How does the power lithium battery recovery be implemented?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Soláthraí Stáisiún Cumhachta Inaistrithe

● "Electric Vehicle Power Battery Recycling Technology Policy" for the collection, classification, storage, transportation, step utilization, regeneration, supervision and management of waste dynamic lithium-ion batteries, etc. When Billion Watto, experts expect to increase from about 50 billion watts in 2016. The support of the new energy vehicle is not reduced.

Recently held State Council executive meetings identified five major measures to further support new energy automotive industries, including the requirements of government departments and public institutions to purchase new energy vehicles and public institutions to purchase new energy vehicles in the year. , To increase to more than 50%. The relevant person in charge of the State Administrative Authority also said that the next step will increase the work of public agencies to promote new energy vehicles in national public agencies, and strive to use new energy vehicles in 2020.

According to the data released by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in January 11 this year, the total number of new energy vehicles in 2015 has reached 379,000, of which the pure electric passenger cars and plug-in hybrid passenger cars are 142,800. And 636 million, up to 3 times the same year; corresponding to pure electric vehicle and plug-in commercial vehicle accumulated production is 147,900 and 24,600. The new energy car (in fact, the electric car is mainly) the industry chain has been rapidly established, and the production of dynamic lithium-ion batteries has entered an unprecedented peak period.

According to statistics, the 2015 movement lithium-ion battery loaded vehicle is more than 20 billion watts, experts expect to increase the 2016 to approximately 50 billion watts. Who is so recycling so many batteries? How to build a recycling industry chain? They are all urgent problems. Battery management is difficult to recycle the recycling of dynamic lithium-ion battery.

Importers and manufacturers using rechargeable batteries or buckle batteries, should undertake responsibility for recycling waste rechargeable batteries and waste buckle batteries. Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission were jointly announced (hereinafter referred to as "Policy") first clarified the responsible subject, electric vehicle production company, power battery production company, and rail-based battery production company, The scrapped car recycling dismantling company assumes different responsibilities, and regulates the collection, classification, storage, transportation, step utilization, regeneration, supervision and management of waste dynamic lithium-ion batteries. At present, the power lithium-ion battery is mainly based on lithium ion batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries.

In the production and consumption of new energy vehicle power lithium-ion batteries, battery production companies, vehicle companies, and consumers will be involved. 배터리 생산 회사는 배터리 및 관련 시스템을 생산하고, 자동차 회사의 요구에 따라 조립하는 일을 담당합니다. Treatment of waste lithium ion batteries will be discharged, dismantled, pulverized, sorted, hous-recovered, acid-base extraction, etc.

, its professionalism is not the existing lithium ion production company and vehicle company unilaterally achievable. By recovering the power lithium ion battery, it may be different specifications from different manufacturers, different models, different models, their groups, and string, and is different. Even if the same brand is the same as the battery, due to the use of internal resistance, capacity, self-discharge, electrode surface state, etc.

, there will be a large difference. Such messy batteries are used to a large-scale energy storage project, and the difficulty of its battery management can know. To this end, some experts say that in view of the complicated procedures for the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery process, it is best to recover and re-process the dedicated battery recovery mechanism.

Electric car scrap lithium-ion battery recycling and reuse is a new industry, whether it is a car company or battery company to participate in many challenges. Who is recovering? It is necessary to balance the whole vehicle, battery manufacturer, and consumers, the governments of the three-party interests, and introduce the spirit of the central document. Shanghai has issued a policy, and the automobile company recovered the dynamic lithium-ion battery government will subsidize 1000 yuan / set; Shenzhen establishes a dynamic lithium-ion battery utilization and recycling system: each selling a car manufacturer takes 600 yuan, the government takes 300 yuan, Mechanism for recovering power lithium ion batteries, initially establishing battery recovery.

However, domestic pure electric car used battery recovery is much more difficult. Important is: First, there is no fixed standard for lithium-ion battery pack construction, and the recovery process is cumbersome; after the second lithium ion battery pack is less recovered, the policy encourages the recycling. The most important thing is that the lithium-ion battery pack is complex and backward, and the cost exceeds the commodity market value.

At present, the relevant departments have organized new energy vehicles, experts, etc. to discuss new energy vehicles, experts, etc. In this regard, the battery production company believes that the powerful lithium-ion battery is sold to the vehicle company.

The cost of battery recovery should be responsible by the vehicle company; the vehicle company believes that the battery is used by consumers, the recycling cost should be made by the vehicle company and Consumers are committed together; while consumers believe that the battery purchased is recycled, the vehicle company and battery manufacturers should make up for this part of the loss. How to balance this tripartite rights, but also the problem that the decision department is carefully considered. What model is recycled? It is necessary to strengthen technical and standard research, formulate relevant standards, promote the tradder, on January 23 this year, in my country Electric Motors 100-person Meeting Forum, Minister of Science and Technology said, power lithium-ion battery, especially lithium-ion battery After the recycling, it is not necessarily scrapped immediately, it can be carried out.

In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the quality, performance identification, grading of the retired battery, and to formulate relevant standards to promote the use of the ladder. Internationally, the dynamic lithium-ion battery steps use important applications are home energy storage, new energy distributed power generation, disaster prevention base and communication base station, etc. These areas are not high in energy density, but the battery life and price requirements are relatively demanding, considering multiple costs such as battery recovery, conversion and transportation.

What model should be used for power lithium-ion battery recycling, and major companies are currently in the stage of exploration. Daimler - Mercedes-Benz recovers the lithium-ion battery energy storage project or will be in operation in 2016. Whether it takes only Mercedes-Benz electric car to be scrapped by the dynamic lithium-ion battery, but this may be a vehicle enterprise for powerful lithium-ion battery recycling One of the effective cases used.

In addition, there are also business models of battery production companies and professional recycling companies. If BYD, BYD, the battery production company, cooperates with lithium-ion battery recycling company Greenmei, hoping to promote, run and operate energy storage power station and photovoltaic power plant project Lithium-ion battery recycling field achieves a win-win situation. There is also a battery production company to supply internal use.

For example, Watma will carry out the recycled dynamic lithium-ion battery to build a power storage station, discharge it during the day, charging at night, protect the electricity required for the daytime factory, reduce the company's electricity Partial cost spending. 또한, 산업계 관계자는 스크랩 동적 리튬 이온 배터리의 다양한 상황에 따라 전기 삼륜차, 이륜차, 백업 전원 공급 장치, 에너지 저장 배터리 또는 금속 요소에 적용될 수 있으며, 사다리 목적에도 도달할 수 있는 금속 요소에 사용될 수 있다고 밝혔습니다. In the electric vehicle model of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, China Aviation Lithium Electric (Luoyang) Co.

, 주식회사 (hereinafter referred to as "China Aviation Lithium Electric") became the most powerful lithium-ion battery company with battery models, and the total number of models of NAV cells continued to rank first. It is reported that this company is constructing a dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling and a ladder utilization industry chain, which has been consensus with some new energy car companies.

Regardless of the business model, industry experts recommend not to be too dispersed with the company's main business, otherwise it will not be able to obtain higher economic benefits. 또한, 전력용 리튬이온 배터리의 회수 효율을 높이고 산업을 형성하기 위해서는 전용 회수 장소를 확립해야 하며, 재활용 장소는 도심에서 멀리 떨어져 있어야 하며 리튬이온 배터리의 재활용을 방해할 만큼 너무 멀리 떨어져 있어서는 안 됩니다. 환경오염

At the same time, it should be re-circulated by the company to carry out renewal, processing, transportation and raw materials, preventing disorderly chemical recovery links in the past. Expert perspective innovation business model promotes dynamic lithium ion battery recycling Xiong Meqing regardless of the perspective of resource environmental protection, or from the development of new energy automotive industry, the recycling and utilization of automobile power lithium-ion batteries is necessary and important. Moreover, with the rapid development of the new energy automotive industry, the exhaust volume of automobile power lithium-ion batteries will rise rapidly.

It is expected that the total amount of lithium-ion battery in my country will reach 12 to 170,000 tons, and the car power lithium-ion battery will be reached in 2020. Recycling will become a major task for resource saving environmental protection. However, the recycling of automobile power lithium-ion batteries is currently in the face of tissue, technology, funds, etc.

, is a difficult bone, the relevant department aware of the seriousness and urgency of the problem. To this end, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology jointly announced the "Recycling of Electric Vehicle Power Battery Recycling Technology Policy (2016)" (No. 2, 2016), the subject and its responsibility, recycling company qualifications and power Norms of lithium-ion battery design, production technology, etc.

, this is very timely and necessary. In order to effectively solve the recycling problem of automobile power lithium-ion batteries, at the same time, it is also possible to conduct some discussions from the perspective of the new energy model. The specific point is that the car buyer only purchases the function of the car battery, and does not purchase the car power lithium-ion battery equipment.

The specific practice is to separate the business, sales, charging, recycling of automobile power lithium-ion batteries and new energy vehicle body: First, it is required to require standardization, series, modularity and generalization of dynamic lithium-ion batteries. Hereinafter, "Four"); Second, the automaker is required to reserve the installation space and interface of the power lithium-ion battery in the car body. When the car buyers buy a car, they choose the power lithium-ion battery and installed by the car dealer; three It is the construction of the powerful lithium-ion battery along the road to change the new service station.

Keep the key to successful operation of this business model is to require the production of dynamic lithium-ion batteries to achieve "four". Only this can ensure different brands of cars, whenever and where, can quickly replace the powered lithium-ion battery, and convenient for automakers to produce different horsepower automotive products. The development of the dynamic lithium-ion battery must take the "four-way" road, prevent the battery of the mobile phone, the battery, charger, etc.

can't replace the adverse consequences of the brought, as each brand cannot be replaced, not only causes inconvenience to the user, It also causes a good product to be idle in advance, there are many garbage. The biggest advantage of this business model is to solve the car buyers' quality, life and maintenance, charging, replacement, and remnational concerns. Second, it is conducive to simplifying the tissue of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling technology, which is easy to develop and promote the recycling technology of dynamic lithium-ion battery, saving the cost of recycling and utilization of waste batteries; it is also conducive to improving the maintenance level of power lithium-ion batteries, extending battery use Life, thereby reducing battery scrap volume.

Of course, this business model is also conducive to promoting the production and recycling of automobile power lithium-ion batteries into an independent industry to protect the healthy development of this industry, and it is also conducive to regulating the competition in new energy auto industries, especially to prevent new energy. Automakers with power lithium-ion battery performance car buyers. In fact, from the purchase material product to the function or use value of the purchase of products, it is an important means to realize the reduction of garbage sources and improve the recycling rate of abandoned products.

Rental apartment with furniture, public transport, centralized air conditioning, meal service, etc. are examples of consumers' purchase features or value. It can be expected that if the business of the automotive power lithium-ion battery service uses this business model, it will reduce the number of abandoned dynamic lithium-ion batteries to simplify the organizational procedures for waste batteries and improve the recycling rate of waste batteries.

Author: How to recover the dynamic lithium-ion battery in the foreign urban management committee? USA: Battery retailers must recover the "Rechargeable Battery Recycling and Rehabilitation", which is announced in 2005, is an important target for lead-acid batteries. The retailers of all rechargeable batteries in California must be transferred to consumers. The waste rechargeable battery, including all rechargeable battery retailers in California.

The battery product management method developed by the US International Battery Association, using the deposit system to promote consumers to actively pay the old battery. American Waste Battery Recycling Company toxco, investing a large number of resources to develop lithium ion battery recovery treatment technology. Low-temperature freezing batteries in liquid nitrogen environments, then dismantle the battery, extract the useful materials, such as lithium ingredients are converted to lithium carbonate in raw materials to the battery production company.

At the same time, the US government pushes the establishment of battery recycling network. It takes an additional ambient fees to charge a certain amount of handling fees and batteries to pay a part of the recovery fee of the battery, and the waste battery is recycled. The company sells purified raw materials to the battery production company with the protocol price.

Japan: Car company giants start recycling projects Although Japan did not have special regulations for car power lithium-ion batteries, in Japan related environmental regulations ("Resource Effective Usage", "Energy Conservation Law" and "Regeneration Law" and "Regeneration Resources Law") , Japan has initially established a battery recovery system for "battery production and sales - recycling - regeneration treatment". At the same time, Japanese people spontaneously set up many civil organizations to participate in all aspects of recycling of waste batteries. Japan's car giant Toyota launched a recycling nickel-hydrogen battery project in 2011, with a first-class high-purity extraction technology of Sumitomo Metal Mine, Toyota realized multiple utilization of nickel in a hybrid vehicle power lithium-ion battery, this The business can reclaim 50% of the battery pack; and the Toyota Chemical Engineering and Sumitom Metal Mine is equipped with a special production line that can be recycled from 10,000 hybrid electric vehicle batteries.

April Honda has begun to work with Japan. Starting the waste nickel-hydride-powered lithium-ion battery recovery project, this project can recover more than 80% rare earth metal from waste nickel-hydrogen batteries, used to make new nickel-hydrogen batteries, and actively promote the recycling of other precious metals. Germany: Dealers must organize the retracting mechanism in Germany, battery production and importers must register in government; dealers should organize the retraction mechanism, and cooperate with the manufacturer to introduce the battery free recycling battery; end users are obliged to pay waste batteries Give the designated recycling mechanism.

The "Battery Law" of Germany has begun to take effect in 2009. When purchasing new lead-acid batteries, customers must pay back the old battery, otherwise the deposit of 7.5 euros must be paid.

It is precisely because of this provision, the German lead-acid battery recovery is almost 100%. In addition, the producer's responsibility extension system has been implemented and established to improve the battery recovery system, and carry out different technical paths of dynamic lithium-ion batteries. For example, the German Environment has funded two dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling demonstration projects (Libri projects and lithorec projects), which use fire-based metallurgical and wet metallurgy to resource utilization, compare different technologies.

The recycling effect, then evaluated the environmental impact and economic benefits of the recovery dynamic lithium-ion battery by lifecycle analysis (LCA).