Scrapped battery recycling is unfortunate

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - អ្នកផ្គត់ផ្គង់ស្ថានីយ៍ថាមពលចល័ត

According to my country's automobile technology research center, until 2020, my country's pure electric (including plug-in) passenger car and hybrid passenger vehicle power lithium ion battery accumulated scrap volume will reach 120,000 to 170,000 tons, and with The development of new energy vehicles, the demand for recycling and use of scrap batteries will be larger. Recovery and use significance of scrap dynamic lithium-ion batteries. Although the lithium ion battery as a power lithium-ion battery does not contain a heavy metallic element such as mercury, cadmium, lead, etc.

, but it still causes environmental pollution, improve the pH of the soil, and the improper treatment may occur. Moreover, the metal and electrolyte contained in the dynamic lithium ion battery will also cause harm to the human body. For example, cobalt elements may cause human intestinal disorders, deafness, myocardial ischemia.

The recycling of the power lithium-ion battery not only protects the environment, but also has a positive impact on the sustainable development of the electric vehicle due to the scarcity of resources. Taking cobalt resources as an example, according to the statistics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Qinghai Salt Lake, global cobalt production is 150,000 tons, of which 80% come from waste materials recycling. At present, 95% of my country's cobalt resources rely on imports, and cobalt with battery has 69%.

At the existing level, in 2020, the development of new energy vehicles will lead to the contradiction between supply and demand of cobalt resources. In order to standardize the scrap recovery of the power lithium-ion battery, from last year, the relevant policy is intensively introduced, but the actual effectiveness is very effective, and the recovery of the dynamic lithium-ion battery is slow. Data show that the annual report of waste-powered lithium-ion batteries is 20,000 to 40,000 tons, but the corresponding battery recovery is only 2%; in 2016, the actual dynamic lithium-ion battery in which the dismantling recovery is less than 10,000 tons, more than 80%.

The scrap battery is still stranded in the car. In the eyes of the author, there is three aspects of this problem. First of all, the power lithium-ion battery is difficult to recover.

As part of the car, with the sale of the car, its ownership has been transferred to the consumer, the consumer enjoys the right to dispose, it can flow into regular channels, it is difficult to control, such as many scrapped power lithium ion batteries flow Private workshop. Secondly, the powerful lithium-ion battery recovery is insufficient, and the company's enthusiasm is not high. Since 2015, the new energy car market has begun to have an explosive rise, whether it is a new energy car or a powerful lithium-ion battery, has not yet entered a large-scale scrap stage, so the relevant company's recycling power is insufficient.

Again, battery recycling, dismantling economic benefits, overall investment far exceeds recycling value, and the dismantling is more dangerous. The source of retired battery is complex, the dismantling process is different, including different types of battery manufacturing and design processes, string parallel into group form, battery usage time, diversity of models and use conditions, etc. Different requirements, resulting in higher disassembly costs.

Therefore, the author suggests that it is necessary to improve the enthusiasm of consumers. For example, it can be charged in the way, including battery deposits in the price of consumers to purchase electric vehicles. When consumers send waste batteries, they can return the deposit.

Second, we must enhance the enthusiasm of the company's participation, and encourage the development of dismantling recycling companies. For example, the use of environmental governance taxes or reduction of waste battery treatment companies, etc. Although the number of scrapped batteries is relatively small, the previous investment is large, and the state can take appropriate policies to support the development of battery recycling companies.

Third, speed up the standardization of power lithium-ion batteries. There is a wide variety of lithium-ion batteries in China. The battery is complex and there is no uniform standard.

The retired battery should be used to use, and the process is complex by disassembly, sorting and secondary set, and the recycled cell is from different manufacturers, specifications. Not the same. This means that the battery in group may have to have a variety of different design methods, which will add two sets of design costs and processing costs, resulting in complexity and recycling process, difficult to form industrial management.

Fourth, the corresponding indicator of the battery recovery is set, and the penalty measures do not meet the standard company. Clear rewards and punishment measures help urge relevant companies to complete the recycling task, improve the recycling rate of the battery. In the object, the economic problem of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery can be solved by scale effects.

With the new number of electric vehicles, the number of power lithium-ion batteries will be more and more, and the scale effect will be diluted with cost, and the economic benefits brought by the retired dynamic lithium-ion battery ladder will gradually appear.