A large number of electric car power batteries face "retired" waste battery?

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Портативті электр станциясының жеткізушісі

On November 26, 2013, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Development and Reform Commission, and the four ministries and commissions organized an audit assessment for the new energy automotive promotion applications of various places to confirm 28 cities or areas. A group of new energy vehicles promotion application cities. According to the cycle of the power battery capacity, the first batch of new energy vehicles will have a large number of electric vehicle power batteries "retire", and the dynamic battery recycling will meet the window period.

I. After the potential dangerous power battery of the abandoned power battery, the utilization of unprotive use, will threaten public safety, causing difficult environmental pollution, and waste valuable price metal resources. From the safety level, there is a certain safety hazard in improper disposal of waste power storage batteries.

One is the hidden danger of electric shock. The power battery of the new energy vehicle is high, and the personnel have exposed to electric shock in the absence of protective measures. Second, the burning hidden danger.

In the event of an internal or external short-circuit, the positive and negative poles generate a large current resulting in high heat, causing positive and negative combustion. Third, corrosion hidden dangers. The electrolyte is an organic volatile liquid, reacted with moisture in the air to produce a white corrosive and irritating fluoride smoke.

From the environmental level, the waste power battery has a threat to the ecological environment and personal health. First, heavy metal pollution. Battery positive electrode material containing heavy metals, cobalt, etc.

, without professional recovery treatment, heavy metal pollution. For det andet elektrolytforurening. Elektrolytopløst stof LiPF6 er giftigt stof og er ekstraktion, som kan forårsage fluorfluid, opløsningsmiddel kan forårsage vandforurening.

From the resource level, nickel-hydrogen, lithium-ion power storage battery is different from the positive electrode material, which contains lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and rare earth and other metals, and power storage battery industries for lithium, nickel, cobalt. With the increasing amount of the power storage battery, these resources in the battery will directly cause great waste of resources. Second, which places can the waste power battery be applied? At present, there are two roads in the recycling of waste power batteries: the first road is raw material recycling.

From a technical point of view, the current recycling technology of the current waste power battery is quite mature: first discharge, then disassemble the battery, separating the respective components of the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and diaphragm. The electrode material is leached, the acid is immersed, and the extraction is performed to achieve the enrichment of the viable metal, and the recovery rate of the element is close to 100%. The second road is the use of waste batteries.

The waste battery capacity is attenuated, but there is still a certain energy storage capacity. The life cycle has not yet ended, and it can also be applied to the energy storage market, light electric vehicle, spare battery, etc. At present, many foreign car companies and institutions are exploring, such as alternate power supplies them as home or commercial buildings.

That is to use the solar charging during the day, take advantage of the trough electricity price to charge the electricity in the battery during the battery or emergency. The general car has such a practice, manufacturing a home spare power supply with 5 sets of Chevrolet Volt, filled with 3-5 US ordinary families for 2 hours after power failure. Prior to Tesla has also been explored by the waste battery, but this model has some applicable scenes for many people in the United States.

For those who live in the city, there are not many applications, so there are some commercial institutions to concentrate on waste batteries. As a commercial institution of a storage platform, they collect their electric energy to residents in their grids. Third, the domestic waste power recycling is to promote the recycling of waste batteries.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Interim Provisions on the Administration of New Energy Automobile Power Battery Recycling" in July 2018, and officially implemented on August 1st. The main content of "traceable management" is to standardize information collection, sales, scrap, recycling, and utilization of power batteries, and implement monitoring of the implementation of recycling responsibility for each link entity. In recent years, including car companies, power battery companies, material enterprises, and third-party enterprises have actively constructed new energy vehicles with their own plates as the core, and explore the industrial advanced experience of power battery recycling, promotion technology and technology.

Development, building an effective sustainable business model. 1. Northern Automobile New Energy "Optimus Program" combined with the power storage mode as a light storage power station When the capacity of the battery is less than 70% of the rated capacity, it is no longer suitable for new energy vehicles, but the internal chemical composition of the battery and No change, and also store part of the power.

Then use these batteries as a battery battery. Very nice. At present, the power-saving station uses the intelligent microgban system of "electriforation + energy storage + photovoltaic", and the energy storage device recovered by the retired battery, using photovoltaic power generation, national power network peak Garuzi to power the vehicle.

This advantage of this layout is mainly in the car, electrical separation, and can be maintained by operators anytime, anywhere, is maintained, medical examination, recycling, reuse, and update. According to the "Optimus Program" program of Beiqi new energy, it will invest 10 billion yuan in RMB 2022, built 3000 light storage power storage, and the ladder energy storage battery exceeds 5GWH, which is equivalent to 15,000 electric vehicles. Battery quantity.

2, BYD independently built battery recycling, BYD is currently the only self-studying battery in all new energy passengers, and the recycling and utilization is basically operated. Its battery recycling channels mainly rely on authorized dealers. When there is customer request or scrapped vehicle needs to replace the power battery, the distributor will take the power battery from the body and transport to the BYD battery factory for preliminary testing.

If the recycled battery can continue to be utilized, then continue to apply in the field of home energy storage or base station alternate power supply in the future. If the battery can not be used, then transport it to the relevant departments of the BYD battery material factory for disassembly recycling. Relatively speaking, BYD has the most complete battery recovery chain in new energy car companies in China.

3. Carrigs and China Tower Oriented Alliance Recycling Currently, China's largest power battery recycling cooperation is 16 companies and China Tower. In January 2018, Changan and Yinlong's new energy and other 16 vehicles and battery companies and power battery recycling have reached cooperation with China Tower Company.

China Tower has begun to build a retired battery ladder since 2015, cover various use conditions such as backup, peak-filled valley, microgrid. The retired power battery is used in the tradder of the communication base station. China Tower's total demand for energy storage batteries is about 146GWH, storage station replacement and new storage power station a total of about 25GWH, only from quantity, as long as Tower communication base station energy storage The battery replacement and the new station all use the dynamic battery of the ladder, you can absorb more than 80% of the waste power battery in 2020.

4, Tesla and other foreign reference cases compared to the domestic battery recycling project, most of them are dominated by the vehicle factory, focusing on small and medium-sized family reservoirs, industrial energy storage or small web fields. For example, Nissan Motors and Sumitomo joint venture in 2010, 4Renergy Energy, the waste battery of Nissan Hisheat Electric Motors, develop home and commercial energy storage products. Other similar projects also include: 2017 Mercedes-Benz and recycling companies, using SMART's retired battery ladder to use the field of grid service storage facilities.

Bosch Group, BMW and Wartford have built a large photovoltaic power storage system in Berlin in 2015. General Company and ABB cooperate with ABB to use the Retired Chevrolet Battleramis to make families and small commercial spare power supplies, as well as use in renewable energy power generation. Tesla's way has differentials.

From its executive, the behavior and remarks of the battery recovery company, Tesla is more inclined to use direct disassembly recycled raw materials for retired power batteries. Tesla itself has energy storage products, using a new battery factory (GigaFactory). Tesla also has a planning and equipment production line for battery dismantling, and new battery recycling project exists in Tesla brand.

In addition to supplementing Tesla business, it does not rule out the renewal of the whole industry. Battery possibilities. Although the domestic power battery recycling industry is in the ascendant, it is necessary to face it.

The power battery circular recycling industry is still facing a series of commercial problems such as key common technologies such as recycling network, and commercial model innovation, and the overall industry is still in the initial development stage. I believe that with the gradual improvement of policies and systems, the recycling of used batteries is definitely very large prospects.