Power lithium battery recycled hard core technology! Dry wet method dismantling cassette use profit space calculation of large inventories

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Προμηθευτής φορητών σταθμών παραγωγής ενέργειας

In the forebel, we have mentioned the huge space for the recycling of the power lithium battery. This important to talk about battery recycling purposes and technology routes. The reason why the power lithium battery is recovered, and it is important to drive: one is environmentally friendly, and the other is economical.

There are a variety of harmful substances in the battery, which will abandon the impact on ecological sprouts. A large number of retired batteries will bring potential threats to the environment, especially heavy metals, electrolytes, solvents, and various types of organic contranes in the power lithium battery. If they are not abandoned without reasonable disposal, it will cause huge harm to soil, water, etc.

, and repair Long process time, high cost, so recycling demand. The substances typically contained in the lithium-ion battery are based on the 2011 version of the United States harmful substance list data, Ni, CO, and phosplastivhets, which are considered to be high-risk substances. If the waste lithium ion battery takes a general waste solution (including landfill, incineration, composting, etc.

), where cobalt, nickel, lithium, manganese and other metals and inorganic, organic compounds will cause serious pollution to the atmosphere, water and soil Has great harm. Materials in waste lithium-ion batteries If you enter an ecology, you can cause heavy metal nickel, cobalt contamination (including arsenic), fluorine pollution, organic contamination, dust and acid-based pollution. Electrolytes of waste lithium ion batteries and their transformation products such as LiPF6, LiASF6, LiCF3SO3, HF, P2O5, etc.

, solvents and their analysis and hydrolyzate, such as DME, methanol, formic acid, etc., are toxic and harmful materials, can cause personal injury, even death. The economic value of battery material recycling is that the material regeneration value and energy value re-excavation.

This includes three aspects: 1, after retiring on high-end electrical appliances, still can still meet the needs of some low-end electrical appliances, usually electric toys, energy storage facilities, etc., after recycling, ladder utilization Battery more value, especially for retiring dynamic lithium-ion batteries; 2, even if electrical properties can meet deeper use, the relative rare metals such as Li, CO, Cu, etc., are still regenerated; 3, due to part There is a huge difference in metal reduction energy consumption and metal regeneration energy, such as Al, Ni, Fe, which leads to economic value of metal recovery.

Different types of lithium-ion batteries contain different kinds of metals and proportions, 1 ton of traditional consumption-based cobalt-containing ion batteries corresponding to about 170 kg of cobalt metal, and in terms of copper, aluminum, lithium, mostly similar. Therefore, the overall recovery value of the lithium-cobalt-lithium-ion battery will be greater than the remaining categories, such as lithium phosphate ion batteries and ternary lithium ion batteries. The battery is more than 36% in the cost of the power lithium battery cost.

In the battery cell, the cost of the positive electrode material rich in nickel-cobalt manganese is 45%. At present, the resource recycling process includes two stages of pre-resolution and subsequent solving. Precinding the discharge of the waste lithium ion battery in the saline, remove the outer packaging of the battery, remove the metal steel shell to get the battery.

The battery is composed of a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a diaphragm, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode adheres to the surface of the copper foil, the positive electrode is attached to the surface of the aluminum foil, the diaphragm is an organic polymer; the electrolyte is attached to the surface of the positive, negative electrode, the organcarbonate solution of LiPF6. The subsequent solution is recycled for high-value components in various types of waste after dismantling, carrying out battery material reconstruction or repair, technical measures can be divided into three categories: dry recycling technology, wet recovery technology and biological recovery technology.

The dry recycling technology refers to the medium, and the technical approach to various types of batteries or viable metals are not passed through a medium. Important includes mechanical separation and high temperature heat solution. Dry thermal repair technology can perform high temperature and thermal repair of crude products obtained by dry recovery, but the output, negative electrode material contains certain impurities, and performance cannot meet the requirements of new energy vehicle power lithium batteries, mostly for energy storage or small power.

Lithium battery and other scenes suitable for lithium iron ion battery. Fire mmethurgical, also known as incineration method or dry metallurgy, is the organic binder in the electrode material by high temperature incineration, while the metal and its compound are redox reaction to recover the low boiling medium in condensation. Its compound, the metal in the slag is used to recover, pyrolysis, magnetic alternative or chemical methods, etc.

Fire Metallurgical requires a high component requirements of raw materials, suitable for large-scale solution to more complex batteries, but combustion must be born some exhaust gas pollution environments, and high temperature solutions are also high, but also new purification recycling equipment Wait, the solution is higher. Wet recovery techniques are metastasis, and transfer metal ions from electrode materials to the leaching medium, and then by ion exchange, precipitation, adsorption, etc. Extraction in solution, important include wet metallurgy, chemical extraction, and ion exchange and other methods.

The wet recovery technology has been more complicated, but the technique has a high recovery rate of lithium, cobalt, nickel, and the obtained metal salt, oxide, etc., high purity can achieve the quality of the processing power lithium battery material. Requirements, suitable for three-yuan batteries, is also an important recovery approach used by leading recycling companies at home and abroad.

Biological recovery techniques are important to use microbial leaching, convert the useful components of the system into a soluble compound and selectively dissolve, and achieve the separation of the target component and impurity components, and finally recover lithium, cobalt, nickel. At present, the biological recovery technology is not yet mature, such as the cultivation of high-efficiency strains, the culture cycle is too long, and the control of the leaching conditions remains to be treated. Current recovery efficiency is also relatively mature wet recycling process is increasingly become the mainstream technology route of the specialization solution; Greenmei, Bangu Group and other international leading companies, most of the international leading companies, most of which use wet technology.

Route as an important technology for the recycling of metal resources such as lithium, cobalt, nickel. Wet techniques are re-produced by the cathode material after the price of metal recovery, and the key performance index of the capacity is better than the positive electrode material obtained after the repair of dry technology. With regard to the three-yuan battery, compared to lithium iron phosphate, its battery life is short, and the three-yuan material battery 80% cycle life is only 800-2000 times, and there is a risk of safety, and it is not suitable for energy storage power stations.

Communication base station reserve power supply, etc. use environment complex ladder utilization. However, due to rare metals such as nickel-cobalt manganese, the three-dimensional powered lithium battery can be achieved by dismantling the lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, copper, aluminum, graphite, diaphragm, etc.

Yuan's economic income, with economic feasibility. Take the three-yuan 523 battery as an example, the three-dollar cell nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium content per ton of cobalt, and the uniform recovery rate of nickel, cobalt and manganese in the market can reach more than 95%. Lithium recovery is about 70%, metal lithium, cobalt, electrolyte nickel and electrolytic manganese market price is 900,000 yuan / ton, 480,000 yuan / ton, 100,000 yuan / ton and 17,000 yuan / ton.

Dynamic lithium battery recovery of nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, manganese sulfate, etc. Taking the processing of nickel sulfate as an example, the cost of solving the cost of nickel per ton is less than 40,000 yuan through the waste power lithium battery. Through resource recovery, the cost of obtaining metal raw materials is lower than the cost from mineral development, and the resource recovery of ternary batteries has the meaning of costing.

Considering that the three-yuan battery recycling company is re-selling with sulfate after dismantling the precious metal, the sales price should be lower than the market price of pure metal form, so it is assumed to sell at a rate of 70%, then the ternary battery. The dismantling revenue is 34,000 yuan / ton, so the scale of only three-yuan battery in 2023 is expected to reach 5,41 billion yuan. In terms of cost fees, the cost of recycling of ternary batteries is important by processing cost, various fees and taxes.

Among them, the composition of processing (cost rough estimation) is important: material cost (waste battery, liquid nitrogen, water, acid base reagent, extractant, precipitant, etc.) 20,000 yuan / ton; fuel and power cost (electrical energy, natural gas, gasoline Consumption, etc.) 650 yuan / ton; environmental governance costs (exhaust gas, wastewater purification, waste residue, ash solution) 550 yuan / ton; equipment cost (equipment maintenance fee, depreciation fee) 500 yuan / ton; labor cost (operation, technology, transportation) Personnel and other salary) 400 yuan / ton.

Distributing management costs and sales staff, packaging, etc. Then the dismantling cost of the three-yuan battery is 26,500 yuan / ton. According to the above earnings 34,000 yuan / ton, the disassembly profit is 7,500 yuan / ton, from the above table, it can also be seen that in 2023, the net profit space will exceed 10 Billion.

Through the recovery of raw materials, metal elements such as nickel-cobalt manganese can achieve more than 95% recovery, which is significant. Through resource recovery, nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium salt can be processed, even further outputting a three-dimensional positive electrode material and a precursor, and the pen is straight for the manufacture of lithium ion battery cells, and has a significant meaning of building a chain closed loop.