Power lithium-ion battery green recycling has roads

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - ପୋର୍ଟେବଲ୍ ପାୱାର ଷ୍ଟେସନ୍ ଯୋଗାଣକାରୀ

Recently, the Ministry of Ecological Environment announced the national environmental protection standards "Waste lithium-ion power storage battery solves the pollution control technical specifications (Drafts Draft)" (hereinafter referred to as "Technical Specifications"), aimed at all-in-waste lithium ion power storage batteries, protect human health. my country has the world's largest new energy auto market, in recent years, the momentum is rapid. Lithium ion batteries are considered to be one of the power lithium-ion batteries of new energy vehicles due to their advantages of high energy density, small self-discharge performance, recyclable use.

It is worth noting that due to the limited life of the lithium-ion battery, the technology is continuously updated, the lithium-ion battery is about to usher in scale, scrap "small peak". If the waste power storage battery is improper, it will bring problems such as health, safety, environmental pollution. So what does the "Technical Specification" mean for my country's power lithium-ion battery recovery industry? How to promote the resource regeneration utilization of the waste dynamic lithium-ion battery, and the pollution control of the whole process In order to improve the system according to the statistics, this year my country's powered lithium-ion battery will enter the scale of retirement, according to 70% can be used for the calculation of the ladder, about 60,000 tons of power lithium-ion batteries should be scrapped.

Power lithium-ion battery recycling is imminent. Where is the waffenary ion power battery, how to achieve cleaner, green, safe, and these problems have become the focus of industry concerns. The introduction of "Technical Specifications" may allow the industry to develop roads.

"Technical Specifications" first gives a clear meaning on the "waste lithium ion power battery": losing the original use value, or the lithium-ion power battery that is not lost, but abandoned or abandoned, does not include a shelf life Fault test, repair refurbished lithium-ion power storage battery. The specific specification description is carried out from the aspects of pollution control technology requirements, operating environment management requirements, environmental emergency management requirements. "At present, the industry's requirements for environmental protection, the introduction of" Technical Specifications ", by combing the current dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery, support the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling process green, Promote the industry more standardized development.

"The researcher of the Institute of Process Engineering, my country, told" my country Science News ". "In this day, my country did not specifically specifically for pollution prevention requirements proposed by the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery industry, only general rules. "Yang Qingyu, deputy secretary general of my country's Battery Alliance, believes that as a critical composition of the entire recycling industry normative system," Technical Specifications "has the characteristics of industry itself, and the pollutant control has put forward specific and detailed requirements for corresponding recycling companies, which helps In the power lithium-ion battery recycling industry to green, environmentally friendly, promote industrial transformation and upgrading.

In fact, in recent years, domestic dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling policies have continued to update, involving dynamic lithium-ion battery management methods, traceability management, management platform construction, standard conditions, outlet construction and operation, etc., also construct a power storage battery recycling The national standard system of the full life cycle, guiding the healthy development of the industry, motivating the power lithium-ion battery safe and orderly recycling. Policy guidance promotes the company's recovery awareness.

According to my country Battery Alliance Statistics, as of February 2020, 130 companies have declared 11229 recycling service outlets, and even each car company declared 86 recycling outlets. "The policy system is gradually formed, the standard is gradually improved, and the construction of the entire recycling channel system has also. Yang Qingyu said.

Different aspects of different requirements, the continuous revolution of the revolutionary powerful power lithium-ion battery recycled the pollution control of the whole industry chain, and the industry's green can continue to develop. In terms of pollution control technology requirements, "Technical Specifications" from the requirements of pollution control technology, end pollution control technology requirements, specific specification description. Sun Wei said that in terms of technical route, there are two types of industrial use.

One type is the fire-wet joint recovery process, so that the waste battery is prepared by high temperature smelting, further wet separation and purification, resulting in related products. Another category is a pyrolysis prevision - wet metallurgy combined recycling process. That is, the organic matter of the waste battery is first removed, and the rupture is selected, and the black powder rich in lithium-rich elements is obtained, and then the black powder is recovered by the wet leaching process to further prepare the battery positive material.

"The two routes have a feature, all hope 'from the battery', then 'return to the battery'. "Sun Wei said. In fact, in terms of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling industry, my country has gone before, "because our problems and demand have appeared earlier, more urgent".

Waste lithium-ion power lithium-ion battery recycles involving collecting, storage, transportation, and discharge, rupture, sorting, metal extraction, etc., different links have different requirements for pollution control. Yang Qingyu told the "my country Science News", in the collection of storage, focusing on the problem of electrolyte leakage.

Lithium hexafluorophosphate is the most important part of the electrolyte, about 43% of the electrolyte, it is easy to volatilize, release hydrogen fluoride pollution to the environment. In the dismantling sort, the smelting link, the selection of the working environment needs to be guaranteed, as well as the solution of exhaust gas wastewater wastewater. "Realize green safety recovery, close to the company's closed environment, environmental equipment, environmental technology, etc.

"Sun Wei also said that the risk of dynamic lithium-ion battery environmental pollution is one of the most concerned issues in the industry. In addition to the electrolyte leak, there is a solution of copper nickel and other heavy metal pollution and secondary waste residue in the process; in addition, if it solves improper, the residual electricity can cause spontaneous combustion, explosion, etc. during warehousing and cracking.

He pointed out that "the pre-resolution process is the focus of power lithium-ion battery recovery pollution control. "In recent years, relevant companies have begun to design when designing the front end of the battery, how is it more convenient, safe and environmentally friendly?. "To take into account the needs of electric vehicles, the difficulty is still relatively large, but there are attempts at home and abroad to explore.

"Sun Wei said. The prospects have been continuously explored, and the rapid development of new energy vehicles has driven the rise of lithium-ion power lithium-ion batteries, and also brought a broad future direction to the recovery of lithium ion powered lithium-ion batteries. There are data predictions, in 2020, my country's powered lithium-ion battery recycling market will reach around 10.

7 billion yuan, of which is about 6.4 billion yuan in the rails, and the renewable use market is about 4.3 billion yuan.

Yang Qingyu said that the core of battery recycling is to extend the full life cycle of the battery, enhance the value of regeneration. Among them, the battery's ladder is worthy of attention, from the power lithium-ion battery unloaded from new energy vehicles, according to safety testing and life estimation, it can also be used for low-speed electric vehicles, electric bicycles, small-scale distributed storage. "In addition to technology, the current industry is more concerned about recycling scale and economy.

"Yang Qingyu is confidential, the current number of retired dynamic lithium-ion batteries in the market is lower than that of the industry expectations, insufficient recovery, lack of scale effect, may be the problem of battery recycling companies. In his opinion, the original may include consumers, recycling channels are not smooth, etc. "When the power lithium ion battery capacity is attenuated to 80%, it has reached the car scrap standard, but the battery is higher, and the consumer will 'replace the battery is not as good as the two-year conversation.

"Yang Qingyu said that in general, the battery is retired, and the industry prospect is broad. On the one hand, it is necessary to guide consumers to recycle batteries through regular channels. On the other hand, supervision should be enhanced.

Li Jinhui, Professor Li Jinhui, a professor of the Tsinghua University Environment University, pointed out that my country's dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system is still not perfect. At present, the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system is important to rely on the construction of automotive processing companies, there is a certain security risk, and the professionalism of operators is insufficient. In addition, the pilot lithium-ion battery recovery system is increasing, and the overall recovery cost is high, and the recycling company is not clear.

The cooperation between up and downstream companies is to be enhanced, and the resource allocation of the recycling system needs to be optimized. In the view of Sun, it is necessary to enhance the automation level of battery recovery technology and equipment in the future. "Due to the large difference in battery packs, there is a large improvement in the technology of dismantling and other technologies.

"Experts pointed out that it is necessary to form a company-oriented battery recycling industry chain, but also to guide, scientific and technological support, public support, etc.