Lithium-ion battery charging method for energy storage

Umbhali :Iflowpower-UMboneleli weSikhululo saMandla esiphathwayo

Xa kuthelekiswa ne technologies endala ezifana nickel-isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, Lithium-ion chemistry nobugcisa buphucuka kakhulu lexinene amandla izixhobo eziphathekayo, kwaye ulandela ixesha nokusebenza eqhelekileyo kwezi nkqubo xa womserbia elilodwa. I self-obhobhozayo lomba ibhetri lwe Lithium-ion isiqingatha nickel-isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe ne-nickel hydrides otyhidiweyo, esiza ithuba lokugcinwa, ivumela izixhobo kwisimangalo, ukuze abathengi akunyanzelekanga ukuba bathenge ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise. Engxakini ion lithium sinzima ngaphezu iteknoloji ubudala ngaphezu chemistry ekuqaleni.

Noko ke, ulawulo balumke ingasetyenziswa ukwandisa unikezelo amandla ion Lithium, hayi nje unikeze amava ongcono, kodwa likuvumela ukuba unciphise kuyilo wakho ukuba usebenzise iibhetri ezincinane. Ekubeni ibhetri ebangela umlinganiselo ebalulekileyo kubungakanani ubunzima isixhobo wearable, iyothusa ngokuthi itshintsha i circuit kwenye circuit Ukuvuya womserbia. Ingxaki ephambili iibhetri lwe Lithium-ion kungenxa yokuba ethe kakhulu womserbia ngokugqithiseleyo, ngokuba ombane aphezulu kakhulu kunokubangela uxinezeleko eziphathekayo, kunciphisa ubomi bebhetri.

Ukuba intlawulo lingaphaya lombane 4.2V ibhetri nganye, baya kuzisa iingozi zokhuseleko. Low-iindleko zibiza iziphaluka zinakho ngokungaphaya, ngokuba ibhetri akuthethi ukufikelela kumda elililo.

Basebenzisa-ekuthiwa ezibiza kunye nezicwangciso esebenzayo, esi sicwangciso esinokusibambisa ukuba ikhangeleka ngokukhawuleza. Esi sicwangciso usebenzisa iimpawu kwigophe Lithium ion yokutshaja, nabanako ukwahlulelana ngezigaba ezine eziphambili. Inqanaba lokuqala isebenzisa ngoku rhoqo unikezele ibhetri.

Xa ibhetri, ombane zayo ngaphezulu okanye yomgama ngaphantsi. Le ombane ke atshabalalisa kwi endhawini kwincopho, ngelo xesha kwitshaja vimba. Kodwa ke, malunga nama-85% kuphela ophethe ngeli xesha, nto leyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa ukuba ephantsi theory.

Ukongeza, ngenxa yezizathu zokhuseleko, i-ombane umda uqobo ebekwe ngezantsi ombane eliphezulu, ngakumbi kunciphisa intlawulo ubuninzi isicelo ibhetri. Le ombane umda yi 3.8V kunokuba kokukhulu eqhelekileyo ye-4.

2V, njalo-60% besikhundla ibhetri iyafumaneka. Ezinye kokuxhuzulwa lwenziwa ngexesha Ukwanda okanye kwisigaba ombane rhoqo. Nangona kwitshaja ngesantya ukunciphisa ixesha ofunekayo ukufikelela kwisigaba Ukwanda ngokudibanisa akuba ngoku, oku kunegalelo nokokunweba kwisigaba Ukwanda, ngononophelo kwaye ulawula ngokuchanileyo Ukwanda iqonga ukuze silumkele ntshikilelo.

Umzobo 1: Ukutshaja ibakala iibhetri Lithium ion, kuquka amaqonga ulungiso thermal phantsi kweemeko aphezulu obushushu. Kunzima ukuvavanya ibhetri ngokupheleleyo ziyaphuphuma, ngoko kwexesha okanye kwinqanaba langoku isetyenziswa njenge proxy ukubonisa ukuba ibhetri iye kufutshane womserbia epheleleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, abize Ukwanda imalunga iiyure ezimbini, ngaloo ndlela ukunika iseti elifanelekileyo ixesha.

Ngexesha Ukwanda abize, isalathiso yangoku enqaba. Xa sifika yangoku malunga ne-3% yenqanaba esetyenziswa kwisigaba sokuqala, ibhetri abajongwa kuhlawulwa ngokupheleleyo yaye inkqubo vimba. Le ombane kusetyenziswa ngexesha womserbia ifumile hlengiswe ukuya ekhulwini elinye okanye ngcono.

Iziphaluka owenza ityala ifumile Ungasebenzisa uvavanyo ngoku kwaye cinezela ukulawula iinkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amandla uya kunqunyulwa emva kwexesha, yaye inokuqokelelana metal lithium, ebangela umlilo. Lobushushu kwakhona luncedo kulawulo Ukuvuya womserbia. Inxaxheba kwinqanaba lokuqala, kwa oku komelela lwangaphakathi liphantsi kakhulu, hayi ibhetri uya tapered.

Xa engena kwisigaba Ukwanda, ibhetri uya kuba ukufudumala. Ngoko ke, lo woluvo ubushushu kunxulumene ekuqinisekiseni ukuba shushu ngokugqithisileyo kwaye ibhetri iya kuba umngcipheko ekhuselekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. abavelisi Battery iza kubonelela umda ubushushu ekhuselekileyo ukwenzela iimveliso zabo, yaye olu hlobo kubonelela thermistors ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kunye ADCs okanye iziphaluka comparator kwisekethe itshaja kwi pack bebhetri.

Inkqubo ehlaselayo eza kuhlawulwa phambi ngokuncipha ubunzulu. Oku kusebenzisa kancane, bamthethela ukuphinda ibhetri emiselwe - kuvavanywa ombane labo liya kuba ngaphantsi kwe 3V. Yakuba inkqubo kuthotha ikhutshwa kunye isigxina ezaneleyo, le ombane ivuke 3V okanye ngaphezulu kwaye kuqala inkqubo isigaba yokutshaja yesiqhelo ingahoywa ngaphezu.

I-Linglurt ye-LTC4065 itshaja ye-IC isebenzisa iphakheji encinci ye-DFN enikezela indlela yokucwangcisa i-loops yempendulo ukuxhasa iindlela zokutshaja ezahlukeneyo ezifunekayo kwiibhetri ze-lithium ion. Isixhobo sixhasa iindlela zokutshaja rhoqo zangoku kunye nezingatshintshiyo zombane, kunye neqondo lobushushu elingaguqukiyo ukuvumela ukutshaja okusebenzayo kufutshane nebhetri. Ukuze kuxhaswe ukutshaja kobushushu obuphezulu, i-LTC4065 inomda wesiphaluka somda wobushushu.

Oku kunokuseta umjelo wokutshaja ngokuhambelana neqondo lokushisa eliqhelekileyo (kunokuba libi kakhulu), kwaye uqinisekise ukuba itshaja iyancitshiswa ngokuzenzekelayo kwimeko embi kakhulu. Kwi-LTC4065, ii-loops ezintathu ze-amplifiers zilawula umbane oqhubekayo, umbane oqhubekayo, kunye nemo yokushisa eqhubekayo. I-loop yesine yempendulo ye-amplifier isetyenziselwa ukongeza i-impedance yemveliso yesibini somthombo wangoku ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-drain yangoku enye iphindwe kaliwaka le-drain yesibini yangoku.

I-loop yempendulo eyahlukileyo yokusebenza kwangoku kunye nokusebenza rhoqo kwamandla ombane kunyanzela itshaja ngokusekelwe kuyo nayiphi na imodeli ezama ukunciphisa umsinga wokutshaja. Enye imveliso ye-amplifier igcwele, ephelisa ngokufanelekileyo i-loop yayo kwinkqubo. Xa ikwimo eqhubekayo yangoku, iqhutywa ngokuchanekileyo kwi-1v.

Iprog pin yokucwangcisa okwangoku ngokusebenzisa ipesenti yokunyamezela ukunyamezela (rPROG). Xa imowudi ye-voltage eqhubekayo ithandwa, i-voltage loop eqhubekayo iqhuba igalelo layo eliguquliweyo kwi-voltage yereferensi yangaphakathi. Isahluli sangaphakathi se-resistor siqinisekisa ukuba umbane webhetri uhlala kwi-4.

I-2V.I-voltage ye-pin yeProg ingabonisa kwakhona umbane wokutshaja kwimodi yombane rhoqo. Kumsebenzi oqhelekileyo, ixesha lokutshaja liqala ngemo eqhubekayo-yangoku - ikhoyo ngoku ehanjiswa kwibhetri ilingana ne-1000V / rProg.

Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwe-LTC4065 kusondele kwi-115°C, iamplifier yobushushu bomda iya kuqalisa ukuthoba umrhumo wokutshaja, ukunciphisa ubushushu be-chip malunga ne-115.°C. Emva kokuba imodi yokunciphisa iqondo lokushisa iphumile, i-LTC 4065 iya kubuya imodi eqhubekayo yangoku okanye ifake imodi yombane rhoqo ukusuka kwimodi yokushisa eqhubekayo. Ingaba imowudi, i-voltage ye-PIN ye-PROG ilingana nekhoyo ngoku enikezelwe kwibhetri.

I-internal press-of-time circuitry kunye nolawulo lokutshaja oluphucukileyo luye lwaphucula imisebenzi efunekayo yokulawula ibhetri ye-lithium-ion esebenzayo. Isixhobo sinika i-0.6% yokuchaneka kwamandla ombane adadayo, kuphela amacandelo amabini angaphandle.

Xa amandla okufakwayo esusiwe, i-LTC4065 ingena ngokuzenzekelayo kwimeko ephantsi yangoku kwaye ukuvuza kwebhetri kuthotywe kwi-1.μA ngezantsi. Emva kokusetyenziswa kombane, i-LTC4065 inokungena kwimodi yokuvala kwaye ilahle umbane kwi-20.

μA ngezantsi. Umzobo 2: Itshati yemo yokutshaja yemo yokutshaja i-LTC4065 isigqibo esifana nesi. Ngokufana ne-LTC4065, i-MaximIntegrated MAX1551 nayo inemisebenzi yokunciphisa i-thermal, ukutshaja ngokufanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuthintelwa ngokushushu yeyona meko imbi kakhulu yebhetri kunye nombane wokufaka.

Xa umda wokushisa ufikeleleke, i-MAX 15551 kunye ne-MAX 1555 ayiyi kumisa ngokupheleleyo ukutshaja, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe iyanciphisa umbane wokutshaja, onceda ukugcina umsebenzi xa upholisa kwinkqubo. Iphakheji ye-SOT23 isetyenzisiweyo, efana ne-MAX1551 kunye ne-MAX 1555, i-MCP73811 ephuhliswe yi-Microchiptechnology ibonelelwa ngoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kunye nokutshaja rhoqo kwangoku, le yokugqibela icwangciswe kuphela kukuchasana kwangaphandle, kwaye ixhotyiswe ngomda wokulawula ukushisa kweqondo lokushisa. ukutshaja. Uluhlu lwe-BQ2409X lwe-Texas Instruments (TI) sisixhobo sokushaja esidityanisiweyo kakhulu, sijongene nokusetyenziswa okuphathekayo okujoliswe kwindawo.

Ezi ICs ziyilelwe amandla ezibuko le-USB okanye azinakuhlengahlengiswa iiadaptha ze-AC ezinoluhlu oluphezulu lwegalelo lamandla ombane kunye nokhuseleko lwe-overvoltage yegalelo. I-BQ2904X yenza uhlengahlengiso, ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokutshaja kombane rhoqo. Kuzo zonke izigaba zokutshaja, i-loop yolawulo lwangaphakathi ihlola ubushushu be-IC junction kunye nombane ophantsi wokutshaja xa udlula iqondo lokushisa langaphakathi.

Nangona udibaniso lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ukuhlawulisa ubuchule buvumela ukwakha iinkqubo eziphathekayo kunye nezinxitywayo ukwenza ulwakhiwo oluphathekayo kunye neenkqubo ezinxitywayo zenze ixesha elide, umsebenzi omde kakhulu unikezelwa, kwaye ubungakanani bebhetri bunokuncipha. Olona rhwebo lulungileyo phakathi kokuncinci ukuya kobunzima kunye nobomi. .