of battery life, assuming that the lithium-ion battery recovery is 0.3 yuan / calculation, estimated 2020 theory scrap The amount will reach 37GWH, the power lithium-ion battery recycling market will exceed 11 billion. Due to the earlier domestic phosphate ion battery, the technology is relatively mature, so widely used in commercial vehicles, and most of BYD also uses a lithium iron-ion battery, so the scrapped time is relatively more.

3 The layout, basically form a lithium electrical material, the dynamic lithium battery system, the third-party mechanism three strong prototype. From the perspective of industrial health development, the recycling of power lithium batteries has extended the industrial layout, enhances the competitiveness of related companies, and effectively guarantee the supply of raw materials, and gradually constructs the industrial chain of resource recycling. From the perspective of the power lithium battery line, the layout of retired dynamic lithium battery is ladder by self-built or third-party institutions, and the recovery of the raw material of the lithium-ion battery will help alleviate the price increase of upstream materials and downstream vehicle companies.

Equal pressure. From a lithium electrical material, the recovery of the power lithium battery can not only expand the supply channel of the raw material, but also protect the supply of raw materials, but also reduce procurement costs, improve product profitability, and further improve the industrial chain layout, and create a material system closed loop. From a third-party recycling, through and professional lithium-ion batteries and raw materials companies, it is possible to fully recover non-ferrous metals such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, lithium, iron and aluminum, and improve the added value of the company.

Prerequisites, to expand the volume of waste lithium-ion battery recycling. 4, the dynamic lithium battery ladder use / recycling has accelerated promotion and application (1) "Substation mode" + ladder utilization is limited to power lithium battery life, theoretical, "Substation + Ladder Utilization mode" can deliver power efficiently Lithium battery value. The key point of the electric shift is to open the value chain.

It is necessary to consider the whole vehicle development design. Reduce industrial chain cost. This advantage of this "electric exchange + ladder use" mode is important in the car, electrical separation, can be maintained by operators anytime, anywhere, is maintained, medical examination, recycling, reuse, and update.

At present, domestic Beiqi new energy, car and home, and the company, the company use such a model, but the scale promotion and operation mode will face huge challenges. (2) Traders use + recycled utilization of dynamic lithium battery ladder, but also to expand the range of energy storage applications. Bosch Group built 2MW / 2MWH large photovoltaic power storage system with BMW's Activee and I3 pure electric car; Hangzhou Tu Technology will have 80% -30% battery application on low-speed express logistics car, function , Performance can be comparable to lead-acid batteries, but also reduce use costs.

Therefore, attenuated power lithium batteries can still be promoted in the fields of low-speed electric vehicles, energy storage, distributed photovoltaic power generation and some household power, and use the value prospects. For recycling of thorough discarded batteries, separation of pure metal, fully release metal sales value. By integrating automotive maintenance companies, battery production companies, and scrapped automotive dismantling companies, establish a perfect recycling channel, performing waste battery dismantling technology reserves, is also an important measure for the recycling of lithium battery in the future.

Such as domestic Bangu Group, Greenmei and other companies have completed related layouts. Second, policy requirements and reality deviation analysis 1, traditional car scrap recycling confusion, new energy vehicles and power lithium batteries are difficult, although the domestic introduction of systemized automobile recycling policies, my country's traditional car scrap recovery rate is much lower than the United States Developed countries such as Germany, France, have been in low position. Due to the low influence of car recycling industry, industry supervision is not enough, "quasi-reported truck" is low and scrapped, and used cars and illegal business companies are flexible, and high-priced high-priced acquisition of scrap vehicles, leading to old cars The owner is more likely to find buyers in the second-hand car market rather than active scrap.

This kind of discontinuation of traditional cars may also occur in new energy vehicles and power lithium batteries. According to statistics, the current domestic 90% of the waste batteries have not recycled from regular channels. On the one hand, domestic new energy vehicle power lithium battery products have not yet formed a national battery unified code, and the recycling links are full of vulnerabilities.

It is likely to flow to the people, and civil recovery is actually based on individual private workshops, and the recycling is irregular. Ladder utilization of low-speed electric vehicles, charging treasure, etc., or do not standardize the disassembly and extraction of valuables, causing hidden dangers.

On the other hand, new energy power lithium battery recovery is emerging things, and the cost of recycling is high. Most of the company's technical means relatively backward, the equipment is simple, the recovery of dismantling operation is not standardized, not environmentally friendly, no saving and other phenomena; the dismantling efficiency is not high, resulting in waste of resources and dismantling the site environmental pollution. Overall, my country's new energy vehicles and power lithium batteries are still immature in recycling, transportation, dismantling, and ladder utilization, and we must practice and revise.

2. From the technical route, lithium iron phosphate has the advantages of long life, good cycle performance, high safety, and metastasis to the energy storage area can extend its value chain, and the ladder has a comparative advantage; from the product structure, Super Wei Battery results It shows that the use of the 18650 power lithium battery of the three-yuan material is not as good as the energy density and cost, and the current product ladder use and technical maturity are fortunate at 21700 batteries; from the perspective of power lithium battery charge and discharge, the discharge rate is relaxed The product reaching the product of 0.3C or more is low in the storage area.

Therefore, the power lithium battery is in the process of actual ladder utilization, and it is necessary to fully consider the detection of battery electrical properties and safety performance, and determine its energy storage application requirements to incorporate it into the energy storage battery. 3. At present, despite the number of companies with powerful lithium battery recovery, dismantling and re-use qualification, lithium-ion battery material recovery technology is constantly iterative, but the battery dismantling recovery income is not optimistic.

Although lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate ion battery, etc., the power lithium battery can be safe, and the size disassembly can be performed, but some small-scale recycling vendors are important first to remove the battery to obtain positive, negative electrode, and then break sort, recycling Copper, aluminum and battery materials no longer refine the power lithium battery precious metal, because it does not refine the noble metal to remain lost. Because the current recovery cost is higher than the material value of the extracted, it is taken as an example, the value of the material extracted in a ton of lithium iron phosphate waste cells is about 8,000 yuan, and the recovery cost can be The level of 8500 ~ 9000 yuan, so the phosphate ion battery recovery is difficult to achieve earnings at this stage.

And the three-dimensional lithium battery is covered with noble metal elements such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium. It is theoretically capable of achieving the value of materials extracted in a ton of three-dimensional lithium waste cells (an average recovery rate of 90%) about 37,000 yuan. Recycling costs (including various artificial, equipment, etc.

) will exceed 20,000 yuan. If the power lithium battery upstream raw material cobalt, nickel prices continue to rise, direct disassembly recovery resources is much larger than the step utilization. However, the three-yuan material waste battery still contains a high pressure of 300 ~ 1000V, if it is in recycling, dismantling, the operation is not operating in the process, may result in a variety of problems such as fire explosion, heavy metal pollution, organic waste emissions.

Therefore, the recovery income of different lithium-ion batteries is completely different. The current stage, recovery of lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese acid may also be promoted by the country through financial subsidies. After all, the front-end production use of dynamic lithium batteries has rely on subsidies development.

The rear end must subsidize the promotion, otherwise, the scale and order development of the power lithium battery dismantling recovery will be greatly reduced. Third, the impact of deviations can not be ignored 1. The potential environmental risk of power lithium battery recycling is still in fact.

Many new energy vehicles in China have not had actual actions in power lithium battery recycling, more and batteries. Vendors are entangled in "Recycling Subject Responsibility", leading to the driving lithium battery recycling more stay in research. If the new energy vehicle power lithium battery does not achieve effective dismantling recovery, there will be hazardous solid waste, resulting in organic substances and heavy metal pollution.

Despite the strong environmental protection characteristics, new energy vehicles, the recovery of dynamic lithium batteries is more targeted, and the scientific and effectiveness of lithium-ion battery recycling and utilization regulatory system should be established as soon as possible. First, the traditional car scrap and recycling market chaos have not yet been effective, the number of revisitors and lead-acid batteries have been informal acquisition, non-formal dismantling, and the recovery process has not been effective, and the recycling place is remote; second, lack of lack of 2013 The qualified individual and small workshop illegally recycle lead-acid batteries, directly discharged the waste pickup, which has caused severe pollution of some regional environments, and after the suffering. 2.

Such as 2 years of Beiqi EV150, the residual value is only 26,000 yuan, Jianghuai new car uses only 46% of the new car after the use of the new car. Compared with the traditional fuel truck 2% to 80% of the residual value, the new energy car residual value of the same period is doubled. The new energy vehicle is too fast to depreciate is something that the owner is extremely reluctant to see.

Then the owner hopes that the power lithium battery of the recycling is high, so that the value of the vehicle will be high. Although the "Interim Measures for the Administration of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling", it is clear that the dynamic lithium battery design, access, production, sales, maintenance is replaced to the scrap and regeneration utilization, and the punishment mechanism has also been proposed, but supervision Performance will determine the effectiveness of power lithium battery recovery. It is also alert that there is already a large number of waste batteries that have flowed into the informal channels.

The informal recycling company has cost advantages, and this chaos bringing the industry will soon appear, and the supervisors urgently need to strengthen new energy vehicles and power lithium. Supervision of battery recycling channels. 3, scrap dynamic lithium battery or will have a sprouting of new energy cars in some areas, which has emerged in some areas of the spoofing, this and new energy vehicle power lithium battery life, retirement period, and new energy vehicle and power lithium battery residual value are closely related.

In general, ordinary fuel trucks have been scrapped, and the residual value harvested by consumers is generally low. For example, the accident car, if the traditional car collision is obvious, the maintenance is not strong, generally directly selling the car as a waste iron to the recycling company or the car repair factory, and the actual revenue is about 500 yuan; if it is the maintenance value , The automobile recovery company or automotive maintenance factory is generally evaluated by the best-selling, guarantee, etc. of the model and then priced, most of the price of several thousand yuan, and then waiting for useful parts to disassemble the sale of sales, left Most of the parts are all taken when scrapped.

Normal annual restricted car is also the same operating method, most product prices are around 10,000 yuan. Then, in the case of no national subsidies, the price is close to the price of traditional products, the insurance bought is also the price before subsidies. Then this will give a few opportunities for a few consumers.

Combined with existing vehicle loss insurance policies, if it is in an accident (including manufacturing accident), the loss of new energy vehicles will reach 50% to 80% of the new car, enough to allow consumers with "subsidized bonus" Re-purchase a new new energy car. The new energy car residual rate is low, the power lithium battery recovery and the ladder utilization have not high, "fraudulent" profit space is enough to allow consumers to walk, after all, the country does not purchase new energy vehicles for private consumers, propose Require. Overall, the value of new energy vehicles is also difficult to compare traditional cars.

The end consumers are difficult to obtain enough residual benefits, recycling and re-manufacturing companies are not high, which may be the fundamental of new energy vehicle power lithium batteries reason. IV. Relevant recommendations With the acceleration of new energy automobile commercialization, the annual production and sales of new energy vehicles in China will reach millions of grades, and new energy vehicle power lithium battery annual report will continue to innovate, and it is expected that more than 2020 will be super 100GWH, this will bring huge stress and test to the domestic ecological environment.

Although the dynamic lithium battery recycling series has been introduced, the traditional car recycling and remanufacturing lasting chaos, the new feature of new energy vehicles and dynamic lithium battery recycling industries, challenging the future health development of the industry, in order to meet challenges I would like to propose the following recommendations: 1. Establish a traceable, monitorable waste power lithium battery recovery system, focus on the production, circulation, recycling of power lithium batteries, and prevent the scrap and recycling of non-regular channels. 2, actively explore the ladder utilization technology of the power lithium battery, with the principle of safe and high efficiency and low cost, to take different tradder-use restructuring strategies for different models.

3. Improve the power lithium battery dismantling recovery technology, differentiated dismantling recovery of different technology routes, improve the recovery rate of noble metal elements such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium. 4, highly attach great importance to the "fraud" phenomenon of new energy vehicles and power lithium batteries, and do preventive measures in advance.

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