Eight Policy proposals for recycling of dynamic lithium-ion batteries

Tác giả ：Iflowpower – Nhà cung cấp trạm điện di động

Developing new energy vehicles, is a strategic way to build a strong country in my country. In 2016, my country's new energy vehicle production and sales volume broke 500,000 units, with a total of 1 million vehicles, accounting for 50% of the global new energy auto market, and became the world's largest new energy auto market. In the future, my country's new energy auto market will continue to rise rapidly.

In 2020, the sales volume will reach 2 million, and the total amount is 5 million. The large-scale use of new energy vehicles will cause aggregation of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling problems. According to relevant related experience, my country's operating new energy vehicle power lithium-ion battery scrap cycle is 3-5 years, private passenger car report is 5-8 years.

At present, there have been a group of new energy vehicles promoted before 2012 to enter the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery period. From the perspective of the development of my country's new energy automobile market, my country's new energy vehicle annual production and sales volume is less than 100,000, and the annual sales volume started to break through 300,000 from 2015. This means that since 2018, my country will gradually face the problem of large-scale recycling of power lithium-ion batteries.

In order to ensure the new energy automotive industry can continue to develop, my country should consider and plan to scale from the strategic height, speed up the construction of a dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system. At present, it is a chance to build a dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system. my country is facing a large number of new energy vehicles, the retirement, the recycling utilization rate of the dynamic lithium-ion battery is low and related category of waste dynamic lithium-ion battery needs.

Large problem. If you don't work properly, you will have many adverse effects on my country's new energy automotive industry and economic society. From the perspective of the raised power of the waste dynamic lithium-ion battery, the number of waste-powered lithium-ion batteries in my country will break through 300,000 tons in 2018.

Break through 500,000 tons in 2020. Due to the uncompellent use system of the dynamic lithium-ion battery, my country's power lithium-ion battery recycling is low. According to statistics, the number of annihilated power lithium-ion batteries in 2015 accumulates 20,000 to 40,000 tons, but the corresponding recovery rate is only 2%.

In 2016, the number of recovery of waste dynamic lithium-ion batteries is less than 10,000 tons, less recovery is less than 20%. Dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery rate will bring a series of adverse effects. In terms of resource constraints, if the power lithium-ion battery recycling problem cannot be treated, in 2020, my country's new energy vehicle development will lead to the contradiction between supply and demand of cobalt resources, and even subject to foreign risks.

In terms of an ecological environment, if the power lithium-ion battery recovery remains in the current low level, there will be a large number of waste power lithium-ion batteries into private small workshops or abandonment, bringing huge challenges to the ecological environment. In terms of other aspects, my country's electric bicycle guarantee has exceeded 100 million, and the low-speed electric vehicle guarantee has reached several million, and they rapidly increase the demand for lithium-ion power lithium-ion batteries. If the demand cannot be satisfied, there will be a significant adverse effect on these areas.

The above decomposition declaration, currently a critical opportunity window for my country's construction of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system. In order to break the above problems and risks, there is necessary my country to speed up the construction of a dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system. Problems and obstacles in the current dynamic lithium-ion battery (1) Protecting problems in my country's dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling in recent years, the driving of new energy automotive industries and the promotion of national support policies, my country's new energy vehicle power lithium Improvement of ion battery recycling system.

However, due to the unsuccessful power lithium-ion battery recycling technology, the recovery network is not perfect, the support system is not perfect, the inner business model is inadequate, my country's power lithium-ion battery recycling system is not mature, the recycling cost is high, the efficiency is low. Outstanding problems. 1.

Industrialized technology is not mature industrialization key technologies, dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling front end needs to be treated with dynamic lithium ion battery retirement judgment standards and test technology, can be operated using battery residual value assessment technology, automatic demolition of monomer batteries Solution and material sorting technology lack. Dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling technology, some power lithium-ion battery recycling companies take manual disassembly technology and traditional recycling process, handling bad disassembly and recycling environmental issues and security issues. Dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling equipment, due to the irregular equipment, no standardization, no large-scale processing, high cost.

2. Recycling network is not perfect recycling network is a desired part of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system. However, due to the less powerful lithium-ion battery recycling company, the participation is small, the recycling channel is not perfect, etc.

, my country's power lithium ion Battery recycling and utilization network is not perfect. First, the power lithium-ion battery recycling company is less. At present, my country has formed some specialized power lithium-ion battery recycling companies, such as Guangdong Bangpu, Shenzhen Greenmei, Jiangxi, the Qi Feng Lithium Industry, but quantity.

The ladder use, the national power grid, my country Electric Academy and other institutions actively promote the use of the dynamic lithium-ion battery, but the technology is still not mature enough, and the large-scale promotion needs time. Second, the power lithium-ion battery recycling channel is not smooth. As the power lithium-ion battery has a large scale of scrap failure, more and more new entrants start layout power lithium-ion battery recycling.

However, due to the main leading company of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recovery, the local government, the national power grid, and the bus company have their own politics, the power lithium-ion battery recycling company and the new entrant have not formed together. It also leads to the uncomfortable channel of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling, not smooth. 3.

The support system is not perfect, my country's driving lithium-ion battery recycling is not well. This is not only manifested as the imperfection of the relevant management specifications and standard systems of the power lithium-ion battery recycling company, but also manifested as a non-permanent support for the research and development of the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling technology. Due to the management specifications of the power lithium-ion battery recycling company, the industry management is messy, and some irregular small workshops have undertaken the role of recycling main body.

Because these small workshops do not have relevant qualifications, there is generally there in safety hazards and environmental risks. Some core links, management specifications and support policies in the recycling of dynamic lithium-ion batteries, have a clear restriction on recycling. For example, retired dynamic lithium ion battery storage and transportation lacks necessary specifications, easy to cause environmental problems and safety risks due to storage and transportation; dynamic lithium ion battery recycling and utilization industrialization technology research, especially R <000000> D lacks necessary support; and, the company has lacks the necessary fiscal and tax incentives for power lithium-ion battery recycling, which also leads to some low-residual or non-residual power lithium-ion batteries unmanned.

4. Commercial model innovation is increasingly eager to recycle with dynamic lithium-ion battery, some new energy automotive companies, power lithium-ion batteries, scrapped car dismantling companies, battery material companies have participating in power lithium-ion battery recycling Willingness. Although these companies have some resources, they cannot form a clear business model due to lack of business model innovation.

In addition, due to low-speed electric vehicles, electric bicycles, energy storage and other categories have not fully released, new energy automotive companies and power lithium-ion batteries have not yet opened BMS data to power lithium-ion battery recycling, business model innovation Resource integration and cross-border coordination difficult to implement. (2) my country's existing dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling is decomposed by the decomposition statement, my country's powerful lithium-ion battery recycling industrialization is not mature, recycling network construction lag, support policy and supervision measures, business model innovation, lack of innovation, etc. Highlight, this leads to the uncomfortable system of my country's dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system.

Due to the uncompellent use system of the power lithium-ion battery, my country's power lithium-ion battery recycling is low, uneconomical, and there is safety hazard and environmental risks. 1. Recycling efficiency is low recycling system uncomfortable, resulting in a desirable reason for recycling efficiency.

In detail, the original affected by the recycling efficiency of the dynamic lithium-ion battery has the following aspects: First, there is a wide variety of power lithium-ion batteries, the difference in power lithium-ion battery dismantling process is large, plus power lithium ion battery assessment, dismantling And sorting and other technologies are immature, leading to the low efficiency of my country's dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling. Secondly, due to the un maturity of the dynamic lithium ion battery, the powerful lithium-ion battery recycling company is difficult to obtain the resources of the new energy automobile company, the powerful lithium-ion battery company, etc., and it is difficult to form cross-border collaboration with the category of energy storage.

Finally, consumers and related companies have little enthusiasm, resulting in low power lithium-ion battery recycling efficiency. 2. Recycling is not economical and recycled, and the recycling technology is not mature, there is no factor such as large-scale production, my country's powered lithium-ion battery recycling is uncomfortable.

First, since the power lithium-ion battery recovery process is cumbersome, the recycling cost is high. Due to the large variety of dynamic lithium-ion batteries, the dismantling and sorting process is complex, the complex recovery process is complex, and the second group design cost and production cost is significantly added. Secondly, the technique of recycling of dynamic lithium-ion batteries is immature, which also leads to a tight source that causes recycling.

For example, using traditional processes of power lithium-ion battery recycling company, recycling 1 ton of waste phosphate lithium-powered lithium-ion battery will lose 430 yuan. Finally, the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling has not yet formed a scale effect. At present, my country's new energy vehicle dynamic lithium-ion battery scrap recovery has not been largely explosive, leading to a small amount of recovery of dynamic lithium-ion battery, which further leads to power-based lithium-ion battery recycling and use companies.

3. Recycling existence of safety hazard new energy vehicle power lithium-ion battery is large, high energy density, and the corresponding power lithium ion battery recycling process is long, the process is complex, and under the conditions of the current dynamic lithium ion battery recycling system, Easy to have security hazards. For example, due to the assessment of waste dynamic lithium ion batteries, sorting and other technologies are immature, the consistency of the dynamic lithium ion battery monomer cannot be guaranteed, resulting in extremely easy to use the retired dynamic lithium ion battery for steps in repeated charge and discharge.

There is a battery short circuit overheating, causing the combustion of the electrolyte or even exploding. In addition, due to the unstable state of the waste dynamic lithium ion battery, if there is no reasonable package and safety solve during transport, it is possible to cause short circuit, fire, and even explosion. 4.

Recycling has the imperfect system of environmental risk power recycling system, and it is also easy to cause ecological environmental risks. For example, some retired dynamic lithium-ion battery consumption products flow into the market, separated from relatively strict dynamic lithium-ion battery regulatory systems, and cannot receive effective recovery. More seriously, the lithium-ion battery electrolyte is greatly corrosive as electrolyte, and there is a highly poisonous gas such as HF, and if they are discarded, it will bring severe pollution.

Colleagues, many traditional scrapped car dismantling companies undertake the dismantling of waste power lithium-ion battery. Since they have no professional power lithium-ion battery storage, management means is relatively extensive, and their storage venues are often designed for storage of general automotive disassembling components. After dismantling the product, they have a large environmental hidden danger.

The policy proposal for China's dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system, my country's power lithium-ion battery recycling system has made a certain progress, but due to the incompatibility of industrialization technology is immature, the recycling network is not perfect, the management measures are not perfect, support policy is not in place , Commercial model innovation, etc. In order to implement the strategy of car strong country, accelerate the transformation of automobile industries and achieve new energy automotive industries can continue to develop, my country must continue to recycle from strategic high layout dynamic lithium-ion battery, guarantee high-volume power lithium-ion battery recycling. In order to accelerate the construction of powerful lithium-ion battery recycling system, my country must do the following aspects: 1.

Do a good job in the top-level coordination and design from the strategic height layout dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system, the primary work is to do top design. To this end, the state needs to develop a special power lithium-ion battery recycling command, clarify the development direction of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling, determining power lithium-ion battery recycling technology R <000000> D, recycling network construction, business model innovation, support system construction Mission, deploying central departments and local government work arrangements. Lead by the State Council, relying on energy conservation and new energy automotive industry development inter-joint meeting system, enhanced department synergy, strengthen the command and supervision of local governments, and summarize the successful related experience and effective practices of promoting dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling.

Major conditions report to the State Council. 2. Enhance the industrialization technology to increase the standard and test technology of the dynamic lithium-ion battery decommissioning judgment standard and test technology, can be scratched by battery residual value assessment technology, automatic dismantling and material sorting technology of the unitary battery and other key common technologies.

Encourage the use of new technologies, new process research, and to maximize the various types of various types in waste dynamic lithium-ion batteries by improving recycling techniques, and to minimize the various elements in the waste power lithium ion battery, minimizing subsequent While polluting, obtain high value-added recovery materials. Development is more likely to realize the recycling technology of batch solution, continuously improve the original recycling technology and process level. Promoting power lithium-ion battery recycling key equipment standardization, scale, and upgrading equipment automation level.

Increase the innovation of processing, control and test equipment, promote the construction of industry chain engineering skills. 3. Improve the recycling network to build a powerful lithium-ion battery recycling company as the main body, new energy automobile company, dynamic lithium-ion battery company, energy storage and other subjects involved in the recycling network.

Encourage powerful lithium-ion battery recycling, ladder use new company development, support powerful powered lithium-ion battery recycling company and new energy automotive company, dynamic lithium-ion battery companies, etc. to carry out recycling network construction. Enhance coordination collaboration, effective integration resources, speed up the powerful lithium-ion battery recycling company, new energy automobile distribution network, power lithium-ion battery recycling site and scrapped car dismantling company as the main body, new energy car company, power lithium ion battery The company, the main body of the energy storage body and the local government, the active lithium-ion battery recycling network.

4. Innovative Business Model Construction of Power Lithium Ion Battery Recycling Co., Ltd.

, Is the necessary way to promote the recycling of dynamic lithium ion batteries and powerful guarantees. Encouraging high technology level, strong innovation capabilities, power lithium-ion battery recycling, company and powerful new energy automotive company, powerful lithium-ion battery companies, etc. And get the participants of the business model.

Encourage business model innovation subjects to enhance power lithium-ion battery recycling capacity by adopting new technologies and fused emerging technologies. Accelerate the impairment of institutional mechanisms to integrate resources for business model innovation, encourage more social resources to participate in dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling business model innovation. 5.

Carry out the pilot demonstration to carry out the pilot demonstration of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling, with the pilot demonstration to speed up the construction of the power lithium-ion battery recycling system. Select new energy vehicles to develop the focus area and power lithium-ion battery recycling based on better cities, actively carry out the pilot demonstration of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling. Guide pilot regions accelerate the improvement of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling management specifications and support policies, actively carry out innovation in business model, speed up powerful lithium-ion battery recycling network construction.

Summary Power Lithium Ion Battery Recycling Pilot Demonstration Related Experience. 6. Improve the support system to make dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling support policy, improve recycling management measures, and gradually improve the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling support system.

Research issued a targeted support policy to enhance the excitation of the driving lithium-ion battery recovery. Combined with national key R <000000> D plans and other research and development projects, focus on key technologies of power-based lithium-ion battery recycling and utilization industrialization, recycling key equipment R <000000> D, support for dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling new technology, new process research and development. Establish a reward fund to reward the dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling of demonstration effect.

Exploring the establishment of a powerful lithium-ion battery recycling and use deposit system, an excitation of the new energy vehicle consumers and automobile scrap disassembly companies. Develop fiscal support policies, give tax incentives on dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling companies, subsidize low-residential dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling. Establish a dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling and use a public service platform to improve the evaluation mechanism and pricing mechanism of waste dynamic lithium-ion battery, and establish a waste-use market for useful powered lithium-ion battery.

Improve the relevant standards and management specifications of the recycling of power lithium-ion battery, and improve the recycling management measures. The process of issuing the dynamic lithium-ion battery management, further clarify the main body of the power lithium-ion battery recycling and use the powerful lithium-ion battery recovery company qualification certification. Accelerate the dynamic lithium-ion battery classification, packaging, transportation, storage, step utilization, etc.

Strengthening the management of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling standards, relevant recycling processes, violations of environmental protection and security issues, severe punishment. 7. Combine emerging technology integration Internet, big data, Internet of Things and other emerging technologies, improve the quality and efficiency of dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling.

Using large data, etc., improve the evaluation and sorting efficiency of waste dynamic lithium-ion battery, strengthen classification, packaging, transportation, storage, step utilization and other links. Enhance new generation of information technology in powerful lithium-ion battery full lifecycle, combined with new energy vehicles and power lithium-ion batteries, dynamic lithium-ion battery sorting and dismantling company, ladder use company, etc.

Establish, realize the traceability management system for waste dynamic lithium ion batteries. 8. Enhanced financing support to encourage the use of social capital to establish a special fund for the recycling and utilization of powerful lithium-ion batteries, through PPP, etc.

Encourage financial institutions to continue the financial products and insurance varieties, comprehensive use of risk compensation, and improve financial services systems. Promote equity, project income right, franchise, etc. Financing channel.

my country's dynamic lithium-ion battery recycling system has made a certain progress, but due to the incompatation and utilization industrialization technology is not mature, the recycling network is not perfect, the management measures are not perfect, support policy is not in place, and the commercial model innovation is lacking, my country's powered lithium-ion battery Recycling is low, uneconomical, safety hazards, and environmental risk eruptions may not meet high-volume powerful lithium-ion battery recycling needs. In order to implement the strategy of car strong country, accelerate the transformation of automobile industries and achieve new energy automotive industries can continue to develop, my country must continue to recycle from strategic high layout dynamic lithium-ion battery, guarantee high-volume power lithium-ion battery recycling. .