Iklasi ye-DC eqhelekileyo elawula unikezelo lwamandla kunye nendlela yokhetho

ଲେଖକ: ଆଇଫ୍ଲୋପାୱାର - Dobavljač prijenosnih elektrana

Inkqubela phambili yoluntu ayinakwahlulwa kuzo zonke iinkalo zobomi, kwaye ukuhlaziywa kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki akuyi kuvula imizamo yomyili wethu. Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi abayi kuqonda ukubunjwa kweemveliso ze-elektroniki, ezifana ne-DC. Ukunikezwa Amandla.

Unikezelo lwamandla oluzinzile luneendlela ezininzi zokuhlela. Ngokohlobo lonikezelo lwamandla ombane, kukho unikezelo lwamandla ombane wolawulo lwe-DC kunye nonikezelo lwamandla olawulo lwe-AC. Ngokwendlela yoqhagamshelo lwesekethe yomlawuli kunye nonikezelo lombane olulawulwa ngumthwalo we-DC, lunokwahlulwa lube luchungechunge lwamandla kunye nonikezelo lwamandla oluhambelanayo.

Ngokwemeko yokusebenza kombhobho wohlengahlengiso, kukho ulungelelwaniso lomgca wonikezelo lwamandla kunye nokutshintsha ukulungelelanisa ukunikezelwa kwamandla. Ngokohlobo lwesekethe, kukho umbane olula olawulwayo wombane kunye nonikezelo lwamandla olawulo lwempendulo, njl. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlela zihlala zenza abaqalayo bazive bedidekile kwaye bafuna ukwazi ukuba baqale phi.

Enyanisweni, kufuneka kuthiwe ezi ndlela zokuhlela ezibonakala zihlukeneyo zineendlela ezithile zokulungelelanisa, nje ukuba olu lungelelaniso lucacisiwe, uhlobo lokunikezelwa kwamandla lunokusasazwa ngokwemvelo. Ekubeni sithetha ngohlelo lwamandla alawulwayo, kufuneka siqale siqonde imveliso yonikezelo lwamandla yimveliso yeDC okanye umbane otshintshanayo. Ngale ndlela, uluhlu lokuqala lwaphuma.

Okokuqala, kufuneka uhlele ngokohlobo lwemveliso yobonelelo lwamandla. Uluhlu olulandelayo luyingxaki ngakumbi. Ngaba ihlelwa ngokwesimo sokusebenza somlawuli wesiphaluka kunye nendlela yokudibanisa umthwalo okanye isilungisi? Enyanisweni, ukuba uyasiqonda isixhobo sombane esisijikelezileyo, kuya kubakho iiyantlukwano ezimbini kwisicelo sombane esizinzileyo.

Uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo zombane ezilawulwa ngomda, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zombane ezilula, ezinje ngonomathotholo, izithethi ezincinci, njl.njl.; enye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo zombane ezintsonkothileyo, njengezikrini ezinkulu Umbala weTV, i-microcomputer, njl. Ngale ndlela, sinokuhlela inqanaba lesibini ngokwemeko yokusebenza kombhobho wohlengahlengiso.

Iklasi yesithathu elandelayo ihlelwa ngokwesekethe yomlawuli kunye nemodi yokudibanisa umthwalo. Ekubeni iimpawu zeendidi zeesekethe ezahlukeneyo zinkulu kakhulu, ulwahlulo olongezelelweyo alulula ngokubanzi, kwaye kufuneka luhlelwe ngokweempawu zeklasi nganye. Unikezelo lwamandla ombane wolawulo lwe-DC lunokwahlulwa lube lunikezelo lwamandla ekhemikhali, umbane olungelelanisiweyo ozinzileyo kwaye utshintshe uhlobo lombane oluzinzileyo, oluneentlobo ezahlukeneyo: unikezelo lwamandla emichiza sikholisa ukusebenzisa iibhetri ezomileyo, iibhetri ze-lead-acid, i-nickel-cadmium, i-nickel-hydrogen, i-ion ze-lithium Ibhetri yeyoku, nganye ineenzuzo zayo.

Ngophuhliso lwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, iibhetri ezihlakaniphile zenziwe. Ngokubhekiselele kwizixhobo zebhetri ezinokutshajwa kwakhona, abaphuhlisi base-US bafumene iodide yemanganese, imanganese ukuba isetyenziswe ngexabiso eliphantsi, icwecwe, ixesha lokukhupha kunye nokugcina ukusebenza emva kokutshaja okuninzi. Ibhetri ehlaziyiweyo ehambelana nokusingqongileyo.

Olunye uphawu oluqhelekileyo lonikezelo lwamandla olulawulweyo olulawulweyo lunikezelo lwamandla ombane olawula isixhobo salo samandla ityhubhu yokulawula kwindawo emgceni, ixhomekeke ekuthotyweni koxinzelelo phakathi kwetyhubhu yokulawula ukuzinzisa imveliso. Ekubeni ilahleko ye-electrostatic yombhobho wohlengahlengiso inkulu, kuyimfuneko ukufakela isitya esikhulu sokushisa ukutshisa. Ngaphezu koko, ekubeni i-transformer isebenza kwi-frequency yamandla (50 Hz), ubunzima bukhulu kakhulu.

Iingenelo zolu nikezelo lwamandla luzinzo oluphezulu, i-ripple encinci, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kulula ukwenza i-multi-channel, kunye nemveliso ezinzileyo. Ukungalungi kukuba inkulu, inzima kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi. Olu nikezelo lwamandla luzinzile luneentlobo ezininzi.

Ukusuka kwindalo ephumayo, inokwahlulwa ibe lunikezelo lombane olulawulwayo kunye nonikezelo lwamandla lwangoku oluzinzileyo, kunye nokuzinza kwamandla ombane kunye nombane ongaguqukiyo (ombini ozinzileyo) odityaniswe nokuzinza kwamandla ombane kunye nokuhamba okuzinzileyo kobume. Ngokwexabiso lemveliso, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-fixed-point output power supply, uhlengahlengiso lokutshintsha ibhendi kunye nohlobo lohlengahlengiso oluqhubekayo lwe-potentiometer. Ukususela kwimiyalelo yemveliso inokwahlulwa ibe luhlobo lwesalathisi kunye nohlobo lokubonisa idijithali, njl.

Unikezelo lwamandla ombane olutshintshayo lwe-DC kunye nonikezelo lombane oluzinzileyo luzinzile ezahlukeneyo zombane ezizinzileyo zokutshintsha-uhlobo lonikezelo lombane lokuzinzisa lwe-DC. Uhlobo lwalo lwesekethe lubalulekile kubandakanywa ukubhabha okukuphela kweyodwa, i-single-end, i-half-bridge, i-push-pull kunye nebhuloho epheleleyo. Ngumahluko osisiseko phakathi konikezelo lwamandla ombane ukuba isitshintshi saso singasebenzi kumaza okusebenza, kodwa sisebenza kumashumi ambalwa ekhilohertz ukuya kwiimegabottome ezininzi.

Umbhobho wokusebenza awusebenzi kwindawo yokuhluthwa kunye ne-cutoff (oko kukuthi, i-switch state); unikezelo lwamandla okutshintsha luthiywe. Inzuzo yokutshintshwa kwamandla amancinci, ubunzima obulula, obuzinzile kwaye buthembekile; i-disadvantage kukuba i-ripple inkulu kune-linear power supply (ngokuqhelekileyo ≤1% Vo (PP), i-ripple enhle ingadlula i-10mV (PP) okanye ngaphantsi). Uluhlu lwamandla alo lunokuba ukusuka kwiiwatts ezimbalwa ukuya kumawaka eethayile.

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