Dynamic lithium battery welding method and process introduction

2022/04/08

Onye edemede: Iflowpower-Onye na-ebubata ọdụ ọkụ nwere ike ibugharị

Usoro ịgbado ọkụ lithium batrị dị egwu yana nhọrọ nke ezi uche dị na ya ga-emetụta ọnụ ahịa, ịdịmma, nchekwa na nkwụsi ike batrị nke batrị. Na-esote, hazie ọdịnaya nke ịgbado ọkụ batrị lithium ike. 1 Laser ịgbado ọkụ ụkpụrụ Laser ịgbado ọkụ bụ na-arụ ọrụ site e ji mara nke laser doo magburu onwe ntụziaka na elu ike njupụta, na laser doo na-elekwasị anya na a obere ebe site ngwa anya usoro, na weld na-guzobere na a nnọọ obere oge.

Ebe okpomọkụ gbadoro anya nke ukwuu, nke agbazere wee mepụta nkwonkwo na weld siri ike. 2 Laser ịgbado ọkụ ụdị thermally conductive ịgbado ọkụ na miri gadding laser ike njupụta bụ 105 ka 106 w / cm2 na-etolite laser okpomọkụ nnyefe ịgbado ọkụ, laser ike njupụta bụ 105 ~ 106W / cm2 na-etolite laser miri mgbado ọkụ, ịgbado ọkụ, ịgbado ọkụ, ịgbado ọkụ, njikọ. ibe Enweghị ịkụ ọkpọ, nhazi dị mfe. Igwe ịgbado ọkụ laser nwere nnukwu ike ịgbado ọkụ.

Omimi gbazere agbaze dị ala karịa èbè nke soldering, ntụkwasị obi na-agbanwekwa. A na-eresị ọwa mmiri, ọ bụ naanị welder laser dị obere. Na agbaze nke onuete ịgbado ọkụ dị elu karịa penetrating gbazee miri emi, na a pụrụ ịdabere bụ dịtụ mma.

Mana mpempe njikọ ahụ kwesịrị ịkụ ọkpọ, na nhazi ahụ siri ike. Mgbado ọkụ Pulse na Welding na-aga n'ihu 1) Ọnọdụ Pulse Welding laser welding kwesịrị ịhọrọ maka ụdị ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ụdị pulse waveforms, spikes, bispanoids, wdg, ngosipụta nke alloy aluminum dị oke elu, mgbe nnukwu ike laser A na-agbapụ ọkụ ahụ. elu nke ihe onwunwe, na metal elu ga-enwe 60% -98% laser ume ọnwụ n'ihi na-atụgharị uche, na echiche dịgasị iche iche na elu okpomọkụ.

Aluminom alloy na-agbadokarị, ebili mmiri a kapịrị ọnụ na ebili mmiri bisproof ka ahọpụtara nke ọma. The welding waveform bụ ogologo na sedimenti dị ogologo, na omume nke ikuku oghere na cracks nwere ike n'ụzọ dị irè belata. Ihe nlere ịgbado ọkụ laser pulsed N'ihi ịdị elu nke laser ahụ, iji gbochie nhụsianya kwụ ọtọ nke eriri laser ahụ, ọkụ laser mebiri emebi, a na-atụgharịkwa isi ịgbado ọkụ n'otu akụkụ n'oge usoro ịgbado ọkụ.

The dayameta nke solder nkwonkwo dayameta na irè adịgide adịgide elu na-abawanye na laser ọchịchọ angle, mgbe laser tilt angle bụ 40, kacha solder nkwonkwo na irè Nchikota elu na-enweta. The solder nkwonkwo gbazee miri na irè gbazee miri na laser ọchịchọ n'akuku, mgbe ọ bụ ukwuu karịa 60, ya irè soldering gbazee miri na-ebelata ka efu. Ya mere, tilt ịgbado ọkụ a ụfọdụ akụkụ, nwere ike tinye weld gbazee miri na gbazee.

Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, na weld, weld bụ oke, na a na-achọ mkpuchi mkpuchi laser weld, 35% nke ụlọ nwere ike ịgbanye, nke nwere ike ibelata ọkụ nke nsogbu ahụ kpatara. 2) Ogologo oge ịgbado ọkụ na-aga n'ihu laser ịgbado ọkụ n'ihi na ya okpomọkụ-n'ike mmụọ nsọ usoro adịghị ọkụ dị ka pulse igwe, mgbape ọchịchọ bụ nnọọ doro anya, iji melite àgwà nke weld, na-aga n'ihu laser na-welded, na weld. elu dị ire ụtọ, ọ dịghị mkpasa, enweghị ntụpọ, ọ dịghị mgbawa a hụrụ n'ime weld. N'ihe gbasara ịgbado ọkụ nke aluminum alloys, uru nke lasers na-aga n'ihu doro anya.

E jiri ya tụnyere usoro ịgbado ọkụ ọdịnala, nrụpụta mmepụta dị elu, na-enweghị njuputa; ọ nwere ike dozie ntụpọ ha na ịgbado ọkụ ma e jiri ya tụnyere pulsed laser solders, dị ka cracks, Pore, splash, wdg, iji hụ na aluminum alloy nwere ezi n'ibu Njirimara mgbe ịgbado ọkụ; ịgbado ọkụ adịghị ada mbà n'obi, ego nke polishing mgbe ịgbado ọkụ na-ebelata, na mmepụta na-eri na-azọpụta, ma n'ihi na ntụpọ nke laser na-aga n'ihu dị obere, mgbakọ ziri ezi nke workpiece bụ High ina. Ihe nlele ịgbado ọkụ laser na-aga n'ihu dị na ịgbado ọkụ batrị lithium ike, ndị na-ahụ maka ịgbado ọkụ ga-ahọrọ lasers dabara adaba na usoro ịgbado ọkụ dị ka ihe batrị ndị ahịa si dị, ọdịdị, ọkpụrụkpụ, ihe ndị chọrọ esemokwu, wdg.

, Gụnyere ịgbado ọkụ na-agba, waveform, ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu, ịgbado ọkụ n'isi tilt n'akuku. Chere ka ihe ezi uche ịgbado ọkụ usoro kwa iji hụ na ndị ikpeazụ ịgbado ọkụ mmetụta na-ezukọ na chọrọ nke ike lithium batrị emeputa. 3 The ike ịta nke laser ịgbado ọkụ uru, elu ịgbado ọkụ arụmọrụ, elu nhazi ziri ezi, ịgbado ọkụ bụ dum karịa nnukwu.

The laser doo na-adị mfe lekwasịrị anya, kwekọọ na-eduzi ngwa anya ngwá, na pụrụ enịm ke nnennen anya nke unwaffement, na ike-n'ihu eduzi n'etiti eletrik ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi gburugburu workpiece, na ndị ọzọ na ịgbado ọkụ ụzọ enweghị ike egwuri site n'elu-e kwuru ohere ịgba. Obere thermal input, obere thermal mmetụta ebe, workpiece mmapụta nchegbu na deformation; ịgbado ọkụ ume nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-achịkwa, ịgbado ọkụ mmetụta dị mụ, ịgbado ọkụ ahụ; ndị na-abụghị na kọntaktị ịgbado ọkụ, ngwa anya eriri nnyefe, mma accessibility, elu ogo akpaaka. Mgbe ịgbado ọkụ mkpa ihe ma ọ bụ ezi ụzọ ụkwụ, ọ dịghị mfe nwere a isi dị ka aak ịgbado ọkụ.

N'ihi na batrị nke ike lithium batrị-na-eji na ìhè aluminum ihe, ọ na-emekarị mere, na n'ozuzu, na cover, na ala a chọrọ iru 1.0mm ma ọ bụ na-erughị, na mainstream emeputa bụ ugbu a isi. Ọkpụrụkpụ bụ na gburugburu 0.

8mm. Ọ nwere ike na-enye elu-ike ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche ihe onwunwe portfolios, karịsịa mgbe e ji ọla kọpa ihe onwunwe na-welded n'etiti ọla kọpa ihe onwunwe na ịgbado ọkụ n'etiti aluminum ihe onwunwe bụ ihe dị irè. Nke a bụkwa naanị Usoro nke nwere ike soldered ka ọla kọpa ihe na a ọla kọpa ihe onwunwe.

4 Laser ịgbado ọkụ technology bụ ike ihe, na batrị bụrụ na nke aluminum alloy ihe akụkọ ihe karịrị 90% nke dum Powertrain batrị. The ike nke ya ịgbado ọkụ bụ na aluminum alloy bụ oké elu na reflectance nke laser, na ụfọdụ nsogbu ntụpọ ndị chọrọ nlezianya n'oge ịgbado ọkụ usoro, na ụfọdụ nsogbu nwere ike ime mgbe ịgbado ọkụ ga-egbochi ya. Ihe kacha mkpa bụ na pores, kwes cracks na oku.

N'oge laser ịgbado ọkụ usoro nke aluminum alloy, e nwere otu ihe dị mkpa ụdị ikuku oghere. Ọ dị mkpa ka nwere abụọ ige: hydrogen oghere na egosipụta. Ebe ọ bụ na obi jụrụ ọsọ nke laser ịgbado ọkụ bụ kwa ngwa ngwa, ndị hydrogen oghere nsogbu bụ ihe siri ike, e nwekwara a onu laser ịgbado ọkụ, a onu nke ọdịda nke obere oghere na-adị.

Hot cracking nsogbu. Aluminum metal metal bụ ewekarị thermal cracks mgbe ịgbado ọkụ, gụnyere Weld crystallization cracks na Haz gasị cracks, n'ihi na segregation nke Weld mpaghara, na ọka ókè, na nchegbu were gasị cracks na-guzobere na ọka ókè, na-ebelata arụmọrụ nke welded nkwonkwo. Eghe ọkụ (a makwaara dị ka ikwommiri).

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-eme ka ọkụ, dị ka ịdị ọcha nke ihe onwunwe, na-adị ọcha nke ihe onwunwe ya, na ihe onwunwe ya, wdg, na bụrụkwa na ojiji bụ nkwụsi ike nke laser. Housing n'elu ntule, ikuku onu, esịtidem afụ.

Ihe kpatara ya bụ na ọ dị mkpa na eriri isi n'obosara bụ oke obere ma ọ bụ na laser ume atọrọ kwa elu. Ọ bụghị ụfọdụ laser ngwá suppliers, mma doo quality, mma ịgbado ọkụ mmetụta, na àgwà nke doo adabara a miri-ibu karịrị ịgbado ọkụ. Ịchọta nri usoro kwa bụ emeri ụzọ dozie nsogbu.

Isi ike ndị ọzọ soft bag jel ịgbado ọkụ, ihe ndị a chọrọ maka ịgbado ọkụ ngwaọrụ, ga-pịa na oké ntị iji hụ na ịgbado ọkụ ọdịiche. Akwa-agba ịgbado ọkụ nke mgbagwoju trajectories dị ka S-ekara, gburugburu, na mụbaa, ịgbado ọkụ ike mgbe amụba Weld nkwonkwo. Ịgbado ọkụ nke cylindrical cell dị mkpa ka ịgbado ọkụ nke mma electrode, n'ihi na na-ezighị ezi electrode ụlọ bụ na mkpa, ọ dị mfe Weld.

Ihe atụ, ụfọdụ ndị na-adịghị mma electrode n'ọrụ site emeputa, mma electrode na-eji maka laser ịgbado ọkụ. Mgbe square batrị welded, osisi kọlụm ma ọ bụ ihe jikọtara ibe bụ mmeru. Mgbe ịgbado ọkụ na film, na mmetọ a na-akadiahade, nke dị mfe na-etolite a ịgbado ọkụ mgbe, na-eme a oghere; osisi kọlụm bụ na mkpa, na ala plastic ma ọ bụ seramiiki bughi mmiri, mfe Weld Tinye on.

Mgbe ogidi bụ obere, ọ dịkwa mfe Weld ka plastic ọkụ, akpụ ihe mgbawa isi. Unu na-eji multi-oyi akwa njikọ, e nwere a pore n'etiti n'ígwé, dịghị mfe Weld. The kasị mkpa usoro nke ịgbado ọkụ usoro nke square batrị bụ ngwugwu nke shei cover, na ịgbado ọkụ nke n'elu cover na ala cover dị ka ọnọdụ nke ọnọdụ.

Ụfọdụ batrị emepụta iji na mmepụta nke batrị shei n'ihi na mmepụta nke batrị, na nanị n'elu cover ịgbado ọkụ a chọrọ. Square ike lithium batrị n'akụkụ ịgbado ọkụ sample square batrị ịgbado ọkụ usoro dị mkpa n'akụkụ ịgbado ọkụ na n'elu ịgbado ọkụ, ebe mkpa uru nke mpụta ịgbado ọkụ bụ nta, na-efesa anaghị mfe ịbanye n'ime shei cover. Ebe ọ bụ na ịgbado ọkụ nwere ike ịkpata a ntule, nke a ga-enwe ụfọdụ microveliven mmetụta na nzukọ ụdi Filiks, otú ahụ n'akụkụ ịgbado ọkụ usoro bụ oké elu maka nkwụsi ike nke laser.

The top ịgbado ọkụ usoro bụ dịtụ ala maka ịgbado ọkụ ngwá mwekota n'ihi ịgbado ọkụ, na e nwere abụọ ọjọọ ebe. High nhazi chọrọ ga-eme ka na-eri nsogbu. 5 ịgbado ọkụ quality akpali ihe Laser ịgbado ọkụ bụ ihe dị mkpa usoro nke elu-ọgwụgwụ batrị ịgbado ọkụ.

Laser ịgbado ọkụ bụ a elu ume ùkwù laser irradiation workpiece, nke mere na-arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ adahade sharply, na workpiece na-gbazee na reconnected na-etolite a na-adịgide adịgide njikọ. The shiee ike na dọkatụrụ adọka ike nke laser ịgbado ọkụ dị mma. Battery ịgbado ọkụ dị mma ma ọ bụ ihe ọjọọ nke conductivity, ike, airtightness, metal ike ọgwụgwụ, na corrosion eguzogide bụ a typical ịgbado ọkụ quality nwale ibiere.

Ọtụtụ ihe na-emetụta laser ịgbado ọkụ mma. Ụfọdụ n'ime ndị a dị mfe fluctuations nwere bukwanu akwusighi. Otú kwesịrị ekwesị ka na na-ejikwa ndị a kwa, ikwe ka ọ na-achịkwa na a kwesịrị ekwesị nso n'oge elu-ọsọ laser ịgbado ọkụ iji hụ ịgbado ọkụ mma.

The pụrụ ịdabere na nkwụsi ike nke Weld guzobere bụ ihe dị mkpa nke na-metụtara laser ịgbado ọkụ usoro na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Mkpa ihe na-emetụta laser ịgbado ọkụ quality na-ekewa n'ime ịgbado ọkụ ngwá, workpiece ọnọdụ na usoro kwa. 1) ịgbado ọkụ akụrụngwa bụ ihe kasị mkpa ka àgwà chọrọ nke laser bụ doo mode na mmepụta ike ya na kwụsie ike.

The doo mode bụ ihe dị mkpa egosi na doo àgwà. The ala doo mode nzọụkwụ, mma ìhè doo anya arụmọrụ, ndị nta na ntụpọ, ndị dị elu nke ike njupụta n'otu laser ike, na ibu na Weld bụ dum. N'ozuzu na-achọ isi mode (TEM00) ma ọ bụ ala iji, ma ọ bụ ike izute chọrọ nke elu àgwà laser ịgbado ọkụ.

Ugbu a, anụ ụlọ lasers na-eji laser ịgbado ọkụ na okwu nke doo àgwà na ike mmepụta kwụsie ike. Site a mba ọzọ ọnọdụ, okporo osisi àgwà na mmepụta ike kwụsie ike nke laser bụ nnọọ elu, nke na-agaghị na-a nsogbu na laser ịgbado ọkụ. The adotara àgwà nke ịgbado ọkụ quality na-elekwasị anya na-elekwasị anya n'enyo, na Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe ogologo eji bụ n'ozuzu n'etiti 127 mm (5in) 200 mm (7.

9). The Baịbụl hiwere isi n'ebe ogologo bụ obere iji belata wicher dayameta nke na-elekwasị anya doo, ma kwa na obere dị mfe Weld. Mmetọ na ikwommiri mmebi n'oge usoro.

The mkpumkpu na wavelength, na elu na absorption ọnụego; izugbe conductive ihe onwunwe dị elu, ndị reflectance dị elu, na reflectivity nke YAG laser bụ 96%, aluminum bụ 92%, ọla kọpa 90%, ígwè 60%. The elu okpomọkụ, dị elu nke absorption ọnụego, na linear mmekọrịta; n'ozuzu n'elu phosphite, carbon nwa, graphite, wdg nwere ike melite absorption ọnụego.

2) Workpiece ọnọdụ laser ịgbado ọkụ na-achọ nhazi nke ihu workpiece, na-onwem na elu kpọmkwem, ntụpọ ahụ, Weld bụ nditịm ụzọ, na mbụ nzukọ ziri ezi nke workpiece na ntụpọ na-na ịgbado ọkụ usoro ike ga-iche n'oge ịgbado ọkụ . Nke a bụ n'ihi na laser ntụpọ bụ obere, na Weld dị warara, na n'ozuzu anaghị jupụta metal. Ọ bụrụ na nzukọ bụghị ekwe, doo nwere ike gabiga ọdịiche, ma ọ bụ na echiche ọjọọ na-kpatara doro anya aru, ịda mbà n'obi, dị ka a dịgasị iche iche nke tụrụ.

Ubé, ọ bụ omume na-eme ka unfucks ma ọ bụ unmatched. Ya mere, n'ozuzu mpempe akwụkwọ metal adịghị aka 0.1mm, na ncha ntutu na-ekwesịghị-adị ukwuu karịa 0.

2mm. Na n'ezie mmepụta, e nwere mgbe ụfọdụ n'ihi ihe ndị a, laser ịgbado ọkụ technology ike ga-eji. Iji nweta ezi ịgbado ọkụ mmetụta, na docking na-enye ohere na ọdịiche na-efe ọdịiche na-achịkwa n'ime 10% nke mkpa efere ọkpụrụkpụ.

Ịga nke ọma laser ịgbado ọkụ na-achọ nso kọntaktị n'etiti solder substrates. Nke a ga-ọma kpọgidere nweta arụpụta ihe kasị mma. Nke a bụ ike na-eme na ebughibu eurus mkpụrụ, n'ihi na ọ dị mfe na-kpebisiri, karịsịa n'ihe banyere adịrị nnukwu batrị modul ma ọ bụ mmiri na wepụ.

3) ịgbado ọkụ kwa (1) Ihe kacha mkpa na ịgbado ọkụ afọ nke ịgbado ọkụ kwa (1) na ịgbado ọkụ parameters bụ ike njupụta nke laser ntụpọ, nke na-emetụta ndị ịgbado ọkụ mode na Weld akpụ kwụsie ike dị ka ndị a: na laser ntụpọ ike njupụta dabere na obere mgbanwe kwụsie thermal soldering, mode ejighị n'aka ịgbado ọkụ na ike miri ịgbado ọkụ ịgbado ọkụ. Mgbe ike njupụta nke laser ntụpọ, mgbe doo mode na-elekwasị anya mirror na-lekwasịrị anya, ọ dị mkpa iji chọpụta ọnọdụ nke laser ike na doo anya na ọnọdụ. Laser ike njupụta bụ proportional ka laser ike.

E nwere otu ezigbo uru mmetụta nke na-elekwasị anya na ọnọdụ; mgbe na doo-elekwasị anya bụ na a na-na ọnọdụ n'okpuru elu nke workpiece (n'ime 1 na 2 mm, ọ bụ dị iche iche si ọkpụrụkpụ na parameters), ọ nwere ike inwe ihe ndị kasị mma Weld. Dechapụ a ezigbo anya ọnọdụ, elu nke workpiece-aghọ nnukwu, na-eme ike njupụta obere, otu onye na-nso, ga-eme ka a mgbanwe n'ụdị ịgbado ọkụ usoro. The ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ na ụdị ịgbado ọkụ usoro na stabilizer bụghị dị ka ịrịba dị ka laser ike na-elekwasị anya na ọnọdụ, naanị mgbe ịgbado ọkụ na-agba bụ oke buru ibu, n'ihi na elu okpomọkụ input kwa obere, ọ dịghị mmezi nke anụ miri gwatering usoro.

Mgbe n'ezie ịgbado ọkụ, na kwụsie ike miri ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ kwụsie ike thermal soldering ga-ahọrọ dị ka ịgbado ọkụ nke ịgbado ọkụ, na mode bụ mụ. (2) Na-miri okpuru ulo ịgbado ọkụ nso, mmetụta nke ịgbado ọkụ kwa na miri omimi: Na anụ miri nlele nso, ndị dị elu nke laser ike, na ibu ihe omimi, banyere 0,7 ugboro; na ịgbado ọkụ ọsọ agbanwe Dae-emighị emi.

Na kacha ọnọdụ nke na-elekwasị anya na a na-laser ike na ịgbado ọkụ na-agba, a wụrụ awụ na-ada mbà n'obi, deviates a ọnọdụ, agbaze omimi, ma ọ bụ ọbụna na-aghọ a mode-ejighị n'aka ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ kwụsie ike kwes soldering. (3) mmetụta nke na-echebe gas, ihe dị mkpa iji na-echebe gas bụ iji chebe workpiece si na-oxidized n'oge ịgbado ọkụ usoro; chebe elekwasị anya oghere si sputtering nke metal uzuoku ofufe na mmiri mmiri fuuz; plasma dispersing elu ike laser ịgbado ọkụ; obi jụrụ Workpiece, belata thermal mmetụta ebe. Echebe gas na-na-eji na argon ma ọ bụ helium, na nitrogen nwere ike ji mee enweghị elu àgwà chọrọ.

Ha nwere a ịrịba dị iche na plasma: helium dị elu ruru ya elu ionized electrophotome, na ọchịchọ na-plasma karịa argon bụ obere, ma si otú a ka ibu agbaze miri dị obere karịa argon. N'ime a ụfọdụ nso, dị ka eruba n'ime gas aga na-abawanye, ọchịchọ nke plasma na-amụba, na otú gbazee bụ ọhụrụ, ma ọ enwekwu ka a ụfọdụ nso. (4) Monitorability analysis nke ọ bụla oke: Na anọ ịgbado ọkụ kwa, na ịgbado ọkụ na-agba na-echebe gas eruba nwe kwa na ndị mfe nyochaa ma na-enwe anụ, na laser ike na-elekwasị anya na ọnọdụ bụ ekwe omume nke afụ n'oge ịgbado ọkụ na-esi ike inyocha.

Oke. Ọ bụ ezie na laser ike kwụsie ike mmepụta si laser bụ elu na mfe nyochaa, n'ihi na ọnwụ nke ìhè na-eduzi na-elekwasị anya usoro, na laser ike eru workpiece ga-agbanwe, na nke a ọnwụ na ngwa anya workpiece na-mmeru. The ọnọdụ a metụtara, ya mere na ọ dịghị mfe ileba anya, na-aghọ ihe na-ejighị n'aka nke ịgbado ọkụ mma.

The doo lekwasịrị anya ọnọdụ bụ ihe na mmetụta nke ịgbado ọkụ àgwà na kasị ike nlekota na njikwa na ịgbado ọkụ parameters. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a chọrọ usoro nhazi ntuziaka na usoro ikpe ugboro ugboro iji chọpụta ọnọdụ elekwasị anya nke ọma iji nweta ezigbo agbaze miri emi. Otú ọ dị, n'oge usoro ịgbado ọkụ, n'ihi mgbanwe nke workpiece, thermal lens mmetụta ma ọ bụ multi-akụkụ ịgbado ọkụ nke oghere curve, a na-elekwasị anya ọnọdụ nwere ike ịgbanwe na ikike ohere nwere ike gafere.

N'ihe gbasara ikpe abụọ a dị n'elu, n'otu aka ahụ, ịdị elu dị elu, ihe nkwụsi ike dị elu, ma na-echekwa mgbe niile, gbochie mmetọ, nọgide na-ehicha; N'aka nke ọzọ, ezigbo oge nlekota na akara usoro nke laser ịgbado ọkụ usoro a chọrọ ka ebuli parameters, onyunyo mbata Mgbanwe na laser ike na-elekwasị anya ọnọdụ nke workpiece, welie ntụkwasị obi na kwụsie ike nke laser ịgbado ọkụ àgwà. N'ikpeazụ, ntị ka laser ịgbado ọkụ bụ a agbaze usoro. Nke a pụtara na ihe abụọ ahụ na-agbaze na usoro ịgbado ọkụ laser.

Usoro a dị ngwa ngwa, ya mere ntinye ọkụ dum dị ala. Ma n'ihi na nke a bụ usoro ịgbaze, ọ nwere ike ịmepụta ngwakọta ígwè dị elu na-esighi ike mgbe ị na-agbado ihe dị iche iche. Ngwakọta aluminom-ọla kọpa na-adị mfe karị imepụta ngwakọta ọla.

Ogige ndị a egosila na enwere mmetụta na-adịghị mma na ihe ndị na-emepụta ọkụ eletrik na-adịte aka na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge nke ngwa microelectronic. Mmetụta nke ogige intermetallic ndị a gbasara arụmọrụ ogologo oge nke batrị lithium ion ka ejighị n'aka. .

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