Power lithium-ion battery recycling puzzle

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Soláthraí Stáisiún Cumhachta Inaistrithe

"이 배터리가 어디로 가는지 모르겠어요. 호커가 수거하는데, 누가 비싼 값을 치르겠어요? "최근 산둥성 웨이팡시 웨이팡시의 저속전기차 유통매장에서 사장님이 이렇게 말씀하셨어요. In the face of a large amount of abandoned dynamic lithium-ion batteries, it is not just a general person, even if the industry's old rivers and lakes can't answer it.

Weifang City is my country's first large low-speed electric vehicle centralized, which has made Shandong Province have become the country's largest low-speed electric vehicle processing in the country. This store is only the size of Weifang City, and many low-speed electric vehicles that have different brands. One of the stores in the store, the vehicles sold in the store use lead-acid batteries.

According to the related experience of the waste battery, the boss said that consumers can also come to the store to repair the store repair shop, or the pen is sold to the hawker, but as for the battery direction, it is not known. "오래된 배터리는 100위안 정도예요. 그것이 낭비의 원인이 될지 여부는,

"그 사람이 말했다. Just as Jinbao Street, which is not far from Minsheng Street, there is a recycling outlet that is connected to the manufacturers - Weifang New Energy Automobile Service Center, is responsible for Chery, than German, Le Ding three new energy mutual after-sales service, Including maintenance, battery recovery, etc. "배터리가 고장났거나 수명이 다했다면, 주인이 여기로 오거나, 우리에게 전화해서 오래된 배터리를 집까지 운반해 갈 수도 있고, 우리가 폐배터리를 제조업체로 보내줄 거예요.

"웨이팡 신에너지 자동차 서비스 센터의 한 관계자는 기자들에게 이렇게 말했다. According to the person in charge, in terms of battery recycling, they are the first-class outlets of Weifang's brands. 웨이팡은 또한 더 작은 2차 전지 회수 지점을 설정합니다.

이러한 사이트에서는 재활용된 배터리를 1차 매장으로 반환한 후 1차 매장을 통해 다시 제조업체로 보냅니다. 재활용 매장 수리점에 들어가서 테이블 아래에 "천능", "슈퍼웨이" 상자라는 라벨을 몇 개 붙였습니다. "재활용 배터리가 엉성한 게 아니고, 새 배터리를 보낼 때 상자도 같이 보내는데, 그건 잘못된 거예요.

"In fact, not only" Tianneng "," Super Wei "two companies, currently dynamic lithium-ion battery companies Ningde Times, Sandton, etc., all cities in the country are slowly establishing a powerful lithium-ion battery recycling network. "웨이팡은 이 나라에서 가장 공식적인 장소가 되어야 합니다.

"The local electric motor company told reporters. However, the gradually improved recovery system is not completely blocked by the dynamic lithium-ion battery to flow to the small workshop, but to form a dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery system in the country. "The lead-acid battery market is increasing, most waste batteries have flowed into individual merchants.

"서로를 아는 사람들이 지적했다. In the category of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery, it is not only trapped in technology development issues, but also the company reflects the "one single loss", and the development is in a vicious circle. 300,000 tons of lead-acid batteries each year illegally dumped "More than half of the lead-acid battery per year to the hawker.

"In an interview with reporters, the Secretary-General of my country's Lithium New Energy Industry International Summit Forum Organizing Committee said that. As the largest lead-acid battery processor, Zhang Tian, ​​Chairman of Tianneng Group, is a recycling of batteries, and I feel very headache for this problem. "In my country's 3.

3 million tons of waste battery, the proportion of regular recovery is less than 30%. “올해 장톈스는 기자와의 인터뷰에서 이렇게 말했습니다. As a representative of the National People's Congress, Zhang Tian has continued for many years, during the two sessions, the chaos in the recycling of powerful lithium-ion battery during the two sessions, and proposed to enhance the lead-acid battery recovery supervision motion.

So, the remaining 70% - Where is the lead-acid battery outside these free in a regular recovery system? "Most lead-acid batteries have flowed into the hands of the pedestrian walking street. Their solution is relatively simple, the pen is straight, only the most valuable lead plate, then sell the lead plate to illegal Disposal company. "유칭이 기자들에게 말했다.

이런 유형의 회수는 납 자원의 낭비를 초래할 뿐만 아니라 세금 손실도 발생하며 환경에 미치는 영향도 막대합니다. 유명해지고 싶지 않은 웨이팡의 한 지역 주민은 기자들에게 일부 지역의 불법 소규모 작업장에서는 이 납괴를 야외 용광로에 던지기도 하는데, 태우면 사방에 떨어진다고 말했습니다. "I didn't dare to solve it in this past few years, but the secret is still a lot.

"" The "three no 'smelting company is low, generally only 80% to 85%, the highest is not more than 90%, leading to about 160,000 tons of lead every year in the illegal smelting process, my country's annual tax is therefore lost Nearly 15 billion yuan. 장톈이 말했다. 규제가 없으면 대량의 납이 대기, 물, 토양 자원으로 유출됩니다.

"The amount of abolition of waste battery is rising year by year.". "According to Zhang Tianshi, the information submitted in the" two sessions "motion this year, as of 2015, my country's lead-acid battery production reached 22.

4 billion kVah, and the waste battery extent was also as high as 3.3 million tons. According to the "13th Five-Year Plan" plan for the battery, my country's battery production will reach 350 million kVah in the past five years.

So why there is a formal channel, but the small workshop can still be defeated in a regular recycling system? What is the attractiveness of the small workshop? "When I acquired abandoned batteries, we generally have to buy old batteries when they are replaced. When we get old batteries, we have no tax tickets, but it is necessary to pay value-added tax when making products. There are 20% of the big profit between buy and sell, and pure profit is basically taxed! "A battery recycling company is said to reporters.

The so-called taxation refers to the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation, in the "Notice on the Collection of Coating and Consumption Tax" on January 26, 2015: "Since February 1, 2015, Will collect consumption taxes for all kinds of batteries (some batteries are exempted), in processing, commissioned and imported links, the applicable tax rate is 4%. "Among them, the battery has received consumption tax from January 1, 2016. In his opinion, it is because there is no tax, there is no environmental protection and other processing facilities.

Those "small workshops" often can attract waste batteries at a higher acquisition price. "대기업(일반기업)은 규모가 클수록 수익성이 없고, 소규모 작업장은 오히려 잘 버텨냅니다. "From now on, the recycling rate of lead-acid batteries is relatively high, because the regular manufacturers will be better, but other lithium-ion batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, because there is a technical difficulty, and the recovery price will be relatively low.

Zhang Tianshi also repeatedly mentioned that there was a unreasonable place in battery consumption tax, and revealed that "the backfall production of illegal recycling" is no help to effectively handle environmental pollution in existing battery industries; The battery also levies the consumption tax and environmental protection tax, which does not meet the national taxation fair principles, which also caused repetition. "He proposed to exempt or differentiate to levy battery consumption tax. "After the 2011 National Nine Committee jointly rectified the lead-acid battery industry, the large lead-acid battery company has enhanced the environmental protection of the processing link.

하지만 배터리 회수 링크에 대한 법률 및 감독이 상대적으로 부족하여 납산 배터리가 소규모 작업장으로 유입되는 것을 막을 수 없습니다. "청나라 때. In the year, my country has set off a nationalized rectification of the national lead-acid battery industry.

Since then, the original more than 4,000 lead-acid battery processing companies, the final reserved less than 100. "With the increase of electric vehicles, the rectification of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery link has been imminent. "업계 관계자는 지적했다.

The "Ice and Fire" recovered in the battery is as mentioned above. If we say that the lead-acid battery flows to the small workshop, then the lithium-ion battery that is about to usher in the peak of the scrapped peak is also difficult to escape, and the situation is even worse. 전기 자동차는 5~7년 안에 폐차될 것으로 알려졌으며, 2018년부터 대량 폐차가 시작될 것으로 예상됩니다.

According to the forecast of my country's Automobile Technology Research Center, in 2020, my country's accumulated scrap dynamic lithium-ion battery will reach 120,000 to 200,000 tons. The construction of recovery markets created by metal from cobalt, nickel, manganese, lithium, iron and aluminum, and aluminum, etc., in the industry, will exceed 5.

3 billion yuan in 2018. More than 10 billion yuan in 2020, 2023 waste The power lithium-ion battery market will reach 25 billion yuan. At present, BYD, Beiqi New Energy, Chery and other new energy auto processing companies, Ningde Times, Bike Battery, Greenmeal, Sandton New Energy and other dynamic lithium battery processors and Tianneng, Chaowei and other lead-acid battery processing companies, also I have already laid out in the battery recycling.

Hunan Sandton New Energy Co., Ltd. is analyzed by a reporter that there are three current recycling channels, including the national sanitation outlets, community street layout recycling systems, online back-offline renewable resource channels, and 4S store online network platform.

In the category of the battery, BYD has developed to a set of self-recovery systems. "We use the BYD 4S shop to temporarily, temporarily collect it, then collect it to the BYD recovery point; we will pay it into big customers in the taxi industry, including specialized aggregation points such as maintenance, maintenance, and the gathering point There is a duties of battery staging; in the end we will resolve different batteries to the corresponding plant. “BYD 관계자가 경제관찰 기자에게 전한 말입니다.

But in this category, there is still lack of mandatory binding, and it is necessary to drive from the company. At present, in the recovery of electric vehicle power storage, it is necessary to use the processor's responsibility extension system, electric automotive processing company, power battery processing company and step-by-battery processing company, should bear the important responsibility of the driving battery recycling and utilization of each processing, scrapped Car recycling dismantling company should be responsible for recovering the power battery on the scrapped car. However, there is no comparative operation of the recycling powerful and lithium-ion battery, the country does not have to be recycled, the main factory, the battery factory, and the dismantling plant have not found appropriate operation mode.

"In actual recycling business, different manufacturers' dynamic lithium-ion battery structure is different, and the material system is different, which makes the recycling difficulty and increased recovery costs. Although it can be solved using a comprehensive recycling method, this way is difficult to recycle. Do a good job in the recycling of the dynamic lithium-ion battery, but also to make a unified standard system, unify the power lithium-ion battery standards; and increase the basic technique of investing in the category of lithium-ion battery recovery.

". "The government has passed the corresponding financial subsidies to promote the corresponding local companies in the demonstration city to do battery recycling. 모델 효과의 설계가 형성되면 자연스럽게 시장이 선택됩니다.

"위에서 언급한 BYD 담당자는 현재로서는 이것이 더 실용적이라고 생각합니다. But in the picture, the way of financial subsidies is no continued, and the regular company receives more waste batteries through tax regulation. Zhang Tian also proposed that the government should develop and implement the powerful lithium-ion battery recovery reward and punishment measures.

For example, a penalty for companies that have not fulfilled the responsibility obligations of the recycling policy shall subsidize the battery recycling company and battery reuse companies according to the number of batteries, capacity, etc., and implement tax benefits.