Analysis of the Recycling and Energy Storage Commercial Model of Power Lithium Battery

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

In August, the driving lithium battery industry was boiling in January. After the three national standards of the dynamic lithium battery were announced, they set off a warm discussion in the industry. Three dynamic lithium battery national standards initially standardize the size, recycling of the dynamic lithium battery and the number of methods, and the dynamic lithium battery ladder use is an important driving force for the development of the energy storage industry.

The new standard is definitely good. , When the energy storage industry is going to go to the door, it is even more to make the energy storage spring breeze. Since last year, the energy storage trend has been optimistic, whether it is market size, or the product about energy ecotropic circles, the industry has given a very clear affirmation.

However, the development of the industry is definitely the process of going forward, and the author has related discussion on the current development status of the domestic energy storage industry. The standard framework is large, and the introduction and refinement of the national policy is not allowed. It is necessary to make a segmentation specification according to the market environment and technical stage in the big direction.

The three standards of the above-mentioned power lithium batteries, existing standards are refined to size, use materials, residual detection, standards are the first step in power lithium battery standardization production and recycling strategy, fundamentally on dynamic lithium battery size specifications The labeling is carried out, but from the perspective of the ladder, the existing standard is not enough, and the following figure shows the six information preceding information for the dynamic lithium battery ladder. We understand that a battery pack is made in parallel by multiple batches, then what kind of battery cell can be used in the same battery package? The following table shows how the power lithium battery of different capacity conditions can be applied under the current phase technical means. However, some questions should be indicated: the capacity here refers to the capacity after the power lithium battery is eliminated from the electric vehicle, and this indicator will detect when the power lithium battery is recovered.

This indicator should compare the initial capacity of the battery. At present, the SOC (charge state) is higher than 80%, which can be continued to be used on electric cars, SOC is less than 80% higher than 60%, can be detected After being used by the ladder, it is directly disassembled by less than 60%. Different capacity power lithium batteries can be connected in parallel, but under the premise of the same energy density, the energy density here refers to the energy density of the new battery, that is, the energy density of the battery when the battery is in the 100% charge state, in other words This requires that the model of the battery is basically unified.

Even if the initial energy density is too far away, even if the energy density is happening like the ladder is used, it cannot be used in parallel. Can you use the above standard to use it? The answer is: no. The process and material of the electrical cells produced by each manufacturer will not be exactly the same (as shown below), so that even if the capacity of the battery is the same, the discharge curve will also differ, and it is forcibly composed of Cellunbalance, for a long time.

Battery life will decrease. Further, when the power lithium battery is used in the storage device, the BMS will first detect the battery cell that first reaches the discharge critical point in the battery pack. At this time, the entire energy storage system will stop, but in fact there is still a lot.

The discharge of a battery does not reach the BMS setting critical point, but also continues to discharge, which is forced to stop, resulting in energy loss while reducing the efficiency of energy storage equipment. Therefore, this indicator of charge and discharge rate is also very important. (The influencing factors of the discharge curve of the cells not only include the charge and discharge rate, but also the process and materials mentioned above, but the charge and discharge rate has the greatest effect.

Therefore, two detection, ie charge state calculations and charge and discharge ratios should also be added after the standard process launched. It is understood that the ladder recycling of the power lithium battery is used to meet at least the following conditions in one energy storage device: the same electrode material is similar to the same electrode material, and the energy density is similar to the same charge and discharge ratio. We say "similar" means, This indicator may not be strict, but it is necessary to specify within a certain range.

Suitable scope is further technological. The power lithium battery is charged at electric vehicles, and it is charged at the energy storage equipment, and the energy storage equipment is basically cycled at least once. This has a higher demand for the resistance of the battery, but it is only desired.

At the same time, the above four indicators are met, and it seems to be more difficult. Moreover, the driving conditions of each vehicle are different, resulting in the capacity, internal resistance, etc. of the battery that cannot be consistent, and the number of energy storage systems and automobile power system is not a quantity level, and the screening work is heavy.

Different battery manufacturers have different batteries, and there is also a difference after the same battery is used in different cars. On this basis, the author believes that the important solution is the group string distribution, only in series is not connected, if the battery on a car is retracted, the capacity of the battery is still good, and it is dismantled in a car. A set of retired power lithium batteries as a basic energy storage unit battery pack, and then equipped with a medium-small power PCS, coupled with a suitable monitoring unit constitutes a basic energy storage unit, and then together, constitute a power Medium-large-scale energy storage power system.

The group string distributed requires unified recycling of the retired battery of the same vehicle factory, so for easy recycling, the ladder utilization rate of the power lithium battery is improved, and the road problem of the recycling of lithium battery is first. According to the national call of the lithium-ion battery "Who is sold, who is reclaimed", as shown above, recycling the battery by the battery factory and the vehicle factory is a method currently the most likely, but this recycling route has many limitations. And possibilities, the following will be concrete: the power lithium battery of electric cars should be large or heavy, and the retired power lithium battery should be "return to the ancestral home" is more difficult to achieve.

In the process of recycling, a large amount of human financial resources should be expected. Therefore, the retiring battery ladder is consumed on site - currently, more and more companies that recover lithium-ion batteries appear, battery factory or vehicle factory can cooperate with such manufacturers to extrapolation of powered lithium battery recycling business to this class Vendor, designated brand 4S shop will send the power lithium battery recovered from the owner to the local battery recycling factory, perform related recovery testing processes, SOC (charge state) higher than 60% of the sale to local energy storage company Utilization, decomposition and reuse of less than 60%. The battery can be sold to local energy storage vendors or low-speed electric vehicle manufacturers through the ladder.

In fact, the policy called "who sells, who is reclaim", requires the company to do that the important link in the industrial chain should actively join the layout of the battery recycling, and take responsibility for recycling. For the current market situation, it is not a complete industrial chain, there is a complete self-recovery ability and re-use (secondary sales) layout, no lading or incomplete company can use the above outsourcing strategy, one guarantee In the battery recovery link, the second can be profitable through selling retired electric batteries. At present, this model has existed.

Many battery recycling plants are even actively looking for a battery factory or vehicle factory for cooperation, and is scheduled to recycle. The influence of the ladder use of the future dynamic lithium battery is not only spread to the energy storage industry, and the opportunity always favors people with vision!.