What are the solar cell photovoltaic materials?

Автор: Iflowpower – Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

Material Note: Solar Power As the "leader" in the field of clean energy, currently pays attention to industry attention. If you are interested in this, let us take you to understand the composition of solar cells and related photovoltaic materials. Solar power generation units are often referred to as solar cells, which can directly convert sunlight into electrical energy.

In the solar panel, the photons released by the sun make the outer electron of the semiconductor material from the bond. When the electron is forced to move in the same direction, a current can be generated, and power is supplied to the electronic device or transmitted to the grid. Since French physicist Alexandre-Edmondbequeerel In 1839, photovoltaic power generation has always been one of the themes in scientific research fields.

At present, with the US, Japan and Europe's major research teams accelerate the industrialization of their respective solar systems, the photovoltaic industry international market continues to expand. The photovoltaic module is different from the composition of the photovoltaic power generation system, but all components include several layers from the light surface to the backlight surface. The sun lights first pass through the protective layer (usually glass), then enters the interior of the battery through the transparent contact layer.

In the center of the component, the adsorption material, this layer of material absorbs photons, thereby completing "light current". And the semiconductor material depends on the specific photovoltaic system requirements. Under the adsorption layer material is the back metal layer for completing the circuit conduction.

The composite film layer is under the back metal layer, and its effect is to prevent the photovoltaic module. Usually the back of the photovoltaic module adds additional protective layer, the protective layer material is glass, aluminum alloy or plastic. The semiconductor material in the photovoltaic power generation system of the semiconductor material can be silicon, polycrystalline film or single crystal film.

Silicon materials include single crystal silicon, polysilicon and amorphous silicon. Single crystal silicon has a regular structure, which is higher than the polysilicon photoelectric conversion rate. The silicon atom in amorphous silicon is randomly distributed, and its photoelectric conversion is also lower than single crystal silicon, but it can capture more photons than crystalline silicon while adding germanium or carbon in amorphous silicon.

Alloying can enhance its characteristics. Copper IndiUMDILELENIDE, CIS, cadmium telluride (CadmiumTelluride, CDTE) and film silicon are commonly used polycrystalline film materials, while highlights of photoelectric conversion rates such as gallium gallium gallium, gallium, and Gaas also contain orders. Silicon film material.

The above materials are used in specific photovoltaic power generations due to their unique performance. These features include: crystallinity, band gap size, absorption performance, and easy accessibility. External factors affect the atomic arrangement sequence in the crystal structure of the semiconductor determine the crystallinity of the semiconductor material, and the charge transmission, current density, and energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell are affected by crystallinity.

The band gap of the semiconductor material is the minimum energy required to transition electrons from binding states to free state (ie, allowed electronically conductive). The band gap size is usually expressed in EG, which is described by the energy difference between the valence band and the conduction. The price of semiconductor materials is a low level, and the conduction belt is a high energy level.

The absorption coefficient is used to characterize the distance of the photon penetration medium of a particular wavelength, which determines the ability of photons to be absorbed by the medium. The absorption coefficient is determined by the battery material and the wavelength of the absorbed photon. The cost and process of various semiconductor materials and devices depends on a variety of factors, including the type of material and the use of scale, production cycle, and the migration characteristics of the battery in the deposition chamber.

In the specific photovoltaic power generation demand, every factor will play an important role.