A large number of electric car power lithium batteries face the 'retired' waste power lithium battery?

　　Author ：Iflowpower – Portable Power Station Supplier

On November 26, 2013, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, and the four ministries and commissions organized experts to review the new energy automotive promotion application methods for each place conducted an audit assessment, confirming 28 cities or Region is the first new energy vehicle to promote application cities. According to the cycle of the power lithium battery capacity attenuation, the city or region of the first new energy vehicle promotion application will have a large number of electric vehicle power lithium batteries "retired", and the dynamic lithium battery recycling will encounter the window period. I.

After the potential dangerous power battery of the abandoned dynamic lithium battery is retired, it will threaten public safety without proper disposal and valuable utilization, which will threaten public safety, causing difficult environmental pollution, and wasting valuable price metal resources. From the safety level, there is a certain safety hazard in improper disposal of waste power storage batteries. One is the hidden danger of electric shock.

The power battery of the new energy vehicle is high, and the personnel have exposed to electric shock in the absence of protective measures. Second, the burning hidden danger. When the battery occurs internally or external to short-circuit, the positive and negative poles will cause high heat, causing positive and negative combustion.

Third, corrosion hidden dangers. The electrolyte is an organic volatile liquid, and the moisture reaction in the air has a white corrosive and irritating hydrogen fluoride smoke. From the environmental level, the waste power battery has a threat to the ecological environment and personal health.

First, heavy metal pollution. Battery positive electrode material containing heavy metals, cobalt, etc., without professional recovery treatment, heavy metal pollution.

Second, electrolyte pollution. Electrolyte solute LiPF6 is toxic substance and is extraction, which can cause fluorofluid, solvent can cause water pollution. From the perspective of the resource level, nickel-hydrogen, lithium-ion power storage battery contains lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, and rare earth, etc.

With the continuous increase in the accumulated amount of the power battery, these resources in the battery will directly cause great waste of resources. Second, where can I apply? At present, there are two ways to recycle waste dynamic lithium battery recycling: the first road is raw material recycling. From a technical point of view, the current recycling technology of the current waste power lithium battery is quite mature: first discharge, then disassemble the battery, separating the respective components of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and diaphragm.

The electrode material is leached, the acid is immersed, and the extraction is performed to achieve the enrichment of the viable metal, and the recovery rate of the element is close to 100%. The second road is the use of waste batteries. The waste battery capacity is attenuated, but there is still a certain energy storage capacity, the life cycle has not ended, and it can also be applied to the energy storage market, light electric vehicle, spare battery, etc.

At present, many foreign car companies and institutions are exploring, such as alternate power supplies them as home or commercial buildings. That is to use the solar charging during the day, take advantage of the trough electricity price to charge the electricity in the battery during the battery or emergency. The general car has such a practice, manufacturing a home spare power supply with 5 sets of Chevrolet Volt, filled with 3-5 US ordinary families for 2 hours after power failure.

Previous TSLA has also been explored by waste batteries, but this model has some applicable scenes about the unique houses in the United States. Regarding the people living in the city, there are not many applications, so there are some commercial institutions that focus on waste batteries. As a storage platform, they collect their electricity networks in their own grids.

Third, the domestic waste power power recovery is to promote the recycling of waste batteries. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the "Interim Provisions on the Management of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling" in July 2018, and officially implemented on August 1. The important content of "traceable management" is to standardize the production, sales, scrap, recycling, and utilization of power lithium batteries, and implement monitoring of the subject's performance of each link.

In recent years, including car companies, power lithium batteries, materials companies, and third-party companies have actively constructed new energy vehicles with new energy vehicles with their own sectors, explore the industrial advanced related experience of the powerful lithium battery recycling, promote The development of technology and technology, constructing effective sustainable business model. 1. Northern Automobile New Energy "Optimus Program" combined with the power storage mode as a light storage power station When the capacity of the battery is less than 70% of the rated capacity, it is no longer suitable for new energy vehicles, but the internal chemical composition of the battery and No change, and also store part of the power.

Then use these batteries as a battery battery. Very nice. At present, the power-saving station uses the intelligent microgban system of "electriforation + energy storage + photovoltaic", and the energy storage device recovered by the retired battery, using photovoltaic power generation, national power network peak Garuzi to power the vehicle.

The advantage of this layout is important in the car, electrical separation, and can be maintained, medical examination, recycling, reuse, and update, anytime, anywhere, can be maintained, medical examination, recycling, reuse, and update, anytime, anywhere. According to the "Optimus Program" program of Beiqi new energy, it will invest 10 billion yuan in RMB 2022, built 3000 light storage power storage, and the ladder energy storage battery exceeds 5GWH, which is equivalent to 15,000 electric vehicles. Battery quantity.

2, BYD independently built battery recycling, BYD is the only company in all new energy passenger car companies, and the recycling and utilization is basically a hand-held hand. Its battery recycling channel is important to authorize the dealer. When there is customer request or scrapped vehicle to replace the power lithium battery, the dealer will take the power lithium battery from the body, transported to the BYD battery factory for preliminary testing.

If the recycled battery can continue to be utilized, then after the next detection repair, continue to apply in the field of home energy storage or base station alternate power supply in the future. If the battery is no longer reused, transport it to the relevant departments of the BYD battery material factory for disassembly recycling. Relatively speaking, BYD has the most complete battery recovery chain in new energy car companies in China.

3, car enterprises and my country Tower Oriented Alliance Recycling Currently, the largest power lithium battery recycling and use cooperation in China is 16 companies and my country Tower. In January 2018, 16 vehicles such as Chang'an and Yinlong's new energy and battery companies and powered lithium battery recycling were reached. my country Tower has begun to build a retired battery ladder in 2015, covering a variety of use conditions such as backup, peak-filled valley, microgrid.

The retired dynamic lithium battery has a large prospect of the trail of the communication base station. my country's tower demand for energy storage batteries is about 146GWh, storage station replacement and new storage power storage a total of approximately 25GWH, only from quantity, as long as Tower Communication Base Can battery replacement and new station all use the dynamic lithium battery using the ladder, you can absorb more than 80% of the waste power lithium battery in 2020. 4, TSLA and other foreign reference cases and domestic battery recycling projects, most of them are dominated by the vehicle factory, focusing on small and medium-sized family reservoirs, industrial energy storage or small web fields.

For example, Nissan Motors and Sumitomo joint ventures in 2010, 4Renergy energy companies, regular batteries of Nissan Hearing the wind electric vehicle, implement closed-in-use, develop home and commercial energy storage products. Other similar projects also include: 2017 Mercedes and recycling company, using SMART's retired battery ladder to utilize the field of grid service storage facilities. Bosch Group, BMW and Wartford have built a large photovoltaic power storage system in Berlin in 2015.

General Companies and ABB cooperates will use the retired Chevrolet battery steps to make families and small commercial spare power supplies, as well as peaks in renewable energy power generation, etc. The way TSLA is different. From the perspective of establishing battery recovery companies from its executives, TSLA is more inclined to use direct disassembly recycled raw materials for retired dynamic lithium batteries.

Tsla itself has energy storage product services, using the new production of the super battery factory (GigaFactory). TSLA also has a planning and equipment production line for battery dismantling, a new battery recovery project exists independently of TSLA brand, in addition to supplementing the TSLA business, does not exclude the possibility of dismantling the recycling battery to the whole industry later. Although the domestic power lithium battery recycling industry is in the ascendant, it is necessary to face it.

The power lithium battery circular recycling industry still faces a series of commercial problems such as key common technologies such as recycling network, recycling circulation, and commercial model innovation, the overall industry is still in Initial development stage. I believe that with the gradual improvement of policies and systems, the recycling of used batteries is definitely very large prospects.