Nyocha nke ihe kpatara nyocha nke ike batrị lithium attenuation

著者：Iflowpower – Dodavatel přenosných elektráren

N&39;ime batrị lithium ion batrị, a na-egosipụta nguzozi ikike dị ka oke nha nke electrode dị mma na electrode na-adịghị mma, ya bụ: <000000>gamma;= m + / m- =δXC- /δYC + usoro elu C na-ezo aka ikike coulomb nke electrode,δobere,δY na-ezo aka na igwe kemịkalụ nke ion lithium agbakwunyere na electrode na-adịghị mma na electrode dị mma. Enwere ike ịhụ site na usoro a dị n&39;elu na oke oke nke okporo osisi abụọ ahụ na-adabere na ọnụọgụ nke ike coulomb na ion lithium nke na-agbanwe agbanwe dịka okporo osisi abụọ ahụ si dị. N&39;ozuzu, ntanye oke oke na-akpata ezughị ezu iji ihe electrode na-adịghị mma; nnukwu oke oke nwere ike ịnwe ihe egwu nchekwa n&39;ihi na a na-anyafe electrode na-adịghị mma.

Na nkenke, n&39;ogo ogo kachasị mma, ịrụ ọrụ batrị kacha mma. N&39;ihe metụtara usoro batrị Li-ION dị mma, na oge okirikiri ya, ọnụọgụ ọdịnaya adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, na ikike mbụ na okirikiri nke ọ bụla bụ uru ụfọdụ, mana ọnọdụ ahụ dị mgbagwoju anya karị. Mmeghachi omume akụkụ ọ bụla nke nwere ike ịpụta ma ọ bụ na-eri ion lithium ma ọ bụ eletrọn nwere ike ime mgbanwe na nguzosi ike batrị, ozugbo nguzozi ikike batrị ahụ pụtara, mgbanwe a enweghị ike ịgbagha, enwere ike ịgbakọta ya site na ọtụtụ okirikiri, yana arụmọrụ batrị na-apụta.

Mmetụta siri ike. Na mgbakwunye, ma e wezụga maka njigide oxidation nke ion lithium, enwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke mmeghachi omume akụkụ, dị ka nyocha electrolyte, mgbasa nke ihe na-arụ ọrụ, ntinye lithium metal, wdg. Nke mbụ: overcharge 1, graphite negative overcharge: Mgbe batrị karịrị akarị, lithium ion na-adị mfe ibelata n&39;elu ihe na-adịghị mma: lithium echekwabara na-ekpuchi elu na-adịghị mma, na-egbochi ntinye lithium.

A na-ebelata arụmọrụ ntọhapụ na mfu ikike, nke mbụ: 1 nwere ike belata site na lithium cyclic; 2 echekwabara metal lithium na ihe mgbaze ma ọ bụ nkwado electrolyte iji mepụta Li2CO3, LIF ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ; 3 metal lithium na-etolitekarị n&39;etiti electrode na-adịghị mma na diaphragm, ikekwe The pores nke igbochi diaphragm na-abawanye nguzogide nke batrị;. Nchaji ngwa ngwa, njupụta dị ugbu a buru ibu, nnukwu polarization na-adịghị mma, ntinye lithium ga-edo anya karịa. Ọnọdụ a dị mfe ime na oge nke electrode na-adịghị mma na-arụ ọrụ.

Otú ọ dị, n&39;ihe banyere nchaji dị elu, ntinye nke lithium metal nwere ike ime ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na oke nke electrode dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma bụ ihe nkịtị. 2, mmeghachi omume ziri ezi dị oke ala mgbe ezigbo nguzogide na-arụ ọrụ electrode dị oke ala, ọ dịkwa mfe ịgba ụgwọ. Mgbanwe dị mma na-eme ka mfu ikike bụ n&39;ihi ihe omume nke electrochemical inert bekee (dị ka CO3O4, MN2O3, wdg).

), nke na-akpaghasị ikike nguzozi n&39;etiti electrodes, na ike ya enweghị ike ịgbanwe. (1) liycoo2liycoo2→(1-y) / 3 [CO3O4 + O2 (G)] + Ylicoo2Y <0.4 Simultaneous positive electrode material analyzes oxygen in a sealed lithium ion battery to analyze the oxygen due to the absence of re-reactive reaction (such as the formation of H2O) and the combustible gas in the electrolyte analysis At the same time, the consequences will be unimaginable.

(2)λ-MnO2 lithium manganese mmeghachi omume na-eme na steeti ebe lithium manganese oxide na-adịchaghị mma.:λ-Mno2→Mn2O3 + O2 (G) 3, electrolyte bụ oxidized mgbe electrolyte bụ oxidized mgbe nrụgide dị elu karịa 4.5V, na electrolyte (dịka ọmụmaatụ.

, Li2CO3) na gas na-oxidized, na ndị a insolublements ga-egbochi micropores nke electrode. Mbugharị nke ion lithium na-akpata mfu ikike n&39;oge okirikiri. Na-emetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke oxidation ọnụego: Ụdị na elu mpaghara nha nke onye na-eduzi ihe (carbon black, etc.

) agbakwunyere site na nti electrode ihe n&39;elu ebe size mkpokọta ihe onwunwe (carbon oji, wdg) na ugbu a na-eji electrolytic ngwọta, EC / DMC na-ewere nwere kasị elu ọxịdashọn ikike. A na-egosipụtakarị usoro oxidation electrochemical nke ngwọta dị ka: ngwọta→Ngwaahịa oxidation (gases, ngwọta na ihe siri ike) + NE-ihe ọ bụla na-agbaze oxidation nwere ike ime ka ntinye nke electrolyte dịkwuo elu, a na-ebelata nkwụsi ike nke electrolyte, na ike batrị bụ n&39;ikpeazụ.

Ka e were ya na ọ na-eri obere akụkụ nke electrolyte mgbe ọ bụla a na-ebu ya, mgbe ahụ, ọtụtụ electrolyte na-abanye na mgbakọ batrị. Maka arịa mgbe niile, nke a pụtara na a na-ebufe obere ihe na-arụ ọrụ, nke ga-eme ka mbelata ikike mbụ. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụrụ na ngwaahịa siri ike emee, a na-emepụta ihe nkiri passivation n&39;elu electrode, nke ga-eme ka batrị ahụ dịkwuo elu mmepụta nke batrị.

Original 2: Electrolyte (Ntụgharị) I Na nyocha electrode 1 Ibelata ikike batrị, mmeghachi omume mbelata electrolyte megide ikike batrị na ndụ na-ekesa ga-emetụta nke ọma, na n&39;ihi mbelata gas na-abawanye batrị, si otú ahụ na-eduga na nsogbu nchekwa. The nti electrode analysis voltaji na-emekarị karịa 4.5V (metụtara Li / Li +), n&39;ihi ya, ha adịghị mfe nyochaa na nti.

Kama nke ahụ, electrolytes dị iche iche iji nyochaa. 2, a na-enyocha electrolyte na electrode na-adịghị mma: electrolyte adịghị elu na graphite na ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị mma nke carbon, ọ dịkwa mfe ime ma ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị agbanwe agbanwe. Ntụle ngwọta electrolytic n&39;oge nke mbụ ụgwọ na mwepụ ga-etolite a passivation film n&39;elu nke electrode, na passivation film nwere ike igbochi ọzọ nyocha nke electrolyte na carbon ọjọọ electrode.

Ya mere, a na-edobe nkwụsi ike nhazi nke carbon negative electrode. Dị ka o kwesịrị, mbelata nke electrolyte na-ejedebe na nhazi ọkwa nke ihe nkiri passivation, usoro ahụ anaghịkwa eme mgbe okirikiri ahụ kwụsiri ike. Mbelata nke e guzobere nnu electrolyte nke ihe nkiri passivation na-etinye aka na nhazi nke ihe nkiri passivation, nke na-eme ka nkwụsịtụ nke ihe nkiri ahụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo ike, ma ihe mgbaze nke na-ebelata na ihe mgbaze na-emetụta ihe mgbaze ngwaahịa; (2) Mbelata nnu electrolyte A na-ebelata ntinye nke ngwọta electrolytic, n&39;ikpeazụkwa kpatara ikike batrị (Mbelata LiPF6 iji mepụta LIF, LiXPF5-X, PF3O na PF3); (3) Nhazi nke ihe nkiri passivation bụ iri lithium ion, nke nwere ike ime ka ikike pola ghara ịdị nhata.

Ebelatala batrị dum. (4) Ọ bụrụ na e nwere mgbape na passivation film, ihe mgbaze molekul nwere ike ibufe na-eme ka passivation film thickened, nke ọ bụghị nanị na-erepịakwa ọzọ lithium, ma ọ ga-ekwe omume igbochi micropores n&39;elu nke carbon, pụta na lithium enweghị ike embed na apụtakwa N&39;ihi na irreversible ikike ọnwụ. Tinye ụfọdụ mgbakwunye inorganic, dị ka CO2, N2O, CO, SO2, wdg.

, nwere ike mee ngwangwa nhazi nke ihe nkiri passivation, ma nwee ike igbochi akara ngosi na nyocha nke ihe mgbaze, na mgbakwunye nke okpueze ether organic additive nwere otu mmetụta ahụ, ebe 12 okpueze 4 ether kacha mma. Ihe na-akpata ọnwụ ike imepụta ihe nkiri: (1) Ụdị carbon; (2) ihe ndị na-emepụta electrolyte; (3) ihe mgbakwunye na electrode ma ọ bụ electrolyte. BLYR na-ekwere na ion mgbanwe mmeghachi omume ọganihu si n&39;elu nke nọ n&39;ọrụ ihe na ya isi, kpụrụ ọhụrụ na-adọ na-eli, na elu nke ahụ na-etolite a ala ion na electron conductivity, otú spinel mgbe nchekwa.

Ndị ọzọ polarization karịa nchekwa. ZHANG na-achọpụta ire ere nke AC impedance ụdịdị dị iche iche tupu na mgbe electrode ihe onwunwe, na ọhụrụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cycles, iguzogide elu passivation oyi akwa abawanyela, na interface capacitance na-ebelata. Na-egosipụta ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa passivation na-agbakwunye na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke okirikiri.

Mgbasa nke manganese na nyocha nke electrolyte na-eme ka e guzobe ihe nkiri passivation, na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu na-eme ka mmeghachi omume ndị a dịkwuo mma. Nke a ga-eme ka ihe mgbochi na-apụtaghị ìhè nke ụmụ irighiri ihe na-arụ ọrụ na mmụba na nkwụsị Li + Mbugharị, si otú ahụ na-abawanye polarization nke batrị, na ụgwọ na nkwụsị adịghị ezu, na ike na-ebelata. II electrolytic ngwọta reductant usoro electrolyte na-enwekarị adịghị ọcha dị ka oxygen, mmiri, carbon dioxide, na oxidative mmeghachi omume n&39;oge batrị na mwepụ usoro.

Mbelata usoro nke electrolyte na-agụnye mgbaze mgbaze, electrolyte mbenata na adịghị ọcha ibelata akụkụ atọ: 1, Mbelata ihe mgbaze PC na EC na-agụnye ihe electron mmeghachi omume na nke abụọ eletrọnịkị mmeghachi omume usoro, nke abụọ electron mmeghachi omume ụdị Li2CO3: FONG, wdg, na mbụ N&39;oge mwepu usoro, electrode ike dị nso O.8V (vs.

li / li +), PC / EC na-emepụta mmeghachi omume electrochemical na graphite, na-emepụta CH = CHCH3 (G) / CH2 = CH2 (G) na LiCO3 (s) , Na-akpata ọnwụ na-enweghị ike ịgbagha na electrodes graphite. Aurbach et al n&39;ihi na a dịgasị iche iche nke electrolyte mbelata usoro na ngwaahịa ya na metal lithium electrode na carbon dabeere electrode, chọpụtara na RocO2Li na propylene mere na electronic mmeghachi omume usoro nke PC. Roco2li na-enwe mmetụta nke ukwuu maka ịchọta mmiri.

Ngwaahịa siri ike bụ Li2CO3 na propylene, mana enweghị Li2CO3 na ikpe ihicha. Ein-Eliy kọrọ na ihe electrolyte mere nke diethyl carbonate (DEC) na diomethymethane (DMC), mmeghachi omume mmeghachi omume na-apụta na batrị, na methyl carbonate (EMC) na-etolite, na e nwere ụfọdụ mfu nke ikike ọnwụ. Mmetụta.

2, Mbelata mmeghachi omume nke mbelata electrolyte nke electrolyte na-ewerekarị na ọ na-etinye aka na nhazi nke elu nke carbon electrode, ya mere, ụdị na ntinye ya ga-emetụta arụmọrụ nke carbon electrode. N&39;ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, mbelata nke electrolyte na-enye aka na nkwụsi ike nke elu carbon, ma nwee ike ịmepụta oyi akwa passivation chọrọ. A na-ekwenyekarị na electrolyte na-akwado dị mfe iji belata karịa ihe mgbaze, na mbelata ngwaahịa nsonye na ihe nkiri na-adịghị mma na-echekwa electrode na-emetụta ike attenuation nke batrị.

Ọtụtụ mmeghachi omume mbelata nke na-akwado electrolytes nwere ike ime dị ka ndị a: 3, ọdịnaya mmiri na Mbelata adịghị ọcha (1) Mmiri dị na electrolyte ga-emepụta LiOH (S) na Li2O deposition layers, nke na-adịghị mma maka ntinye ion lithium, na-akpata nkwụsị nke enweghị ike ịgbagha: H2O + E→OH- + 1 / 2H2OH- + Li +→LiOH (s) LiOH + Li ++ E-→Li2O (S) + 1 / 2H2 na-arụpụta LiOH (S) na-edebe n&39;elu nke electrode, na-etolite a nnukwu n&39;elu film na-enwe nnukwu nguzogide, na-egbochi Li + agbakwunyere graphite electrodes, na-akpata irreversible ikike ọnwụ. Mmiri dị obere na ihe mgbaze (100-300×10-6) Enweghị mmetụta na arụmọrụ electrode graphite. (2) CO2 na ihe mgbaze nwere ike ibelata na electrode ọjọọ na-etolite CO na LiCO3 (S): 2CO2 + 2E- + 2LI +→Li2CO3 + COCO ga-abawanye batrị na batrị, ebe Li2CO3 (S) na-abawanye nguzogide batrị na-abawanye arụmọrụ batrị.

(3) Ọnụnọ nke oxygen na ihe mgbaze na-etolitekwa Li2O n&39;ihi na ọdịiche nwere ike dị n&39;etiti lithium metal na carbon nke lithium yiri ya dị ntakịrị, na mbelata nke electrolyte na carbon yiri mbelata lithium. Na mbụ 3: Mwepu onwe ya pụtara na batrị na-efunahụ ya na ọnọdụ ejighi ya. Batrị lithium-ion na-ebute onwe ya n&39;ọnọdụ abụọ: otu bụ mfu ikike nke nwere ike ịgbanwe; nke abụọ bụ mfu nke enweghị ike ịgbagha ikike.

Ntugharị ikike nke na-agbanwe agbanwe pụtara na ikike nke ọnwụ nwere ike nwetaghachi n&39;oge ị na-ebufe ya, na nkwụsị nke na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe na-atụgharị, na electrode dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma nwere ike iji micro-cell na-eji electrolyte na steeti chaja, na lithium ion na-agbakwunyere na gbahapụrụ, nke ọma na nke na-adịghị mma. Ion lithium agbakwunyere na-ejikọta naanị na ion lithium nke electrolyte, na ikike electrode dị mma na nke na-adịghị mma bụ nke na-adịghị mma. Enweghị ike ị nwetaghachi akụkụ a nke mfu ikike mgbe ị na-akwụ ụgwọ.

Dị ka: Lithium manganese oxide nti electrode na ihe mgbaze nwere ike igbanye onwe-agbapụta nke mere site onwe-ịchụpụ: ihe mgbaze ụmụ irighiri (eg, PC) na-oxidized dị ka microbial sel n&39;elu conductive ihe carbon oji ma ọ bụ ugbu a mmiri mmiri: otu, adịghị mma electrode arụ ọrụ umi Ọ nwere ike ịbụ onwe-ẹsiode si electrolytic ngwọta na electrolyte (6) na-ebelata electrolyte. dị ka LiPF6).

A na-ewepụ ion lithium na electrode na-adịghị mma nke microcontroller dị ka electrode na-adịghị mma nke steeti chaja: ihe na-emepụta onwe ya Ihe: Usoro mmepụta nke ihe electrode dị mma, usoro mmepụta batrị, ihe ndị electrolyte, okpomọkụ, oge. A na-achịkwa ọnụ ọgụgụ nkwụsị nke onwe ya site na ọnụ ọgụgụ oxidation ihe mgbaze, ya mere nkwụsi ike nke ihe mgbaze na-emetụta ndụ nchekwa nke batrị. Ọxịdashọn nke ihe mgbaze na-eme n&39;elu carbon ojii, na mpaghara ojii ojii nwere ike ijikwa ọnụ ọgụgụ nke onwe, mana maka ihe elektrọn LIMN2O4 dị mma, belata mpaghara elu nke ihe na-arụ ọrụ bụ nke siri ike, na onye na-anakọta ihe ugbu a na-eche ihu iji ihe mgbaze oxidation enweghị ike ileghara ya anya.

Nke ugbu a na-agbapụta site na diaphragm batrị nwekwara ike ime ka ịwepụ onwe ya na batrị lithium ion batrị, ma usoro a na-ejedebe site na nkwụsị nke diaphragm, na oke dị ala, ọ nweghịkwa ihe jikọrọ ya na okpomọkụ. N&39;iburu n&39;uche na ọnụego ntọhapụ nke batrị ahụ na-adaberesi ike na okpomọkụ, usoro a abụghị usoro dị oke egwu na ịwepụ onwe ya. Ọ bụrụ na electrode na-adịghị mma nọ n&39;ọnọdụ ọkụ eletrik zuru oke, a na-ebibi ihe ndị dị na batrị ahụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị na-adịgide adịgide.